了解业务代理人（BC），即印度“最后一公里”银行基础设施及其提供的服务。
Learn about Business Correspondents (BCs), India's last-mile banking infrastructure and their services.
安舒尔 2026年9月26日 下午5:02:17（印度标准时间） 印度的银行网络远远超出了传统银行网点的范畴。业务代理人（BC）代表银行提供特定的银行服务，已成为这一“最后一公里”基础设施的重要组成部分，尤其是在农村和半城市地区。
Anshul September 26, 2026, 5:02:17 PM IST India’s banking network extends well beyond conventional bank branches. Business Correspondents (BCs), which provide specified banking services on behalf of banks, have become an important part of this last-mile infrastructure, particularly in rural and semi-urban areas.
根据联邦财政部发布的最新数据，截至2026年7月17日，印度的业务代理人数量超过173.6万。相比之下，银行网点超过18.1万个，印度邮政支付银行中心约为16.5万个。
According to the latest data released by the Union Finance Ministry, India had more than 17.36 lakh Business Correspondents as of July 17, 2026. This compares with more than 1.81 lakh bank branches and around 1.65 lakh India Post Payments Bank centres.
政府表示，在全国601,328个有人居住的村庄中，有600,868个村庄（占99.92%）可以通过银行网点、业务代理人或印度邮政支付银行中心，在五公里范围内获得银行服务。什么是业务代理人？
The government said 6,00,868 of the country’s 6,01,328 inhabited villages, or 99.92%, had access to a banking outlet within five kilometres through a bank branch, BC or India Post Payments Bank centre. What is a Business Correspondent?
业务代理人是经银行授权，代表银行提供特定银行服务的代理商或服务点。这一模式使银行能够将其服务范围延伸至客户无法便捷访问传统网点的地区。
A Business Correspondent is an agent or service point authorised by a bank to provide specified banking services on its behalf. The model allows banks to extend their reach to locations where customers may not have convenient access to a conventional branch.
业务代理人可以协助办理现金存取、余额查询、汇款及其他辅助性银行业务。具体可提供的服务取决于合作银行以及该业务代理人网点所启用的功能。为什么业务代理人网络很重要？
BCs can facilitate services such as cash deposits and withdrawals, balance enquiries, remittances and other assisted banking transactions. The exact services available depend on the partner bank and the facilities enabled at the particular BC point. Why does the BC network matter?
银行网点和业务代理人网点提供的服务范围并不相同。然而，业务代理人能够让客户在居住地附近获得部分常规银行服务。
A bank branch and a BC point do not offer the same range of services. However, a BC can provide access to selected routine banking services closer to where customers live.
这一点在农村地区尤为相关，因为前往银行网点或自动取款机的距离可能会使即使是基本的交易也变得更加耗时。
This can be particularly relevant in rural areas, where the distance to a bank branch or ATM can make even basic transactions more time-consuming.
“在农村地区，真正的挑战往往不在于银行服务是否存在，而在于客户需要走多远才能享受到这些服务。在村庄内或附近运营的商业代理（Business Correspondent，简称BC）缩小了这一差距，”技术驱动型数字服务提供商BLS E-Services的副首席执行官阿希什·米斯拉（Ashish Misra）表示。
“In rural areas, the real challenge is often not whether banking services exist, but how far customers must travel to reach them. A Business Correspondent operating in or near the village closes that gap,” said Ashish Misra, Deputy CEO, BLS E-Services, a technology-enabled digital service provider. The model is therefore part of the broader financial-inclusion framework, through which banks can provide selected services without relying exclusively on conventional branch infrastructure.
因此，该模式是更广泛的普惠金融框架的一部分，银行可以通过该框架提供精选服务，而无需完全依赖传统的网点基础设施。可以通过BC获得哪些服务？
What services can be accessed through a BC? Depending on the bank and the BC outlet, customers may be able to withdraw or deposit cash, check account balances, transfer money or access remittance services.
根据银行和BC网点的不同，客户或许能够进行现金存取款、查询账户余额、转账或使用汇款服务。
BCs can also provide assisted banking, which can be relevant for customers who may not independently use mobile or internet banking.
BC还可以提供辅助银行服务，这对于可能无法独立使用移动银行或网上银行的客户来说非常重要。
However, not every BC outlet necessarily offers every service. Transaction limits, cash availability, connectivity and the arrangement with the partner bank can determine what a customer can do at a particular point.
然而，并非每个BC网点都必然提供所有服务。交易限额、现金可用性、网络连接以及与合作银行的协议，都会决定客户在特定网点能够办理的业务。BC可以取代银行网点吗？BC是银行服务网络的延伸，而非成熟网点的替代品。
Can a BC replace a bank branch? A BC is an extension of a bank’s service network rather than a replacement for a full-fledged branch. Branch-dependent services, including certain documentation, account-related requests and specialised transactions, may still require a customer to visit the bank.
依赖网点的服务，包括某些文件处理、账户相关请求和专业交易，可能仍需要客户亲自前往银行办理。
The difference is also reflected in the numbers. While the country has more than nine times as many BCs as bank branches, the two serve different functions within the banking system.
这种差异也体现在数据上。虽然全国BC的数量是银行网点的九倍多，但两者在银行体系内发挥着不同的功能。
The difference is also reflected in the numbers. While the country has more than nine times as many BCs as bank branches, the two serve different functions within the banking system.
总部位于新德里的非营利组织BCRC的首席执行官兼董事D·特里帕蒂（D Tripathy）表示，BC提供了一个额外的渠道，客户可以通过该渠道获取金融服务。
D Tripathy, CEO and Director, BCRC, a non-profit organisation headquartered in New Delhi, said BCs provide an additional channel through which customers can access financial services.
“我们正在与合作银行积极沟通，以确保客户在使用银行服务时不会遇到任何困难。我们的BC也在确保为客户提供必要的金融服务，”特里帕蒂说道。BC模式如何支持普惠金融？
“We are engaging with our partner banks to ensure customers do not face any difficulties with banking services. Our BCs are also ensuring that necessary financial services are provided to the customers,” Tripathy said. How does the BC model support financial inclusion?
政府数据显示，通过网点、银行联络点及其他银行服务网点的组合，银行服务的可及性得到了提升。
The government's data indicates that banking access has been extended through a combination of branches, BCs and other banking outlets.
银行联络点模式允许银行为常规服务设立本地服务触点，无需各地客户前往传统网点办理业务。
The BC model allows banks to establish a local touchpoint for routine services without requiring customers in every location to travel to a conventional branch.
与此同时，五公里范围内设有银行服务网点，并不意味着该网点提供所有银行服务。服务的具体性质和范围取决于该网点是传统网点、银行联络点还是其他类型的银行服务中心。
At the same time, the availability of a banking outlet within five kilometres does not mean that all banking services are available at that outlet. The nature and extent of services depend on whether the outlet is a branch, BC point or another type of banking centre.