巴黎——欧盟成员国批准了五个联合防务工业投资项目，涵盖无人机、反无人机系统以及防空和导弹防御等优先领域。这是欧盟为鼓励在防务支出方面加强合作、避免27个成员国之间重复投入所做努力的一部分。
PARIS — European Union member states approved five projects for joint defense-industrial investment in priority areas including drones and counter-drone systems as well as air and missile defense, part of efforts to encourage more cooperation on defense spending and avoid overlap in the 27-nation bloc.
欧盟理事会周一发表声明称，周一批准的五个项目现在有资格通过15亿欧元（约合17亿美元）的欧洲防务工业计划获得欧盟资金。其他入选项目涉及海上和海床防御、太空以及欧洲东翼保护等领域。
The five projects approved on Monday are now eligible for EU funding via the €1.5 billion (US$1.7 billion) European Defence Industry Program, the Council of the EU, which acts as the bloc’s co-legislator, said in a statement. The other selected projects are in the areas of maritime and seabed defense, space, and protection of Europe’s eastern flank.
欧盟委员会已为欧洲共同利益防务项目（按欧盟术语简称EDPCI）拨款3.25亿欧元，作为EDIP的一部分。尽管欧盟委员会一直在推动减少欧洲防务工业的碎片化，但成员国之间的合作因产业利益竞争而面临挑战，法德两国近期一个第六代战斗机联合开发项目的破裂便是例证。
The European Commission has allocated €325 million for European defense projects of common interest, or EDPCIs in EU lingo, as part of EDIP. While the commission has been pushing to reduce fragmentation in Europe’s defense industry, cooperation between member states has been challenging due to competing industrial interests, illustrated by the recent breakdown of a French-German project to develop a sixth-generation fighter jet.
欧盟防务事务专员安德里乌斯·库比柳斯在社交媒体平台X（原推特）上发帖称：“这些泛欧洲项目将对我们的欧盟成员国武装力量、对乌克兰以及对我们整体安全产生重要影响。”他将五个共同利益项目的获批称为“重大突破”，称这将填补欧盟的关键能力缺口，“预计资金目标”为到2036年约1900亿欧元。
“These pan-European projects will make a difference for our EU member states’ armed forces, for Ukraine and for our security as a whole,” European Commissioner for Defence Andrius Kubilius said in a post on the social-media network X, formerly He called the approval of the five projects of common interest a “major breakthrough” that will close critical capability gaps in the EU, with an “envisaged funding ambition” of around €190 billion by 2036.
据欧盟委员会介绍，EDPCI是大型项目，为成员国提供了一个框架，使其能够在单个国家无法独立承担的重大防务倡议上开展合作。这些项目的设计期限将超出当前EDIP资助期（持续至2027年）。
The EDPCIs are large-scale projects that give member states a framework to cooperate on major defense initiatives that would be too large or complex for individual countries to tackle on their own, according to the commission. The projects are designed to extend beyond the current EDIP funding period, which runs through 2027.
欧盟执行机构现在将与成员国合作实施这些项目并监督其进展，同时还预计将提供财政支持，该机构在周一的一份单独声明中表示。欧盟委员会称，平均有18个欧盟国家参与每个项目，乌克兰参与了五个项目中的四个。
The EU’s executive arm will now work with member states to implement the projects and monitor their progress, and also expects to provide financial support, it said in a separate statement on Monday. On average, 18 EU countries participate in each project, with Ukraine part of four of the five projects, the commission said.
根据欧盟委员会的一份情况说明书，名为Decoder的无人机和反无人机防御项目汇集了大多数欧盟成员国以及挪威和乌克兰。指示性总投资在2033年前约为35亿至50亿欧元。
The project on drone and counter-drone defense, with the acronym Decoder, unites most EU member states as well as Norway and Ukraine, according to a commission fact sheet. The indicative overall investment is in the range of €3.5 billion to €5 billion by 2033.
综合海上和海床防御项目（IMSD）的指示性投资规模在2045年前为430亿至720亿欧元，而太空项目正在考虑的指示性总支出在2034年前为240亿欧元。
The integrated maritime and seabed defense project, or IMSD, has an indicated investment envelope of €43 billion to €72 billion by 2045, while indicative overall spending under consideration for the space project amounts to €24 billion by 2034.
根据欧盟委员会的情况说明书，欧盟联合防空与导弹防御项目（EU-FIAMD）包含预警要素，其在2040年前的投资可能在550亿至800亿欧元之间。
Investment in the EU Federated Air and Missile Defence project, or EU-FIAMD, which includes an early warning element, could be anywhere between €55 billion and €80 billion by 2040, according to the commission fact sheet.
东翼观察项目旨在通过“全面的多域努力”加强欧盟东部边境的安全，有12个欧盟成员国以及挪威和乌克兰参与，其指示性投资在2036年前将在600亿至1000亿欧元之间。
The Eastern Flank Watch project, which aims to strengthen security on the EU’s eastern border through “a comprehensive multi-domain effort,” with participation from 12 EU members as well as Norway and Ukraine, is indicated to result in between €60 billion and €100 billion of investments by 2036.