联合国——联合国难民署负责人周五呼吁世界分裂的国家将重点放在结束冲突和危机上，以便超过1.17亿被迫逃离家园的人能够返回，而不是在异国他乡流离失所数代。
EDITH M. LEDERER UNITED NATIONS — The U.N. refugee chief urged the world’s divided nations Friday to focus on ending conflicts and crises so the more than 117 million people forced to flee their homes can return, and not spend generations displaced in a foreign country.
巴哈姆·萨利赫自去年12月当选难民专员以来，首次向联合国安理会发表讲话。他告诉安理会15个成员国，他们“负有独特的责任，帮助实现和平”。这位前难民、2018年至2022年担任伊拉克总统的人士在联合国年度世界领导人大会的边会上表示：“对于数百万被迫离开家园的人——以及数百万本不应被迫逃离的人——我敦促你们履行这一责任。”
In his first speech to the U.N. Security Council since his election as high commissioner for refugees last December, Barham Salih told its 15 members that they have “a unique responsibility to help make peace possible.” “For the millions of people forced from their homes – and the millions more who should never have to flee – I urge you to use that responsibility,” the former refugee, who was president of Iraq from 2018 to 2022, told the meeting on the sidelines of the annual U.N. gathering of world leaders.
萨利赫强调，像联合国难民署（UNHCR）工作人员这样的人道主义工作者每天都在应对冲突的后果，但他们无法创造和平。根据《联合国宪章》，维护国际和平与安全的责任被赋予安理会。难民负责人列举了迫使人们逃离的冲突。
Salih stressed that humanitarians, like those working for the refugee agency known as UNHCR, deal every day with the consequences of conflict, but they can’t create peace. That responsibility under the U.N. Charter is entrusted to the Security Council which is charged with maintaining international peace and security.
他表示，苏丹战争仍然是全球最大的人口流离失所危机，国内外共有1200万人受到影响。“只要这场战争继续，人们就会继续逃离，”他说。
The refugee chief ticked off conflicts that have forced people to flee.
萨利赫说，在刚果，“几代人已经经历了冲突和暴力的循环”，如今又因日益恶化的埃博拉危机而雪上加霜。他说，在乌克兰，战争导致数百万人在国内流离失所，另有数百万人逃往其他国家。
The war in Sudan remains the world’s largest displacement crisis, with 12 million people inside and outside the country, he said. “As long as this war continues, people will continue to flee,” he said.
他说，来自有争议的、被摩洛哥声称拥有主权的西撒哈拉的几代难民，在邻国阿尔及利亚廷杜夫附近的营地中长大，“在等待政治解决方案的同时，面临着不确定性和有限的前景”。
In Congo , Salih said, “generations have now lived through cycles of conflict and violence,” now compounded by an escalating Ebola crisis. In Ukraine , he said, war has displaced millions inside the country and sent millions more fleeing to other countries.
在最近的中东局势升级中，萨利赫表示，联合国难民署已调动资源和人员，帮助超过13万名因冲突而流离失所但仍滞留在也门的难民，以及3700多名逃往吉布提寻求庇护的难民。
Generations of refugees from disputed Western Sahara , which Morocco claims, have grown up in camps near Tindouf in neighboring Algeria “facing uncertainty and limited prospects while awaiting a political solution,” he said. In the latest Mideast escalation, Salih said, UNHCR has mobilized resources and staff to help more than 130,000 Yemenis who have fled recent hostilities and remain in the country, and over 3,700 who have sought safety in Djibouti.
这位难民事务负责人承认，他今年早些时候提出的目标——即到2035年将长期依赖人道主义援助的难民人数减少一半——确实“雄心勃勃”。但他强调：“这样的目标确实有必要，因为让人们在无法重建自己生活的情况下年复一年地维持生存，绝不能成为我们的最终目的。”他说，真正的成功并不意味着只是更有效地维持那些陷入战争中的人的生存，也不意味着仅仅因为面临紧急情况就新建难民营；更不能让孩子们继承父母所经历的流离失所的命运。
The refugee chief acknowledged that a goal he launched earlier this year to reduce the number of refugees in long-term displacement who rely on humanitarian aid by half by 2035 “is ambitious.” But he stressed that “it must be, because keeping people alive year after year while they remain unable to rebuild their lives cannot be our end goal.” Success can’t mean becoming better at keeping people caught in war alive for another year, or establishing a new camp in response to a 50-year emergency, he said, and it can’t mean having children inherit displacement from their parents.
“真正的成功，最终应该意味着创造一种让人们不再需要我们帮助的环境，”萨利赫说。联合国难民署的使命应该是“尽可能预防人员流离失所，对于已经发生流离失所的情况则要加以解决，并为人们创造一个能够安全、有尊严地重建生活的环境。”埃迪丝·M·莱德勒（Edith M. Lederer）为美联社报道国际事务已超过半个世纪。
“Success must ultimately mean creating the conditions in which people no longer need us,” Salih said. UNHCR’s ambition must be “to prevent displacement where we can, resolve it where it has occurred, and create the conditions in which people can rebuild their lives in safety and dignity.” Edith M. Lederer has been covering international affairs for The Associated Press for more than a half century.