爱达荷州双瀑布市——里克·纳雷博特（Rick Naerebout）办公室里的落地窗可以让人一览壮观的斯内克河峡谷：峡谷深达500英尺（约152米），宽达四分之一英里（约482.8米）。即使眯着眼睛，仍然能看到1974年埃维尔·克尼维尔（Evel Knievel）试图骑着装有蒸汽动力装置的摩托车飞跃峡谷时所使用的跳台遗迹。
TWIN FALLS, Idaho — The floor-to-ceiling windows in Rick Naerebout's office afford a sweeping view of the stunning 500-foot-deep, quarter-mile-wide Snake River Canyon. Squint and you can still see what's left of stunt motorcycle rider Evel Knievel's ramp from his failed 1974 attempt to jump the canyon with a steam-powered rocket on his back.
正是这一事件让双瀑布市在20世纪70年代声名鹊起。如今，这座城市及其周边肥沃的河谷地区更以农业强市而闻名，这主要得益于该州价值数十亿美元的乳制品产业。
That put Twin Falls on the map in the 1970s. But these days, Twin, as locals call it, and its surrounding fertile river plain are better known as a national agricultural powerhouse, owing largely to the state's multi-billion-dollar dairy industry.
不过，一个公开的秘密是：即使在这个以共和党势力为主的地区，当地农场也严重依赖非法移民劳动力。纳雷博特估计，该州约350家奶牛场中，约有90%的工人没有合法身份。
Today it's also an open secret — even in deeply Republican Idaho — that local farms rely heavily on undocumented immigrant labor. Naerebout estimates some 90% of the workers at the state's some 350 dairies may not have legal status.
“我们并没有抢走美国人的工作机会，”爱达荷州奶农协会的首席执行官纳雷博特说，“这些工作需要体力劳动，而且工作环境十分恶劣，因此美国人并不愿意从事这类工作。”虽然美国农民大多避开了特朗普政府推行的严厉移民政策，但随着移民执法力度的持续加大，这里的农民们越来越感到不安——因为在最近这波逮捕和驱逐行动之前，他们就已经面临劳动力短缺的问题了。
"We're not taking jobs from Americans," Naerebout, the CEO of the Idaho Dairymen's Association says.. "The jobs are physical in nature and you're out in the elements. They just don't appeal to Americans." American farmers have largely escaped President Trump's ongoing, aggressive immigration crackdown. As the ICE sweeps continue, however, farmers here and across the heartland are growing increasingly uneasy because many couldn't find enough workers even before the recent wave of detentions and deportations.
“如果政府在农业领域加强执法力度，将会严重影响到我们的食品生产能力，”纳雷博特指出。
"If we had a concerted effort to have enforcement activities within agriculture, you could really harm our ability to produce food to feed ourselves," Naerebout says.
根据律师和移民权益倡导者的说法，与许多由共和党控制的农村地区一样，爱达荷州的移民执法力度远低于其民主党主导的邻近州。
In Idaho, immigrants describe a lighter ICE presence Like a lot of rural and Republican-controlled states, Idaho has not seen the level of immigration enforcement as some of its blue state neighbors, according to interviews with attorneys and immigrant advocates.
尽管如此，每周仍有两次，ICE（美国移民与海关执法局）的驱逐航班会降落在特温福尔斯机场——这座机场位于一个小城市的南部，地处偏远乡村地区，周围环绕着农田，距离84号州际公路仅有半小时的车程。每周二和周四的中午时分，希瑟·穆斯（Heather Muth）以及一小群致力于维护移民权利的 aktivists 会在停机坪前悬挂一条横幅，上面写着：“人权至上，而非随意驱逐移民。”穆斯解释说：“这些驱逐航班的目的其实就是为了让被驱逐的移民四处流散，从而让他们的律师和家人无法找到他们。”
In Idaho, immigrants describe a lighter ICE presence Like a lot of rural and Republican-controlled states, Idaho has not seen the level of immigration enforcement as some of its blue state neighbors, according to interviews with attorneys and immigrant advocates. Still, twice a week, an ICE deportation plane lands at the tiny Twin Falls airport, in a rural area south of the small city surrounded by farm fields a half-hour drive from Interstate 84. On Tuesdays and Thursdays around noon, Heather Muth and a small group of immigration-rights activists unfurl a banner facing the tarmac that reads "Human Rights, Not Shuffle Flights." "The whole purpose of [these flights] is for them to move around so that their attorneys and their families can't find them," Muth says.
