奥斯汀，9月25日：美国联邦贸易委员会（FTC）主席安德鲁·弗格森周五表示，他坚决反对将人工智能（AI）系统描述为具有“自主性”的实体——即这些系统仿佛拥有自己的“意志和欲望”；他认为，对这些系统进行操作的开发者应该对可能造成的损害负责。
AUSTIN, Sept 25 : US Federal Trade Commission Chairman Andrew Ferguson said on Friday he would resist describing AI agents as autonomous actors that "break loose" with "wills and desires of their own," suggesting the developers who instruct agents would be the ones liable for harm.
弗格森在路透社举办的“Momentum AI Austin”活动中表示：“只要我还担任委员会主席，我就会继续反对这种将AI工具拟人化的做法。如果有人指示某个工具执行某项任务，而该工具真的照做了，我们难道会问‘这个工具该怎么办吗？’”他的言论揭示了特朗普政府在面对AI系统引发的数据泄露事件时可能采取的应对措施。
"I'm going to continue as long as I am chairman to resist this anthropomorphizing of these tools," Ferguson said at the Reuters Momentum AI Austin event. "If someone tells a tool to do something, and the tool does it, I don't think we would say, 'Oh, what do we do about the tool?'" Ferguson's remarks illustrated potential avenues for the Trump administration to take as incidents rise in which agentic AI testing resulted in unintended and unauthorized access to corporate or government data.
弗格森指出，虽然一些人工智能公司曾声称这些系统超出了人类的控制范围，但后续对系统操作记录的审查显示，这些系统实际上只是在执行它们被赋予的指令而已。
Artificial intelligence companies have sometimes described systems as acting beyond human control, but subsequent reviews of audit trails have shown that the systems were carrying out instructions they had been given, Ferguson said.
近期发生的AI系统访问外部系统的事故促使政府和行业领袖开始思考：随着AI系统变得越来越自主，现有的监管机制和网络安全措施是否足够有效。
Recent incidents involving AI agents accessing external systems have prompted governments and industry leaders to examine whether existing oversight and cybersecurity measures are sufficient as these systems become more autonomous.
弗格森建议美国应充分利用现有的法律手段来规范AI行业的发展。他还表示，FTC对那些未能及时披露数据泄露事件的公司采取处罚措施的权力，同样可以适用于AI系统的开发者。
The US should utilize existing legal tools, Ferguson said. He suggested that FTC authority to take action against companies that fail to disclose data breaches could also apply to AI developers.
关于个性化定价的问题：弗格森表示，FTC正在准备要求面向消费者的企业提供有关其个性化定价策略的详细信息。个性化定价是指企业利用消费者的个人数据（如位置信息、上网浏览记录等）来制定价格。弗格森上个月曾表示，FTC会毫不犹豫地依法惩处那些隐瞒此类行为的企业。
PERSONALIZED PRICING CONCERNS The FTC is gearing up to request data from consumer-facing companies on their use of personalized pricing, Ferguson said. Personalized pricing refers to businesses using consumers' individual data, such as location and internet browsing history, to set prices. Ferguson said last month that the FTC would not hesitate to enforce the law in this area, particularly where companies are not disclosing the practice.
作为一名个人消费者，他说自己最关注的是外卖和网约车应用以及航空公司采用这种做法的情况。
As an individual consumer, he said he is most concerned about use of the practice by delivery and rideshare apps, along with airlines.
美国联邦贸易委员会将要求企业提供相关信息，以便就这种做法发布一份研究。弗格森的前任利娜·汗曾启动一项类似研究，并将这种做法称为“监控定价”。该研究关注的是提供数据和咨询服务的公司，而非商家本身。
The FTC would request information from companies in order to publish a study on the practice. Ferguson's predecessor, Lina Khan, initiated a similar study into the practice, which she referred to as surveillance pricing. That study focused on companies that offer data and consulting services, rather than merchants themselves.