田纳西州惩教部门的律师已提交了一份请求宽恕的请愿书,希望能在9月30日的执行日期之前减轻Pike的刑罚。
Tennesse Department of Corrections Christa Pike's lawyers have filed a clemency petition seeking to commute her sentence ahead of the 30 September execution date Stephanie Hegarty BBC World Service Correspondent 6 hours ago Ashlee Sellars last heard from her friend Christa Pike earlier this week, when Pike texted her from her cell on death row as she prepares to be killed by lethal injection by the US state of Tennessee.
——BBC世界服务频道记者斯蒂芬妮·赫加蒂(Stephanie Hegarty)6小时前,阿什莉·塞勒斯(Ashlee Sellars)最后一次与她的朋友克里斯塔·派克(Christa Pike)取得联系。当时,派克正在死囚牢房里给她发短信,因为她即将被田纳西州处以死刑(通过注射致命药物的方式)。派克告诉塞勒斯,她不希望自己的任何亲人出现在执行当天。“她不想让我们经历那种痛苦,”塞勒斯说。
Tennesse Department of Corrections Christa Pike's lawyers have filed a clemency petition seeking to commute her sentence ahead of the 30 September execution date Stephanie Hegarty BBC World Service Correspondent 6 hours ago Ashlee Sellars last heard from her friend Christa Pike earlier this week, when Pike texted her from her cell on death row as she prepares to be killed by lethal injection by the US state of Tennessee. Pike told Sellars she does not want any of her loved ones to be present on Wednesday when she is executed. "She doesn't want us to experience that," Sellars says. Sellars finds it hard to reconcile this woman, whom she has only known to be kind and protective, with the person who committed a heinous crime 31 years ago.
塞勒斯很难将这个她一直认为善良且充满保护欲的女性,与31年前犯下滔天罪行的人联系起来。
Pike, now 50, was 18 when she and her boyfriend at the time, Tadaryl Shipp, beat, tortured and murdered Colleen Slemmer, a 19-year-old they met at a job training camp for troubled teens.
现年50岁的派克在18岁时,与当时的男友塔达里尔·希普(Tadaryl Shipp)一起殴打、折磨并杀害了19岁的科琳·斯莱默(Colleen Slemmer)。两人是在一个针对问题青少年的职业培训营中认识科琳的。
Pike, now 50, was 18 when she and her boyfriend at the time, Tadaryl Shipp, beat, tortured and murdered Colleen Slemmer, a 19-year-old they met at a job training camp for troubled teens. The murder created a media frenzy in Knoxville, Tennessee in 1995 when Colleen was found with a pentagram, a symbol of Satanic ritual, carved into her chest.
1995年,这起谋杀案在田纳西州诺克斯维尔市引发了轩然大波:科琳的胸口被刻着一个象征撒旦仪式的五角星。
Pike had accused Colleen of insulting her and trying to steal her boyfriend. Two other residents at the camp later testified that Pike had bragged about the murder before and after, and showed them a piece of Colleen's skull.
派克声称科琳侮辱了她,并试图抢走她的男友。后来,培训营里的另外两名学员作证称,派克在案发前后都曾夸耀自己的罪行,还向他们展示过科琳的头骨碎片。
A year later she was sentenced to death, while Shipp - who was 17 at the time - was given a life sentence with the possibility of parole.
一年后,派克被判处死刑;而当时只有17岁的希普则被判处无期徒刑,但有假释的可能。
Now, after years of failed appeals, Pike's execution has been set for Wednesday. If it goes ahead, she will be the first woman put to death in Tennessee in more than 200 years. Only 18 women have been executed in the US since the 1970s, compared to 1,663 men.
经过多年的上诉失败,派克的死刑执行已被定在周三。如果执行真的发生,她将成为田纳西州200多年来首位被处决的女性。自20世纪70年代以来,美国仅有18名女性被处决,而男性被处决的人数则高达1,663人。
Now, after years of failed appeals, Pike's execution has been set for Wednesday. If it goes ahead, she will be the first woman put to death in Tennessee in more than 200 years. Only 18 women have been executed in the US since the 1970s, compared to 1,663 men. Colleen's mother has said she wants Pike's execution to happen so that her daughter "finally can be resting".
科琳的母亲表示,她希望派克能够被处决,这样她的女儿“终于可以安息了”。
Family handout Student Colleen Slemmer was tortured and brutally killed in the 1995 murder But Pike's lawyers, who filed a 226-page clemency petition, are still hoping for a last-minute reprieve, and UN human rights experts have also called for the execution to be stopped.