有一天下午，她通过望远镜观察到：二十多名被铐住的移民正从货车中被转移到由ICE委托的飞机上，这些移民将被送往未知的联邦拘留中心。
One afternoon, using a telescope, she counted more than two dozen Idaho detainees, in shackles, being loaded from vans onto an ICE-contracted plane, headed to unknown federal detention centers.
“这真的让人深思：这里到底发生了什么？这对我们的社区又意味着什么？”穆斯说道。
"It really makes you wonder, what's going on here and what is this doing to our community," Muth says.
这些每周一次的驱逐行动规模其实很小，并不像明尼阿波利斯的“Metro Surge”行动或洛杉矶的MacArthur Park移民执法行动那样大规模。然而，这些驱逐行动仍然给这个依赖移民劳动力的乡村地区带来了恐慌。自20世纪50年代以来，这个地区一直依赖移民劳动力来维持经济发展。
These weekly flights are pretty small. This is no Operation Metro Surge Minneapolis or the MacArthur Park immigration enforcement in Los Angeles. But the sweeps are still casting a chill across this rural farming region that has relied heavily on immigrant labor since the 1950s.
在附近的伯利（Burley）镇，情况也同样严峻：那里有牛奶加工厂和化肥厂。65岁的农场工人兼社会活动家苏珊·里奥斯（Susan Rios）的生活因ICE的执法行动而彻底改变了。她小时候从亚利桑那州来到这里务农。她的儿子和女婿因为害怕ICE的迫害，最近搬去了墨西哥。她的丈夫没有合法移民身份，因此全家决定自行离开美国。
And in nearby Burley, home to milk processing and fertilizer plants, Susan Rios' world has been upended by ICE's crackdown. The 65-year-old farmworker activist and grandmother moved from Arizona to the area as a little girl to pick potatoes. Her daughter and son-in-law, fearing ICE, recently moved to Mexico. The husband is undocumented, so the family decided to self-deport. "They were seeing how people were being detained and they did not want to take that risk," Rios says. She adds that the couple didn't want their two young daughters to potentially see their father taken away by federal agents.
“他们亲眼目睹了人们被逮捕的情景，实在不敢再冒这个风险了，”里奥斯说。她补充道，这对夫妇不希望自己的两个年幼的女儿看到父亲被联邦执法人员带走。
But since they left, Rios says things have actually been pretty quiet. Nationwide, there have only been a handful of large raids at agricultural facilities in the nearly two years since Trump's sweeps began. Rios says local farms already can't find enough workers, and it's getting worse due to the immigration crackdown.
但自从那些人离开后，里奥斯表示情况其实变得相当平静。自特朗普开始实施相关政策以来，近两年来全国范围内只有少数几次针对农业设施的大规模突击检查。里奥斯指出，当地农场已经难以找到足够的工人，而由于移民政策的收紧，这种情况还在恶化。
But since they left, Rios says things have actually been pretty quiet. Nationwide, there have only been a handful of large raids at agricultural facilities in the nearly two years since Trump's sweeps began. Rios says local farms already can't find enough workers, and it's getting worse due to the immigration crackdown.
“我告诉大家：这就是你们的机会。对于那些认为拉丁裔抢走了你们工作的人，现在就去乳制品厂或农场看看吧，我相信你们会立刻被录用。”里奥斯说。然而农民们尝试招聘当地工人，却始终找不到合适的人选；相关数据也证实了这一点。去年，爱达荷州通过名为 H2A 的临时农场工人签证计划发布了 7,500 个招聘岗位，但只有 4 名当地居民申请了这些职位。
"I tell everyone, this is your opportunity, for all those that say Latinos are taking your jobs, right now, go to a dairy, go to a farm," Rios says. "I'm sure that you will be hired immediately." Farmers try but can't find any locals to hire The data backs that up. Last year, Idaho advertised 7,500 jobs through the temporary farm worker visa program known as H2A. Only four local residents applied. Rick Naerebout says that's despite the fact that dairy jobs pay more than most service jobs in small-town America.
里克·纳尔博特（Rick Naerebout）表示，尽管乳制品厂的工资比美国小城镇里的大多数服务行业都要高，情况依然如此。
The labor crisis is even more pronounced in Idaho's dairy industry — the state is now the fourth-largest milk producer in the U.S. — because the work is year-round, not seasonal. So the industry is not eligible for those coveted temporary H2A visas and has to rely on migrant labor.
