马萨达·阿布·贾拉德公寓上方部分坍塌的屋顶，如今由断裂的混凝土和边缘伸出的扭曲钢筋组成。
The partially collapsed roof above Masada Abu Jarad’s apartment is now made up of broken concrete with twisted steel bars protruding from its edges.
而在房间敞开露天的那一块区域下方——这是建筑物部分坍塌造成的——马萨达一家搭起了一顶帐篷以遮风挡雨。
And underneath the section of the room that is now open to the elements after the building’s partial collapse, Masada’s family have pitched a tent to provide shelter.
这位60岁的老人清楚这栋建筑很危险。巴勒斯坦红新月会和民防部门上周曾到访该家庭，警告他们应该离开。但在加沙，以色列在近三年的种族灭绝战争后拒绝允许进行正当重建，他们几乎无处可去。
The 60-year-old knows the structure is dangerous. The Palestinian Red Crescent and the Civil Defence visited the family last week and warned them that they should leave. But in Gaza, where Israel refuses to allow proper reconstruction to take place after almost three years of its genocidal war there are few places for them to go.
“我们别无选择，”马萨达说。“我想走，但谁能给我提供替代方案？”她在过去一年里住在加沙城巴勒斯坦广场区域的这栋楼里，此前在战争早期流离失所后返回了加沙北部。但这仍然不是家。马萨达一家原籍加沙地带最北端的贝特拉希亚，战争初期因以色列夷平该地区而被迫离开。他们至今无法返回。
“We have no options,” Masada says. “I want to leave, but who will give me an alternative?” She has lived in the building in Gaza City’s Palestine Square area for the past year, after returning to northern Gaza from displacement earlier in the war. But this still isn’t home. Masada’s family is originally from Beit Lahiya in the far north of the Strip, but had to leave early in the war after Israel decimated the area. They are still unable to return.
反复流离失所，让在没有安全去处的情况下再次搬迁变得令人精疲力竭。即便能搬走，费用也高得难以承担。“即使有更好的地方，请告诉我我怎么付得起房租，”马萨达说。
After repeated displacement, the prospect of moving again without a safe destination has become exhausting. And even if they could move, the cost is prohibitive.
马萨达的经历反映了加沙更广泛的住房危机，这场危机波及所有在以色列战争中幸存下来的巴勒斯坦人，该战争已造成超过73,000名巴勒斯坦人死亡。
“Even if there is a better place, tell me how I can afford to rent it,” Masada said.
联合国、世界银行和欧盟的联合评估发现，截至2025年10月，371,888个住房单元——占住房存量的76.6%——已被摧毁或损坏。评估还发现，未来十年重建加沙将需要超过710亿美元。
Masada’s experience reflects a wider housing crisis across Gaza for the Palestinians who have survived Israel’s war, which has killed more than 73,000 Palestinians. A joint assessment by the United Nations, World Bank, and European Union found that 371,888 housing units, 76.6 percent of the housing stock, had been destroyed or damaged as of October 2025. The assessment also found that rebuilding Gaza will need more than $71bn over the next decade.
加沙住房存量枯竭且受损严重所带来的危险，在9月16日变得触目惊心。据联合国和加沙民防部门称，当天加沙城一栋六层战损住宅楼倒塌，造成21人死亡，其中包括12名儿童。此次倒塌事件已成为居住在其他受损建筑中家庭的警示。
The dangers of Gaza’s depleted and damaged housing stock became starkly visible on September 16, when a six-storey war-damaged residential building in Gaza City collapsed, killing 21 people, including 12 children, according to the UN and Gaza Civil Defence.
加沙市政当局和民防部门已警告居民撤离有倒塌风险的建筑物 [Abdelhakim Abu Riash/半岛电视台]“我保持清醒，好让他们入睡”40岁的阿卜杜拉·阿布·哈贾尔与妻子和五个孩子住在加沙城南部的雷马尔区纳杰马大楼。
The collapse has become a warning for families living in other damaged structures. Gaza’s municipality and civil defence have warned residents to evacuate buildings at risk of collapse [Abdelhakim Abu Riash/Al Jazeera]‘I stay awake so they can sleep’ Abdullah Abu Hajar, 40, lives with his wife and five children in the al-Najma building in Gaza City’s southern Remal neighbourhood.
