日常生活中出现的记忆力减退，例如找不到钥匙或忘记名字，往往被过度解读为痴呆症的早期迹象。但神经科学专家表示，如果及时处理，实际的早期认知变化可能是可逆的。
Everyday memory lapses, like misplaced keys or forgotten names, are often overinterpreted as early signs of dementia, but neuroscience experts say actual early cognitive changes may be reversible if addressed promptly.
华盛顿大学儿科与神经科学教授汤米·伍德（Tommy Wood）博士表示，轻微的健忘通常是由疲劳或压力引起的，而非神经退行性疾病的开端。
Dr. Tommy Wood, a professor of pediatrics and neuroscience at the University of Washington, said minor forgetfulness is often caused by fatigue or stress rather than the beginnings of a neurodegenerative disease.
“对大多数人来说，这仅仅是因为你压力大、疲劳，或者没有集中注意力，”伍德在纽约市最大的年度健身与健康节“Strong New York”上对福克斯新闻数字频道（Fox News Digital）表示。
"For most people, it's just because you're stressed or you're tired and weren't paying attention," Wood told Fox News Digital at Strong New York, the city's largest annual fitness and wellness festival.
医生揭示评估脑雾和痴呆症症状的“十年法则”：“如果你想记住某件事……你需要真正专注，并集中注意力。你需要告诉你的大脑，记住这件事很重要。”伍德说，记忆的形成分为三个阶段：编码（形成记忆）、巩固（储存记忆）和提取（获取记忆）。
DOCTOR REVEALS '10-YEAR RULE' FOR EVALUATING BRAIN FOG AND DEMENTIA SYMPTOMS "If you want to remember something ... you need to actually be focused, be paying attention. You need to tell your brain it's important to remember it." Wood said memory formation works in three stages: encoding (forming a memory), consolidation (storing it) and retrieval (accessing it).
他说，当一个人感到压力或睡眠不足时，问题通常出在提取阶段——记忆存在于大脑中，但个人在当下难以获取它。
When someone is stressed or sleep-deprived, the issue is typically retrieval, he said — the memory exists in the brain, but the individual struggles to access it in the moment.
相比之下，患有神经退行性疾病的人往往从一开始就无法对记忆进行编码。
In contrast, people experiencing a neurodegenerative disease often fail to encode the memory in the first place.
“哈德逊河奇迹”英雄萨利·萨伦伯格（Sully Sullenberger）揭示了他多年前忽略的阿尔茨海默病预警信号。“他们甚至不记得或没有注意到发生了什么，”伍德说。“如果你注意到有些地方不太对劲，这通常是一个好迹象。”痴呆症在临床上被定义为认知功能丧失，且严重到足以损害个人独立处理日常生活的能力。阿尔茨海默病和血管性痴呆占病例的70%至90%，许多患者同时表现出这两种疾病的迹象。
‘MIRACLE ON THE HUDSON’ HERO SULLY SULLENBERGER REVEALS ALZHEIMER’S WARNING SIGNS HE MISSED YEARS AGO "They don't even remember or notice that there's something going on," Wood said. "If you're noticing something's not quite right, that's usually a good sign." Dementia is clinically defined as the loss of cognitive function that's severe enough to impair an individual's ability to manage daily life independently. Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia account for 70% to 90% of cases, with many individuals showing signs of both. Research indicates that at least 50% of dementia cases can be prevented by modifying lifestyle and health risk factors.
研究表明，至少50%的痴呆症病例可以通过改变生活方式和健康风险因素来预防。
Key preventable risk factors include heart and metabolic health problems, as well as hearing and vision loss.
主要的可预防风险因素包括心脏和代谢健康问题，以及听力和视力丧失。
CLICK HERE TO Wood emphasized that addressing physical health issues — such as obtaining hearing aids or undergoing cataract surgery — directly lessens cognitive decline risk.
点击此处 Wood 强调，解决身体健康问题——例如佩戴助听器或接受白内障手术——可直接降低认知衰退风险。
CLICK HERE TO Wood emphasized that addressing physical health issues — such as obtaining hearing aids or undergoing cataract surgery — directly lessens cognitive decline risk.
参加我们最新的生活方式测验来测试自己 “如果你预期会衰退，你就不会做那些能防止衰退发生的事，”Wood 告诉福克斯新闻数字频道。“相信这是可能的，意味着你会真正参与这些过程，并通过这种方式，你可以预防很多这种衰退。”Wood 关注认知症状的可逆原因，这与梅奥诊所和克利夫兰诊所的指导一致，它们指出几种可治疗的疾病可能模仿早期痴呆症状或导致主观认知衰退。点击此处获取更多健康故事 常见的可逆原因包括以下几种。
TEST YOURSELF WITH OUR LATEST LIFESTYLE QUIZ "If you expect decline, you won't do the things that will prevent decline from happening," Wood told Fox News Digital. "Believing that it's possible means you'll actually engage in these processes, and then through that, you can prevent a lot of this decline." Wood's focus on reversible causes of cognitive symptoms aligns with guidance from Mayo Clinic and Cleveland Clinic, which note that several treatable medical conditions can mimic early dementia symptoms or contribute to subjective cognitive decline. CLICK HERE FOR MORE HEALTH STORIES Common reversible causes include the following.
克利夫兰诊所强调，当个体注意到“大脑迷雾”或执行功能发生变化时，早期临床干预至关重要。
Cleveland Clinic highlights that early clinical intervention is critical when individuals notice changes in "brain fog" or executive function.
“你的大脑在日常生活中的运作方式，某种程度上是你的大脑正在处理的一切的输出结果，”Wood 说。“但如果你开始注意到什么，如果需要，仍有时间做出一些改变。”
"How your brain functions on a day-to-day basis is kind of the output of everything your brain is dealing with," said Wood. "But if you start to notice something, there's still time to make some changes if you need to."