在爱达荷州的乳制品行业中，劳动力危机尤为严重——该州目前是美国第四大牛奶生产地——因为这些工作是全年性的（而非季节性的），因此该行业无法申请那些备受追捧的 H2A 签证，只能依赖外来务工人员。
"The uneasiness continues to grow," Naerebout says. "The [workers] see all this activity around them, and it's not conducive to having your workforce feel welcomed or comfortable." Idaho has also gone big for Trump in three presidential elections. Naerebout, aed Republican, says that for years, multiple administrations — including this one — have mostly looked the other way when it comes to the dairy business's mostly migrant workforce.
“人们的担忧与不安情绪持续加剧，”纳尔博特说，“工人们看到周围的一切，这让他们感到自己并不被欢迎、也不被尊重。”在过去的三次总统选举中，爱达荷州都大力支持特朗普。作为共和党人，纳尔博特指出，多年来包括现任政府在内的多个政府在对待乳制品行业（其主要依赖外来务工人员）的问题上大多选择视而不见。
"The uneasiness continues to grow," Naerebout says. "The [workers] see all this activity around them, and it's not conducive to having your workforce feel welcomed or comfortable." Idaho has also gone big for Trump in three presidential elections. Naerebout, aed Republican, says that for years, multiple administrations — including this one — have mostly looked the other way when it comes to the dairy business's mostly migrant workforce. "Where we're at now is realizing, OK, the federal government understands the world we live in, but the average Republican voter doesn't," he says.
“我们现在意识到：联邦政府虽然了解我们所生活的现实，但普通共和党选民却并不明白这一点，”他说。
The dairy industry is flexing its economic muscle, for now There's only been one known large ICE raid in Idaho since Trump returned to office. It was part of an alleged illegal gambling bust last fall at a horse racing track popular with farmworkers. There haven't been any known large farm or workplace raids here since.
乳制品行业正在展示其经济影响力，但眼下如此。自特朗普重返白宫以来，爱达荷州已知只发生过一次大规模移民及海关执法局突袭行动。那是去年秋天对一处深受农场工人欢迎的赛马场涉嫌非法赌博的突击搜查的一部分。此后，这里再没有已知的大规模农场或工作场所突袭。
The dairy industry is flexing its economic muscle, for now There's only been one known large ICE raid in Idaho since Trump returned to office. It was part of an alleged illegal gambling bust last fall at a horse racing track popular with farmworkers. There haven't been any known large farm or workplace raids here since. Nampa-based immigration attorney Brandy Perez attributes this to the dairy industry's political clout in deep-red states like Idaho.
总部位于南帕的移民律师布兰迪·佩雷斯将此归因于乳制品行业在爱达荷州这样的深红州的政治影响力。
"They have the ear of some of our legislators, our governor, and I think it's because of that that we've been able to keep the enforcement at a different level than we've seen in some of the other states," Perez says.
“他们能说动我们的一些议员、我们的州长，我认为正因如此，我们这里的执法力度才能与其他一些州有所不同，”佩雷斯说。
"They have the ear of some of our legislators, our governor, and I think it's because of that that we've been able to keep the enforcement at a different level than we've seen in some of the other states," Perez says.
一年多前，特朗普曾承诺为农民及其无证工人采取行动。“我们会建立一个体系，把他们保护起来，这样他们就不必离开，”特朗普在2025年7月承诺道。目前，纳雷布特选择相信总统的话。
More than a year ago, Trump promised action for farmers and their undocumented workers. "We're going to have a system ofg them up so they don't have to go," Trump pledged in July of 2025. For now, Naerebout is taking the president at his word.
“但尽管我们这么快就与本届政府进入了有利局面，我们也可能很快失宠，”他说。“这不是最安全的位置。”他们仍在等待总统和共和党控制的国会兑现承诺的解决方案，而国会现已休会，要到中期选举之后才复会。一项由共和党支持、获得两党支持的议案，原本要取消关键农业签证的季节性要求，却毫无进展。然而，奶牛仍然每天都要挤奶，一年到头，天天如此。
"But as quickly as we got into this favorable position with the administration, we could fall out of favor," he says. "It's not the most secure place to be." And they're still waiting for that promised fix from the President and Republican-controlled Congress, which is now in recess until after the midterm elections. A GOP-backed bill with bipartisan support that would remove the seasonal requirement for key agricultural visas has gone nowhere. And yet cows still have to be milked, every day, all year.