关键信息: 1995年,科琳·斯莱默(Colleen Slemmer)遭到了折磨并被残忍杀害。皮克(Christa Pike)的律师们提交了一份长达226页的赦免申请,仍希望在最后一刻获得宽恕;联合国人权专家也呼吁停止执行死刑。
Family handout Student Colleen Slemmer was tortured and brutally killed in the 1995 murder But Pike's lawyers, who filed a 226-page clemency petition, are still hoping for a last-minute reprieve, and UN human rights experts have also called for the execution to be stopped. Pike has a documented history of childhood sexual abuse, abandonment and neglect. Her lawyers believe that if she was found guilty of the same crime today as a teenager she would not receive a death sentence.
- 皮克有童年时期遭受性虐待、被遗弃和忽视的记录。她的律师认为,如果她是在青少年时期犯下同样的罪行,她不会被判处死刑。
In the years since her sentencing, her defence team have uncovered details about her childhood that they say the jury never had the chance to consider.
- 自判决以来,她的辩护团队发现了许多关于她童年的细节,但这些细节当时并未被提交给陪审团审议。
"It is mind-boggling that they did not present any of her history of abuse and rape, even though they knew about it," says Sandra Babcock, an expert in gender and the death penalty at Cornell Law School, who has worked on Pike's defence.
- 康奈尔法学院的性别与死刑问题专家桑德拉·巴布科克(Sandra Babcock)指出:“令人难以理解的是,尽管他们知道这些事实,却完全没有在法庭上提及她的虐待史。”
"Her case is so uniquely compelling, not just because of her really incomprehensible history of sexual violence but the combination of that with her youth and her mental illness." Christa Pike Christa Pike suffered neglect and was abused by her parents In 1995, forensic psychologist Dr Diana McCoy was hired by Pike's defence team and found she was severely neglected by both of her parents. McCoy's report found Pike was physically and sexually abused by several of her mother's husbands and boyfriends, and raped several times, once when she was 11 and again aged 17. Later it was discovered that she was repeatedly raped as a toddler by her grandmother's boyfriend. McCoy said Pike's mother didn't believe her that these rapes happened.
- 皮克的案件非常引人注目——不仅因为她遭受了极其严重的性暴力,还因为她年幼且患有精神疾病。
"Her case is so uniquely compelling, not just because of her really incomprehensible history of sexual violence but the combination of that with her youth and her mental illness." Christa Pike Christa Pike suffered neglect and was abused by her parents In 1995, forensic psychologist Dr Diana McCoy was hired by Pike's defence team and found she was severely neglected by both of her parents. McCoy's report found Pike was physically and sexually abused by several of her mother's husbands and boyfriends, and raped several times, once when she was 11 and again aged 17. Later it was discovered that she was repeatedly raped as a toddler by her grandmother's boyfriend. McCoy said Pike's mother didn't believe her that these rapes happened.
- 1995年,法医心理学家戴安娜·麦考伊(Diana McCoy)受雇为皮克的辩护团队工作,发现她曾遭到父母的严重忽视;麦考伊的报告指出皮克还遭受过多名继父和男友的性虐待,并在11岁和17岁时分别遭到强奸。后来还发现她在幼儿时期曾多次被祖母的男友强奸。然而皮克的辩护律师并未让麦考伊出庭作证,也没有传唤她推荐的许多证人。这些细节是在十多年后的一次法庭听证会上才被揭露的;当时新的辩护团队指控律师团队提供的法律援助无效,但这一指控被法官驳回。
"Her case is so uniquely compelling, not just because of her really incomprehensible history of sexual violence but the combination of that with her youth and her mental illness." Christa Pike Christa Pike suffered neglect and was abused by her parents In 1995, forensic psychologist Dr Diana McCoy was hired by Pike's defence team and found she was severely neglected by both of her parents. McCoy's report found Pike was physically and sexually abused by several of her mother's husbands and boyfriends, and raped several times, once when she was 11 and again aged 17. Later it was discovered that she was repeatedly raped as a toddler by her grandmother's boyfriend. McCoy said Pike's mother didn't believe her that these rapes happened. But Pike's trial lawyer did not put McCoy on the stand or call many of the witnesses she recommended. These details emerged more than a decade later in a court hearing reviewing her case, when a new team of lawyers claimed ineffective assistance of counsel, a claim that was denied by the judge.
2021年,派克在监狱中被诊断出患有双相情感障碍,此后一直接受药物治疗。
But Pike's trial lawyer did not put McCoy on the stand or call many of the witnesses she recommended. These details emerged more than a decade later in a court hearing reviewing her case, when a new team of lawyers claimed ineffective assistance of counsel, a claim that was denied by the judge.
