克劳迪娅·乔巴努（Claudia Ciobanu）/拉法尔·尼杰齐尔斯基·多罗胡斯克（Rafal Niedzielski）/波兰一天之内，这个位于波兰边境的小镇上三次响起警报：可能有无人机或导弹从乌克兰方向飞来，居民们需要保持警惕，随时准备躲避危险。
CLAUDIA CIOBANU, RAFAL NIEDZIELSKI DOROHUSK, Poland — Three times in one day, phones lit up across this Polish border community with a warning: A drone or a missile could cross from Ukraine , and residents should stay vigilant in case they might need to take cover.
在波兰东部的多罗胡斯克村上空，蒸汽轨迹划过淡蓝色的天空，军用直升机在头顶轰鸣着飞行。距离该村仅2公里（1.24英里）的边境通道曾三次被关闭，工作人员甚至一度被紧急疏散。
Above the village of Dorohusk in eastern Poland, vapor trails cut across the pale blue sky and military helicopters rumbled overhead. Just 2 kilometers (1.24 miles) away, traffic at the border crosing into Ukraine was suspended three times, and staff were even evacuated once.
这些警报和交通中断发生在美联社（The Associated Press）访问该村的当天。它们反映了波兰东部边境的新现实：持续了四年半的乌克兰战争，其影响已经日益逼近这片地区。
The alerts and disruptions on Thursday came as The Associated Press was visiting the village. They reflected a new reality along Poland’s eastern frontier, where the war in Ukraine — now 4 1/2 years old — has felt increasingly close.
9月13日凌晨，两架俄罗斯无人机在多罗胡斯克-雅霍丁（Dorohusk-Yahodyn）边境爆炸，爆炸声在多罗胡斯克村清晰可闻，这进一步加剧了人们的恐慌。多罗胡斯克市长沃伊切赫·萨瓦（Wojciech Sawa）表示：“那晚的爆炸声让我们感到前所未有的不安和恐惧。我们从未经历过这样的情况，这也是警报器第一次响起。”
The anxiety intensified after two Russian drones exploded on the Ukrainian side of the Dorohusk-Yahodyn crossing in the early hours of Sept. 13. The explosions could clearly be heard in Dorohusk.
波兰总理唐纳德·图斯克（Donald Tusk）在9月17日警告称，俄罗斯正计划使用无人机或火箭弹对支持乌克兰的欧洲国家发动袭击；其中，包括波兰在内的边境地区在未来几个月将面临特别严重的威胁。其他欧洲领导人和情报机构也表达了类似的警告。
“There is new restlessness and fear because you could hear those explosions very well on that night in our village,” said Wojciech Sawa, the Dorohusk mayor. “We had never had something like that before. This was the first time the sirens wailed.” Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk warned on Sept. 17 that Russia was planning hybrid strikes with drones or rockets on European countries supporting Ukraine, among them Poland , and regions bordering Ukraine would be especially vulnerable in the coming months. Other European leaders and intelligence services have shared his warnings .
多年来，多罗胡斯的居民一直生活在战争的阴影之下。他们目睹了2022年俄罗斯入侵初期乌克兰难民跨境逃往波兰的情景；今年7月，一枚俄罗斯导弹曾飞越波兰东部领空，并在境内约90公里（56英里）处坠落。
In Dorohusk, people have lived in the shadow of the war for years. They watched Ukrainian refugees flee across the frontier in the early days of Russia’s 2022 invasion and, this July, had a Russian missile pass through airspace in eastern Poland before crashing some 90 kilometers (56 miles) inside the country.
但近期的无人机袭击以及波兰政府为民众应对进一步严重事件所做的准备，在当地居民中引发了一种新的不安——以及困惑。
But the recent drone attacks and the Polish government’s efforts to prepare the population for further serious incidents have brought a new sense of apprehension — and also confusion — among locals.
多胡斯库学校校长雅罗斯瓦夫·沃伊奇基表示，包括学校心理辅导员在内的教职员工如今“几乎每天”都会与学生讨论如何保持安全。
Jarosław Wójcicki, the Dorohusk school’s director, said staff, including the school psychologist, now discuss with students “practically every day” how to stay safe.
迄今为止，该校已疏散过一次。沃伊奇基展示了学校建筑地下室里的两间房间，孩子们曾在那里避难。窗户已被木板封住，以防爆炸时玻璃碎片伤人。
The school had to be evacuated once so far and Wójcicki showed the two rooms in the basement of the school building where the kids took cover. Windows had been boarded up to avoid glass shards hurting anyone in case of an explosion.
