英国脱欧让直接民主名声受损。但瑞士的做法可能正是当前欧洲所需要的。法西斯主义建立在一个两步走的骗局上。首先，领袖声称自己体现了人民的意志。然后他们辩称，只有授予他们广泛的权力，才能实现这一意志。作为在瑞士长大的人，我看穿这个骗局易如反掌。因为极右翼推崇的政策很少能通过公投的考验。拆解公共资助的媒体？
Brexit gave direct democracy a bad name. But the Swiss approach could be what Europe needs now Fascism rests on a two-part confidence trick. First, a leader claims to embody the will of the people. Then they argue that only by being granted sweeping powers can that be realised. Having grown up in Switzerland, I find it easy to see through this trick. That is because the policies championed by the far right rarely pass the referendum test.
3月，62%的瑞士选民否决了一项极右翼倡议，该倡议旨在将国家公共广播机构的资金减半。削减企业税？2017年，59%的选民否决了瑞士政府的此类计划。移民警察追捕移民？
Dismantling publicly funded media? In March, 62% of Swiss voters rejected a far-right initiative to halve funding for the country’s public broadcaster. Corporate tax cuts? In 2017, 59% struck down such plans of the Swiss government. Immigration police hunting down migrants? Again, 59% rejected a far-right proposal to automatically deport foreign nationals convicted of crimes without judicial review. Or this week’s resounding 70% “No” vote on a far-right proposal to tighten Switzerland’s neutrality to the point that Bern would have been forced to drop sanctions on Russia over Ukraine.
同样，59%的选民否决了一项极右翼提案，该提案主张自动驱逐被定罪的外国人，无需司法审查。
Dismantling publicly funded media? In March, 62% of Swiss voters rejected a far-right initiative to halve funding for the country’s public broadcaster. Corporate tax cuts? In 2017, 59% struck down such plans of the Swiss government. Immigration police hunting down migrants? Again, 59% rejected a far-right proposal to automatically deport foreign nationals convicted of crimes without judicial review. Or this week’s resounding 70% “No” vote on a far-right proposal to tighten Switzerland’s neutrality to the point that Bern would have been forced to drop sanctions on Russia over Ukraine.
又或是本周高达70%的“反对”票，否决了一项极右翼提案，该提案旨在收紧瑞士的中立政策，以至于伯尔尼将被迫取消因乌克兰问题对俄罗斯的制裁。
Dismantling publicly funded media? In March, 62% of Swiss voters rejected a far-right initiative to halve funding for the country’s public broadcaster. Corporate tax cuts? In 2017, 59% struck down such plans of the Swiss government. Immigration police hunting down migrants? Again, 59% rejected a far-right proposal to automatically deport foreign nationals convicted of crimes without judicial review. Or this week’s resounding 70% “No” vote on a far-right proposal to tighten Switzerland’s neutrality to the point that Bern would have been forced to drop sanctions on Russia over Ukraine.
约瑟夫·德韦克是德国对外关系委员会的副研究员，并从苏黎世和巴黎为《卫报》欧洲版撰稿。
Joseph de Weck is an associate fellow with the German Council on Foreign Relations and writes for Guardian Europe from Zürich and Paris