后来,为派克辩护的另一位法医心理学家贝瑟尼·布兰德博士(Bethany Brand)在2023年对派克进行了评估,她表示派克的案件极为罕见——因为派克遭受了众多本应保护她的人的虐待。
In 2021 Pike was diagnosed with bipolar disorder in prison and has been medicated since. Later, another forensic psychologist working for Pike's defence, Dr Bethany Brand, who assessed Pike in 2023, said her case was extremely rare because she was abused by so many people who should have protected her.
“她的童年充满了身体、性以及情感上的虐待。她在学龄前就多次遭到男性的性侵犯,”布兰德说。
Later, another forensic psychologist working for Pike's defence, Dr Bethany Brand, who assessed Pike in 2023, said her case was extremely rare because she was abused by so many people who should have protected her.
布兰德指出,由于双相情感障碍和未得到治疗的创伤后应激障碍(PTSD),派克曾多次出现躁狂症状;这两种情况共同导致了她对那个她最终杀害的女孩感到极度恐惧,以及她在当时缺乏情绪控制的能力。
"Her childhood was replete with physical, sexual, and emotional abuse. She was sexually violated by a number of men, starting before she was school age," she says. Brand says Pike had untreated manic episodes due to bipolar disorder and untreated PTSD. "Both of those things together absolutely influenced how threatened she felt by the girl she ended up killing and her lack of emotional control in that situation."
巴布科克(Babcock)评论道:“如果他们允许对她执行死刑,那就意味着这个国家的死刑制度不过是个笑话——死刑并不是针对那些罪大恶极的罪犯,而是针对那些获得最差法律援助、受到最严重伤害且最脆弱的人。”
Babcock adds: "If they let her be executed, then what it tells us is that the death penalty in this country is just a joke. It's not for the worst of the worst. It is for the people who receive the worst legal representation and who are the most damaged and vulnerable."
法庭文件显示,1995年1月,当时还是青少年的派克在告诉一位朋友“自己那天心情很糟糕”后杀害了斯莱默(Slemmer),并称“她应该为此付出代价”。去年,田纳西州最高法院裁定派克的罪行并不符合减刑的条件;她的上诉程序已经结束,执行死刑的日期也已确定。
Pike, pictured as a teenager, killed Slemmer in January 1995 after telling a friend she "just felt mean that day", court documents say 'She should pay for it' Last year, Tennessee's Supreme Court ruled Pike had not shown circumstances that would justify commuting her sentence. Her appeals process had been exhausted and a date was set for her execution.
此前,一家联邦上诉法院曾裁定:在审判过程中,陪审团已经通过她的父母和姑姑的证词了解了她艰难的童年经历;关于她患有双相情感障碍、创伤后应激障碍以及脑损伤的新证据“基本上只是重复了陪审团已经掌握的信息”,因此不会改变原判。
A federal appeals court had earlier ruled that the jury had already heard about her difficult childhood during testimony from her mother, father, and aunt during her trial. And that new evidence of bipolar disorder, PTSD, and brain damage "mostly repeated" what the jury had heard and would not have changed the verdict.
这一案件与备受关注的谋杀案——丽莎·蒙哥马利(Lisa Montgomery)的案件——存在某些相似之处:丽莎的律师也辩称她是一个患有精神疾病的受害者,理应得到宽恕。
The row has some parallels with the high-profile case of murderer Lisa Montgomery, whose lawyers also argued she was a mentally ill victim of abuse who deserved mercy.
蒙哥马利的法律申诉未能改变她的判决,她于2021年在印第安纳州通过注射死刑被执行。除非田纳西州州长比尔·李对她予以赦免,否则派克将于9月30日被执行死刑。这一决定很可能要等到最后一刻才会做出,而且比尔·李此前从未在死刑案件中行使过赦免权。
Montgomery's legal challenges failed to commute her sentence, and she was executed by lethal injection in Indiana in 2021 Unless she is granted clemency by Tennessee Governor Bill Lee, Pike will be executed on 30 September. That decision is unlikely to come until the last moment, and Lee has never granted clemency in a death penalty case before.
本周,田纳西州最高法院驳回了派克要求暂停执行死刑的请求。她的律师表示他们正在讨论下一步的行动。
Montgomery's legal challenges failed to commute her sentence, and she was executed by lethal injection in Indiana in 2021 Unless she is granted clemency by Tennessee Governor Bill Lee, Pike will be executed on 30 September. That decision is unlikely to come until the last moment, and Lee has never granted clemency in a death penalty case before.