据阿卜杜拉介绍，这栋六层建筑受损严重，结构不稳定。大约有17个家庭、50至60人居住在此。
Gaza’s municipality and civil defence have warned residents to evacuate buildings at risk of collapse [Abdelhakim Abu Riash/Al Jazeera]‘I stay awake so they can sleep’ Abdullah Abu Hajar, 40, lives with his wife and five children in the al-Najma building in Gaza City’s southern Remal neighbourhood.
建筑外墙上贴有市政通知，警告居民和路人该建筑不安全，存在倒塌风险。
The six-storey building is severely damaged and unstable. About 17 families, roughly 50 to 60 people, are living there, according to Abdullah.
夜晚，当妻子和孩子们试图入睡时，阿卜杜拉保持清醒，仔细聆听。
On the outside walls, municipal notices warn residents and passers-by that the building is unsafe and at risk of collapse.
任何不寻常的声音，比如混凝土移位、石块移动或建筑内部不明原因的吱嘎声，都会让他警觉起来。
At night, while his wife and children try to sleep, Abdullah stays awake and listens.
“我整夜不睡，保持警惕，”他说，“我无法闭上眼睛，只能一直倾听周围的声音。”
Every unfamiliar sound, such as concrete shifting, stones moving or an unexplained creaking somewhere inside the building, puts him on alert.
阿卜杜拉·阿布·哈贾尔站在他与家人居住的受损建筑附近 [Abdelhakim Abu Riash/半岛电视台]阿卜杜拉解释说，尽管孩子们已经适应了这种危险，但他依然为他们感到担忧。而他自己并未适应。
“I stay awake all night, keeping watch,” he said. “I can’t close my eyes. I keep just listening to sounds around me.” Abdullah Abu Hajar stands near the damaged building where he lives with his family [Abdelhakim Abu Riash/Al Jazeera] Abdullah explained that he feels worried for his children, even though they have adapted to the danger. But he has not.
9月16日大楼倒塌后，他的恐惧感更加强烈。他说，从那以后，他几乎无法入睡。“我已经处于高度紧张状态，”他说，“但我不知道能去哪里。”
And after the September 16 building collapse, he grew even more fearful. Since then, he said, he has barely slept.
阿卜杜拉和他的家人此前因以色列袭击加沙北部的拜特哈努恩而流离失所，在战争期间多次迁移，最终找到了纳杰马大楼。
“I’m already on edge,” he said. “But I don’t know where I can go.” Abdullah and his family were displaced from Beit Hanoon in northern Gaza after it was attacked by Israel, and moved repeatedly during the war, eventually finding the al-Najma building.
他的大家庭也面临着同样的不确定性。阿卜杜拉说，他的一位亲戚一直在加沙地带南部和北部之间辗转，寻找可以搭帐篷的地方。
His extended family faces the same uncertainty. Abdullah said that one of his relatives has been moving between southern and northern Gaza, looking for a place where he can pitch a tent.
“我让他过来和我们住在一起，”阿卜杜拉说，“但他因为这栋楼的状况而犹豫不决。与此同时，他已无处可去。”伊斯兰·哈萨宁（Islam Hassanein）特别担心冬季的天气状况会如何影响她所居住的这栋半坍塌建筑 [阿卜杜勒哈基姆·阿布·里亚什/半岛电视台] 瓦砾中的房间 对于36岁的伊斯兰·哈萨宁来说，同样的恐惧与她称之为“家”的地方交织在一起。
“I told him to come and stay with us,” Abdullah said. “But he is hesitant because of the condition of this building. At the same time, he has nowhere else to go.” Islam Hassanein is particularly worried about how weather conditions in the winter will affect the partially collapsed building she lives in [Abdelhakim Abu Riash/Al Jazeera] A room among the rubble For Islam Hassanein, 36, the same fears are entwined with the place she calls home.
作为五个孩子的母亲，伊斯兰和家人在这一栋受损建筑的三楼一个房间里已经住了近一年。
A mother of five, Islam has spent nearly a year living with her family in a single room on the third floor of a damaged building.
她在四处寻找住处后发现了这个房间。当时房间里堆满了瓦砾和碎片。“我们清理了一下就住了进去，”她说。
She found the room after searching for somewhere to stay. It was filled with rubble and debris. “We cleaned it and stayed in it,” she said.
这栋建筑已经倾斜，受损情况肉眼可见。管道无法使用，所以一家人只能使用外面的卫生间。这里几乎没有任何像家庭住宅的样子。
The building is leaning and visibly damaged. The plumbing doesn’t work, so the family uses a bathroom outside. There is little that resembles a family home.
