联合国大会将于周一举行高级别会议，纪念《德班宣言》通过25周年——该宣言是全球范围内打击种族歧视和不平等最全面的框架之一。
The United Nations General Assembly will hold a high-level meeting on Monday to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the Durban Declaration – one of the most comprehensive frameworks to combat racial discrimination and inequality globally.
该宣言对成员国不具有法律约束力，于2001年在南非德班举行的世界反种族主义大会上通过。这份长达153页的文件涉及全球范围内的种族主义、仇外心理以及原住民受压迫等问题。据联合国称，周一的会议预计将通过一项政治宣言。2001年《德班宣言》涉及了哪些问题？
The declaration, which is not legally binding for member states, was adopted at the 2001 World Conference Against Racism in the South African city of Durban. The 153-page document tackles racism, xenophobia, and the oppression of Indigenous people around the world. A political declaration is expected to be adopted at Monday’s meeting, according to the UN. What issues did the 2001 Durban Declaration address?
这份正式名称为《德班宣言和行动纲领》的文件，敦促成员国采取措施，消除包括种族主义和性别歧视在内的各种形式的压迫。
The Durban Declaration and Programme of Action (DDPA), as the document is officially known, urged member states to adopt measures aimed at eradicating various forms of oppression, including racism and gender-based discrimination.
这次具有里程碑意义的会议承认了历史不公，确认奴隶制和奴隶贸易属于危害人类罪，并与当代贫困和不平等现象相关联。种族隔离和种族灭绝被描述为“种族主义、种族歧视、仇外心理和相关不容忍行为的根源和表现”。该文件还呼吁与会者谴责并努力防止此类罪行再次发生。
The landmark conference recognised historical injustices, acknowledging that slavery and the slave trade are crimes against humanity and are linked to modern poverty and disparities. Apartheid and genocide were described as “sources and manifestations of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia, and related intolerance”. The document also called on participants to condemn and work to prevent the recurrence of such crimes.
宣言指出，在保护移民的努力中，移民政策不应建立在种族主义和不容忍的基础上。宣言还承认了原住民的权利。
The declaration said that policies on migration should not be based on racism and intolerance in efforts to protect migrants. It also recognised the rights of Indigenous peoples.
宣言第63条对“外国占领下巴勒斯坦人民的困境”表示关切，承认“巴勒斯坦人民不可剥夺的自决权和建立独立国家的权利”。宣言还承认“该地区所有国家，包括以色列的安全权”。
Expressing concerns about “the plight of the Palestinian people under foreign occupation”, Clause 63 of the declaration recognises “the inalienable right of the Palestinian people to self-determination and to the establishment of an independent State”. It also recognises “the right to security for all States in the region, including Israel”.
一份早期的宣言草案曾将犹太复国主义等同于种族主义，但在以色列及其西方盟友的反对下被删除。犹太复国主义是一场犹太民族主义和政治运动，起源于19世纪末的欧洲，目标是在巴勒斯坦建立一个犹太人的家园。
An early draft of the declaration had equated Zionism with racism, but it was removed following opposition from Israel and its Western allies. Zionism is a Jewish nationalist and political movement that originated in Europe in the late 19th century with the goal of creating a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
多个权利组织和学者表示，以色列针对巴勒斯坦人的政策等同于种族隔离。专家以及联合国调查委员会将以色列对加沙的战争称为种族灭绝。
Multiple rights groups and scholars say that Israeli policies against Palestinians amount to apartheid. Israel’s war on Gaza has been dubbed genocide by experts, as well as a UN commission of inquiry.
2009年4月，德班审查会议在日内瓦举行，旨在评估2001年以来的进展并应对新的挑战。2011年还举行了一次纪念十周年的会议，世界各国领导人在会上重申了打击种族主义的承诺。谁同意了该文本，谁又反对？
In April 2009, the Durban Review Conference was held in Geneva to assess progress made since 2001 and address the new challenges. A meeting was also held in 2011, marking the 10th anniversary, when world leaders reaffirmed their commitments to fight against racism. Who agreed to the text, and who opposed it?