校长说：“大一点的孩子完全没有问题，也没有表现出任何特别的情绪。小一点的孩子能看出一些恐惧，但老师们照顾得很好。”沃伊奇基负责数百名从附近村庄到多胡斯库上学的儿童的安全，在描述这项任务的艰巨性时，他的声音有些颤抖。
“The older children had no problem at all, without showing any particular emotion,” the director said. “You could see a little fear among the younger children, but they were well looked after by their teachers.” Wójcicki is responsible for the safety of hundreds of children who travel from nearby villages to attend school in Dorohusk, and his voice wavered as he described the enormity of the task.
波兰国防部长瓦迪斯瓦夫·科西尼亚克-卡梅什于9月22日视察了多胡斯库-亚戈丁边境口岸，并宣布新的防空系统正被部署到边境地区。他补充说，爱国者导弹系统已部署在波兰与乌克兰接壤的两个地区，包括多胡斯库所在的地区。
Poland’s Defense Minister Władysław Kosiniak-Kamysz visited the Dorohusk-Yahodyn border crossing on Sept. 22 and announced new air defense elements were being brought to the border region. He added that Patriot batteries were deployed in the two Polish regions bordering Ukraine, including the one where Dorohusk is located.
尽管政府的警告十分严峻，但即使是最靠近乌克兰的社区，仍在加紧进行民防准备。
While the government’s warnings are stark, even communities closest to Ukraine are still catching up on civil defense preparedness.
“我们正处于建立公民韧性和国家应对威胁韧性的初期阶段，”距离多胡斯库以西90公里的卢布林市居民安全负责人米罗斯瓦夫·索卡尔说。“我们必须记住，在过去40年里，我们一直以为会生活在和平之中。”他表示，鉴于缺乏更坚固的基础设施，当面临空中威胁时，波兰人应遵守一条最基本的规则：进入室内，并在自己与窗户之间隔上两面墙。
“We are at the beginning of the process of building civil resilience and the resilience of the state to threats,” said Mirosław Sokal, head of resident safety for the city of Lublin, 90 km west of Dorohusk. “We have to remember that over the past 40 years we thought we would be living in peace.” He said, given the lack of more solid infrastructure, Poles should respect one minimal rule when there’s an air threat: get inside and put two walls between them and any window.
多罗胡斯克市长萨瓦表示，村民们通常住在带有地下室的独栋房屋里，在面临空中威胁时，那里显然是躲避的最佳场所。“如果我自己没有地下室，我的邻居很可能就有，”他说。
Sawa, the Dorohusk mayor, said villagers typically live in individual homes with basements and that is the obvious place to hide in case of air threats. “If I don’t have a basement myself, my neighbor likely does,” he said.
然而，多罗胡斯克街头的民众似乎对一旦发生真实袭击时该如何应对感到更加困惑。
But people on the streets of Dorohusk seemed more confused about their options in case of a real attack.
“目前我晚上睡得很好，所以并没有太在意，”80多岁的伊雷娜·波佩克说。她说，如果飞机真的来了，她的地下室也派不上用场，因为里面被淹了。“我根本无处可躲，就是这样。”当地一家商店的员工雷娜塔·帕斯图什科表示，她在最近一次警报响起时仍继续工作，因为面对俄罗斯的威胁，保持积极的心态更好。
“For now, I sleep well at night, so I don’t really hear it,” said Irena Popek, a woman in her 80s. If planes are coming, she said, her basement was not an option as it was flooded. “I simply have nowhere to hide, and that’s it.” Renata Pastuszo, a local shop employee, said she continued working through the recent siren alarm because it’s better to keep a positive spirit in front of the Russian threat.
另一位居民克日什托夫·鲁尔卡抱怨说，现在的警报过于频繁，让人们对警报的含义感到困惑。
Krzysztof Rulka, another resident, complained that alerts were now coming too often, leaving people confused about their meaning.
“如果有人告诉我一架无人机要在多罗胡斯克市中心爆炸，那我就知道该怎么做了，”他说。“但这种混乱的情况——乌克兰某处发生了空袭——好吧，我现在该怎么办？跑到德国去吗？”
“If someone told me that a drone was going to explode in the center of Dorohusk, then I would know what to do,” he said. “But this kind of confusion — there’s an air attack somewhere in Ukraine — well, what am I supposed to do now? Run to Germany?”