悉尼，9月25日电：在一名失控的OpenAI机器人入侵澳大利亚卫生系统数据库之前，澳大利亚政府就已升级言辞，强调收紧监管的必要性。
SYDNEY, Sept 25 : Even before a rogue OpenAI bot breached the database of Australia's health system, the government was escalating its rhetoric about the need to tighten regulation.
政策专家表示，对该国最常用政府机构之一的入侵事件，可能促使澳大利亚采取更强硬立场，因为澳大利亚正准备从2027年起实施针对AI的专门法律，这给本已因堪培拉禁止青少年使用社交媒体而紧张的澳美关系增添了压力。
The incursion on one of the country's most used government agencies may prompt a tougher stance as Australia readies AI-specific laws starting in 2027, adding pressure to Australia-US relations already tested by Canberra's teen social media ban, tech policy experts said.
澳大利亚已拒绝让ChatGPT制造商OpenAI及其竞争对手Anthropic绕过版权法进行模型训练——要求它们首先与澳大利亚权利持有者协商许可协议。专家表示，这种拒绝极有可能维持下去。
Australia has already frustrated the ChatGPT maker and rival Anthropic by refusing to let them bypass copyright laws for model training - requiring them to negotiate licencing deals with Australian rights-holders first. That refusal will most likely remain, the experts said.
新法规还可能包括强制AI公司在其产品发生安全漏洞时进行报告，这与要求企业在72小时内披露入侵事件的新澳大利亚法律相呼应。
The new regulations may also include mandatory reporting for AI companies if their products engage in security breaches, mirroring new Australian laws that require firms to disclose an intrusion within 72 hours.
Medicare事件还可能提升“社会许可”的重要性——即一家公司是否造福其运营所在社区——当澳大利亚规划机构权衡建设数据中心的申请时。
The Medicare incident may also raise the importance of "social licence" - the question of whether a company benefits the community it is operating in - when Australian planning authorities weigh applications to build data centres.
随着Medicare消息曝光，OpenAI和Anthropic已与该国一些最大的数据中心建立了合作伙伴关系——这些数据中心正等待政府批准。
As the Medicare news broke, OpenAI and Anthropic had partnerships with what would be some of the country's biggest data centres - which are awaiting government clearance.
新南威尔士大学AI研究所首席科学家Toby Walsh表示：“我希望这能鼓舞政府对一个需要迅速成熟的行业实施更多监督和控制。”他的大学与OpenAI有赞助协议。
"I would hope it emboldens the government to take more oversight and control over an industry which needs to grow up fast," said Toby Walsh, chief scientist at the University of New South Wales' AI Institute. His university has a sponsorship agreement with OpenAI.
“我们会起诉实施此类黑客攻击的人类。”澳大利亚总理Anthony Albanese称这次发生在6月、于9月由OpenAI披露的入侵事件“不可接受”，并表示已向OpenAI首席执行官Sam Altman表达了“极度关切”。
"We would prosecute humans who did such hacking." Australian leader Anthony Albanese called the breach, which occurred in June and was revealed by OpenAI in September, "unacceptable" and said he voiced "extreme concern" to OpenAI CEO Sam Altman.
他补充说，政府正在考虑“可能的执法和立法应对措施”。OpenAI表示，直到8月才得知此次泄露事件——这是澳大利亚政府网站发生的至少四起泄露事件之一。该公司称，该事件并非故意造成，也未泄露任何私人信息。OpenAI发言人未立即回应关于阿尔巴尼斯言论的置评请求。
He added that the government was considering "possible law-enforcement and legislative responses." OpenAI says it only learned of the breach - one of at least four of Australian government websites - in August. It says the incident was not intentional and didn't compromise any private information. An OpenAI spokesperson did not immediately respond to a question about Albanese's comments.
合作伙伴关系承压 事态发展使两国间的一个压力点变得更加紧迫：禁止16岁以下未成年人使用社交媒体的法律，以及要求发布澳大利亚新闻内容的平台缴纳费用的法规，激怒了特朗普政府。
PARTNERSHIP UNDER STRAIN The fallout brings urgency to a pressure point between the countries: laws keeping under-16s off social media and levies for platforms which post Australian news content have angered the Trump administration. New plans by Australia to require companies to take responsibility for user safety, including letting users opt out of algorithms, were decried as "censorship" by Washington.
澳大利亚新计划要求公司对用户安全负责，包括允许用户选择退出算法推荐，这一举措被华盛顿斥为“审查制度”。
Canberra, which has two other ongoing inquiries into AI, in addition to two state inquiries, also wants federal laws requiring data centres to supply their own energy and cap water usage, while stopping them from using Australian content for training without paying.