但离开这里并不比留下来更容易。“我们一直在找，但找不到任何地方，”她说，“他们甚至可能把我们赶出去。我们该怎么办？”伊斯兰表示，如果能提供一个安全的地方，她会立即离开。
But leaving has proved no easier than staying. “We keep looking, but we can’t find anywhere,” she says. “They might even force us out of here. What are we supposed to do?” Islam says she would leave immediately if she were offered a safe place.
“如果他们能为我们找到一个好地方并提供一个帐篷，我们早上就会搬走，”她说，“但这个地方在哪里？帐篷又在哪里？”伊斯兰的女儿们坐在她们居住的阿尔-纳吉马（al-Najma）大楼的房间里，这栋楼随时有坍塌的风险。大楼本身经常提醒她危险的存在。
“If they find us a good place and provide us with a tent, we will leave from the morning,” she says. “But where is this place? And where is the tent?” Islam’s daughters sit inside the room where they live in the al-Najma building, which is at risk of collapse. The building itself regularly reminds her of the dangers.
“每天你都能听到开裂的声音，”她说，“住在这里的人告诉我们：‘它在裂开。’后来一根柱子倒塌了，他们暂时把我们从楼里撤了出来。”随着冬季临近，天气变得更加寒冷潮湿，这些潜在的致命风险将变得更难应对。
“Every day, you hear the cracking,” she says. “People who live here tell us, ‘It’s cracking.’ Then a column fell, and they took us out of the building temporarily.” The potentially deadly risks will become harder to manage as winter approaches, with its colder and wetter weather. Water can enter through exposed roofs and walls, and the already weakened structure will face additional pressure from heavy rain.
雨水可能从裸露的屋顶和墙壁渗入，而已经脆弱的建筑结构将面临暴雨带来的额外压力。
“Last winter was terrifying,” Islam said. “We were constantly afraid that the building would collapse. I spent most days in my family’s tent because this building was full of openings and would flood whenever it rained.”
“去年冬天可怕极了，”伊斯兰说。“我们一直担心建筑物会倒塌。我大部分时间都待在家人搭的帐篷里，因为这栋楼到处是破洞，一下雨就会进水。”
“Last winter was terrifying,” Islam said. “We were constantly afraid that the building would collapse. I spent most days in my family’s tent because this building was full of openings and would flood whenever it rained.”
“现在，我非常害怕这个冬天，也不知道我们该怎么办。”联合国表示，由于缺乏更好的住房选择，数千人正栖身于被认为不安全的受损建筑中。
“Now, I am very afraid of this winter, and I don’t know what we are going to do.” The UN says thousands of people are sheltering in damaged buildings considered unsafe because better housing options are unavailable.
以色列对帐篷、防水布及其他基本庇护物资入境的限制使局势更加严峻，令加沙陷入停滞状态，无法从战争中走出来，尤其是在以色列随时可能升级冲突的情况下。
Israeli restrictions on the entry of tents, tarpaulins and other essential shelter materials are making the situation more difficult, leaving Gaza in a state of limbo, unable to move on from the war, particularly as Israel can choose to escalate the conflict at any time.
联合国儿童基金会估计，加沙近84%的人口，即超过176万人，正生活在拥挤的流离失所点或受损且设施不足的庇护所中，几乎无法抵御寒冷、暴雨和洪水。伊斯兰表示，战争迫使家庭承担过去认为不可想象的风险。她担心自己的五个孩子，但发现自己几乎没有其他选择。
UNICEF estimates that nearly 84 percent of Gaza’s population, more than 1.76 million people, are living in overcrowded displacement sites or damaged and inadequate shelters, with little protection from cold, heavy rain and flooding. Islam says the war has forced families to take risks they once would have considered unthinkable.
“他们都很害怕，”她说。“但我们能做什么呢？如果有其他办法，我会离开。我们只能听天由命。”
She worries about her five children, but sees few choices available to her. “They are all afraid,” she said. “But what can we do? If there is an alternative, I will leave. We leave it to God.”
受损的纳杰马大楼是加沙面临倒塌风险的建筑物之一 [阿卜杜勒哈基姆·阿布·里亚什/半岛电视台]
The damaged al-Najma building is among the structures at risk of collapse in Gaza [Abdelhakim Abu Riash/Al Jazeera]