绝大多数联合国成员国在会议结束时以协商一致方式通过了2001年的宣言。
The vast majority of UN member states adopted the 2001 declaration by consensus at the end of the conference.
美国和以色列因宣言中有关以色列和巴勒斯坦的条款而退出会议，并未支持该宣言。
The United States and Israel withdrew from the conference and did not support the declaration due to its clauses on Israel and Palestine.
宣言第65条承认“难民自愿返回家园的权利”，这是另一个潜在的争议点，因为以色列拒绝允许在1948年和1967年逃离或被驱逐的巴勒斯坦难民享有回归权。在1948年以色列建国之前，超过75万巴勒斯坦人遭到种族清洗。巴勒斯坦人将这一事件称为“纳克巴”，即“灾难”。25周年纪念会议预计会有什么内容？
Clause 65 of the declaration, which recognises “the right of refugees to return voluntarily to their homes”, was another potential point of contention, as Israel has refused to allow the right of return for Palestinian refugees who fled or were expelled in 1948 and 1967. More than 750,000 Palestinians were ethnically cleansed leading up to the establishment of Israel in 1948. Palestinians call the event the Nakba or “catastrophe”. What’s expected at the 25th anniversary meeting?
据组织此次活动的联合国人权事务高级专员办事处介绍，周一的周年纪念会议旨在提高认识、增进公众对《德班宣言和行动纲领》的了解，促进政府与社区之间的对话，并“确定动员重振政治意愿的战略”。
anniversary meeting on Monday aims to raise awareness and improve public understanding of the DDPA, facilitate dialogue between governments and communities, and “identify strategies for mobilising renewed political will”, according to the UN Office of the High Commissioner of Human Rights, which is organising the event.
此次周年纪念活动还旨在提供空间，回顾《宣言》通过以来取得的进展，并应对持续存在和新出现的挑战。
The anniversary event is also intended to provide the space to reflect on progress since the declaration and address persistent and new challenges.
该活动将在纽约联合国总部举行，并通过联合国网络电视以多种语言进行直播。
It will take place in New York City at United Nations Headquarters, and be livestreamed through UN Web TV in several languages.
本次会议的主题是“动员全球公众支持，全面有效落实《德班宣言和行动纲领》”。
me is “Mobilizing Global Public Support for the Full and Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action”.
议程包括一场关于“青年领导力”的互动小组讨论，将探讨来自边缘化种族和族裔群体的青年如何塑造公共话语、推动反种族主义行动，并动员支持以落实《德班宣言和行动纲领》。谁将出席？
The agenda includes an interactive panel discussion on “youth leadership”, which will look into how young people from marginalised racial and ethnic groups shape public discourse, advance action against racism, and mobilise support for implementing the DDPA. Who is attending?
开幕全体会议将包括第81届联大主席哈利勒·拉赫曼、联合国秘书长古特雷斯、联合国人权事务高级专员福尔克·图尔克、南非国家元首或其代表、一名非政府组织代表以及一名青年代表的发言。
The opening plenary meeting will include statements by Khalilur Rahman, the president of the 81st UN General Assembly; UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres; UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Turk; South Africa’s head of state or a representative; an NGO representative; and a youth representative.
联合国会员国、观察员国和大会观察员将参加会议结束时的一般性辩论。拟议成果是什么？
UN member states, observer states, and observers of the General Assembly will take part in the general debate at the conclusion of the conference. What is the proposed outcome?
今日拟提交的一份政治宣言草案重申了2001年《德班宣言和行动纲领》、2009年德班审查大会成果文件，以及第10届和第20届周年纪念通过的政治宣言的信息。
A draft of the political declaration set to be tabled today reaffirms the messages of the 2001 DDPA, the outcome document of the 2009 Durban Review Conference, and the political declarations adopted on the 10th and 20th anniversaries.
该草案还指出，“平等和非歧视是国际法的基本原则”，并“深切关切地确认”歧视、系统性种族主义和仇恨言论等问题日益上升。
It also says that “equality and non-discrimination are fundamental principles of international law” and acknowledges “with deep concern” the rise in issues such as discrimination, systemic racism, and hate speech.