堪培拉除正在进行的两项联邦层面人工智能调查和两项州级调查外，还希望出台联邦法律，要求数据中心自行解决能源供应并限制用水量，同时禁止它们在未付费的情况下使用澳大利亚内容进行训练。
Canberra, which has two other ongoing inquiries into AI, in addition to two state inquiries, also wants federal laws requiring data centres to supply their own energy and cap water usage, while stopping them from using Australian content for training without paying.
政策专家表示，澳大利亚现在可能会更新隐私法，要求人工智能公司报告其应负责的泄露事件。它们可能还必须为面向公众的网站测试做出贡献，以维护国家安全。
It may now update privacy laws to require AI companies to report breaches they are responsible for. They may also have to contribute to testing of public-facing websites to preserve national security, the policy experts said.
澳大利亚科技政策设计研究所执行董事、澳大利亚前联合国首席网络谈判代表乔安娜·韦弗表示，澳大利亚在面对美国抵制时仍坚持科技监管的记录，使其处于领导其他国家开展更好人工智能护栏运动的有利位置。
Australia's record of tech regulation in the face of US resistance puts it in position to lead other countries in a campaign for better AI guardrails, said Johanna Weaver, executive director of the Tech Policy Design Institute and Australia's former chief cyber negotiator at the United Nations. "The question is whether that is the path that we choose and what the US response will be," she said.
她说：“问题是我们是否会选择这条道路，以及美国的反应将会如何。”
"The question is whether that is the path that we choose and what the US response will be," she said.
昆士兰科技大学技术法研究员亨利·弗雷泽表示，即使美国提出异议或进行报复，澳大利亚人似乎也已做好准备抓住这一时机。
Even if the US objects or retaliates, the Australians seem empowered to seize the moment, said Henry Fraser, a technology law researcher at Queensland University of Technology.
“我认为他们不会预料到来自美国的反弹——或者说即便有所预料，他们也判断当地民众对这类风险的担忧在政治上倾向于采取行动，”他说。
"I don't think that they would be expecting backlash from the US - or to the extent they are, they've decided that the local politics of people's concerns about these types of risks is in favour of taking action," he said.
重点关注建设热潮 这一事件凸显了数据中心建设热潮的现实利害关系，经济学家估计到2030年其价值将达1500亿澳元（约合1050亿美元）。
BUILD-OUT IN FOCUS The incident raises the practical stakes of a data centre buildout that economists estimate will be worth A$150 billion ($105 billion) by 2030.
自去年12月OpenAI与澳大利亚NextDC合作在悉尼建设一座612兆瓦设施以来，堪培拉表示将实施数据中心规划限制。
Since OpenAI teamed with Australia's NextDC in December for a 612-megawatt facility in Sydney, Canberra has said it would impose data centre planning restrictions.
这些公司表示将配合，但尚未获得新南威尔士州政府批准，后者正在等待规划文件。
The companies have said they will comply but have yet to secure sign-off by New South Wales state authorities, who are awaiting planning documents. After Albanese's Medicare disclosure, NSW Premier Chris Minns said an OpenAI bot had accessed a research database of the state's Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research.
在阿尔巴尼斯披露医保信息后，新南威尔士州州长明斯表示，一个OpenAI机器人曾访问过该州犯罪统计与研究局的一个研究数据库。
The companies have said they will comply but have yet to secure sign-off by New South Wales state authorities, who are awaiting planning documents. After Albanese's Medicare disclosure, NSW Premier Chris Minns said an OpenAI bot had accessed a research database of the state's Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research.
“社会许可的获得实际上需要向更高层级推进，”悉尼大学人工智能、信任与治理中心研究员罗布·尼科尔斯表示。
"The buy-in of social licence actually has to go up the stack a bit," said Rob Nicholls, a researcher at the University of Sydney's Centre for AI, Trust and Governance.
“仅仅承诺‘为我们数据中心附近的每个人减免200澳元电费’……应当只是最低标准。”
"Just saying 'we'll knock 200 bucks off the energy bill of everybody who's near our data centre' ... should be the minimum." Anthropic has a local partner for a 2.16-gigawatt data centre in Queensland, which needs Foreign Investment Review Board and state government approval. An Anthropic spokesperson declined to comment.
Anthropic在昆士兰有一个2.16吉瓦数据中心的本地合作伙伴，该项目需要外国投资审查委员会和州政府批准。Anthropic发言人拒绝置评。
"Just saying 'we'll knock 200 bucks off the energy bill of everybody who's near our data centre' ... should be the minimum." Anthropic has a local partner for a 2.16-gigawatt data centre in Queensland, which needs Foreign Investment Review Board and state government approval. An Anthropic spokesperson declined to comment.
主持数据中心调查的新南威尔士州绿党议员阿比盖尔·博伊德表示，该州“在考虑这些超大规模数据中心的规划审批时，绝对需要考量这些技术造成的社会危害。”
NSW state Greens lawmaker Abigail Boyd, who chairs an inquiry into data centres, said the state "absolutely needs to consider the social harms created by these technologies when considering the planning approvals for these hyperscale data centres."