在执行死刑当天,派克要求由一支全女性组成的团队来执行死刑。她认为被一群男性按住会加剧她的心理创伤。田纳西州方面表示,女性狱警会将她转移到执行死刑的监狱,但并未对此作出明确保证。科琳的母亲梅·马丁内斯支持对派克执行死刑的判决。
The Tennessee Supreme Court this week denied Pike's request to halt the execution. Her counsel say they have been discussing next steps. On her execution day, Pike has requested an all-female team. She says being held down by a group of men will exacerbate her trauma. The state of Tennessee has said the goal is that female guards will transfer Pike to the prison where she will be executed but hasn't guaranteed it.
“她犯了罪,她应该为此付出代价,”她在2021年接受诺克斯维尔电视台WBIR采访时说道,并在本周接受BBC采访时重申了这一观点。
Colleen's mother May Martinez supports Christa's execution.
“派克在死前应该受到应有的惩罚,”马丁内斯对WBIR表示,“如果她能感受到科琳所经历的痛苦,我会感到好受些。”J.迈尔斯·凯里/《今日美国》/路透社提供梅·马丁内斯是科琳·斯莱默的母亲。2006年,在一次定罪后的听证会上,她站在法庭外说道:“我每天都在痛苦中煎熬,因为那些记忆不断在脑海中重现,我实在无法忍受了……我希望这一切能在我去世之前发生。”
"She did the crime. I think she should pay for it," she said on Knoxville TV station WBIR in 2021, and told the BBC this week she still stands by those comments. Pike should suffer before she dies, Martinez told WBIR. "I would feel better that she felt the same pain that Colleen did." J. Miles Carey/USA TODAY/Imagn Images via Reuters May Martinez, mother of Colleen Slemmer, and a retired Knoxville Police department detective outside a courtroom for a post-conviction hearing in 2006 "My heart breaks every single day because I keep reliving it and reliving it, and I can't no more, and I want this to happen before I die," she added.
“没有一天我不思念科琳,也不忘记她的死以及她所经历的痛苦。我只希望派克能受到应有的惩罚,这样我女儿才能得到解脱,最终能够安息。”受害者权益倡导组织“正义联盟”(Justice Coalition)已经筹集资金,帮助马丁内斯前往田纳西州观看执行死刑的过程。
"There's not a day goes by that I don't think about Colleen or how she died and how rough it was. I just want Christa down so I can end it, relieve my daughter, so she finally can be resting." The Justice Coalition, a victims' rights advocacy group, has raised money to help Martinez travel to Tennessee to watch the execution.
该组织的执行董事罗伯特·布雷斯韦尔表示,这一判决是由与派克同龄人组成的陪审团作出的,这也是科琳家属的意愿。"我们坚定地站在家属一边,认为她的处决应当在9月30日按期执行。" Ashlee Sellars 在两种看似相互冲突的信念中挣扎:Colleen 的母亲有权感受到正义得到伸张,而每个人——包括她的朋友 Christa——都值得获得救赎的机会。"当我想要调和你在电视上看到的形象、或者发生在 Colleen 身上的那场可怕悲剧时,我唯一能想通的解释在于心理健康和创伤,以及人们在缺乏所需资源的时刻如何处理这些事情," Sellars 说。"这些可怕的事情发生在你年轻时,随后那些创伤在你体内流转,在我们的社区里蔓延,最终导致你伤害他人。" Sellars 在服刑期间结识了 Pike,她因参与一起抢劫谋杀案被判处 25 年徒刑。她们通过高安保单元牢门上的送餐口交谈。如今,Sellars 致力于司法改革和犯罪受害者权益倡导工作。"人们想知道每个人的生命都很重要,对吧?他们想知道 Colleen 的生命很重要," 她说。"就在这一刻,我认为 Christa 奋力抗争,更多是为了证明她的生命有意义,而不是为了活下去本身。"
The group's executive director, Robert Bracewell, said this sentence was determined by a jury of Pike's peers and it is what Colleen's family want. "We stand firm with the family that on the 30 September her execution ought to proceed." Ashlee Sellars grapples with two seemingly conflicting beliefs: that Colleen's mother has a right to feel justice has been served and that everyone, including her friend Christa, deserves a chance at redemption. "When I think about reconciling who you see on TV or the horrible tragedy that happened with Colleen, the only thing that makes sense to me is around mental health and trauma and the way that people process stuff in a moment when they don't have the things that they need," Sellars says. "These horrible things happen in your youth and then those traumas moved through you, in our community, and you cause harm to somebody else." Sellars met Pike in prison while serving a 25-year sentence for her involvement in a robbery-murder. They spoke to each other through the meal flaps in their doors on the high security unit. Now, Sellars works as an advocate for justice reform and victims of crime. "People want to know that everyone's life matters, right? They want to know that Colleen's life mattered," she says. "Christa in this moment, I think she is fighting much more for her life to matter than she is to actually live."