周一，一名联邦法官撤销了特朗普政府颁布的这项规定：该规定要求各州及某些地方政府必须对选举管理方式做出特定修改，否则联邦政府将扣留部分反恐资金。
A federal judge on Monday vacated a Trump administration rule that would hold back a portion of counterterrorism funds to states unless states and certain municipalities made certain changes to how they administer elections.
在裁决中，法官阿米尔·阿里（Amir Ali）指出，联邦紧急事务管理局（FEMA）“通过将反恐补助资金与选举管理的改革挂钩”来行使权力，这超出了其法定权限。阿里还强调，作为国土安全部下属机构的FEMA并未证明这些选举管理改革措施与打击恐怖主义之间存在直接关联。
In his ruling Judge Amir Ali said the Federal Emergency Management Agency exceeded its legal authority "by conditioning the counterterrorism grant funds on changes to routine election administration." Ali also said FEMA a division of the Department of Homeland Security, had not shown how the desired changes to election administration related to stopping terrorism.
阿里的裁决是在华盛顿地方法院作出的，该裁决是对今年8月由德克萨斯州两个县、田纳西州的一个县以及俄亥俄州哥伦布市提起的诉讼的回应。
Ali's decision in U.S. District Court in Washington came in response to a lawsuit challenging FEMA's new rule filed in August by two Texas counties, one in Tennessee, and the city of Columbus, Ohio.
代表这些诉讼原告的纽约大学布伦南正义中心（Brennan Center for Justice）在8月17日表示，FEMA的这些要求“违反了宪法，危及公共安全，并对选举安全构成威胁”。该中心当时还指出：“在过去两年中，法院多次阻止了政府试图剥夺国会和各州在选举管理方面的自主权的企图。”
The Brennan Center for Justice at New York University which represents some of the plaintiffs in the suit against FEMA and DHS, said on Aug. 17 that FEMA's conditions "violate the Constitution, jeopardize public safety, and put election security at risk." "Over the last two years, courts have largely blocked the administration's repeated attempts to seize congressional and state authority over elections," the Brennan Center said at the time.
布伦南正义中心进一步批评道：“如今，国土安全部正利用公共安全资金作为筹码，强迫各州和地方政府采纳那些政府此前试图推行但未能成功的政策。”如果FEMA的条款继续有效，被扣留的反恐资金总额将达到数千万美元。
"Now, DHS is holding public safety funding hostage in order to coerce states and local governments into adopting some of the very policies that the administration has tried and failed to impose." The Brennan Center said the funds that stood to be withheld if FEMA's conditions were allowed to remain in place totaled tens of millions of dollars.
CNBC已向布伦南正义中心及代表国土安全部和联邦紧急事务管理局的司法部寻求评论。
CNBC has requested comment from the Brennan Center and the Department of Justice, which represented DHS and FEMA.
阿里指出，FEMA于6月发布了这项规定，要求各州及其高风险地区必须对选举管理方式做出相应调整；否则联邦政府将扣留该州所获得的20%反恐资金。美国的城市地区普遍倾向于投票给民主党。
FEMA issued the rule in June requiring states "and their respective high-risk urban areas" to make certain changes to election administration or face the withholding of 20% of a state's allocation of counterterrorism funds from the federal government, Ali noted.
德克萨斯州是否能够“转向蓝色”（即变为民主党控制的州），可能取决于民主党能否有效利用民众对数据中心的反对情绪。与此同时，特朗普与中国领导人之间的紧张关系，以及美国与其他盟国之间的分歧，都在加剧美国对中国的压力。伊朗总统在联合国演讲中指责美国和以色列是全球不稳定的罪魁祸首。这些改革措施包括：
Urban areas in the U.S. vote overwhelmingly for Democrats.
- 从使用条形码或二维码的电子投票系统转向手工标记的纸质选票；
Texas turning blue may hinge on Democrats harnessing data center opposition Trump faces Xi as strains with allies complicate U.S. pressure on China Iran's president blames U.S., Israel for global instability in defiant UN speech The changes include submitting a plan for transitioning from electronic voting systems that use bar codes or QR codes to hand-marked paper ballots; conducting, under federally specified guidelines, a post-election manual audit of 5% of the ballots; and ensuring that each election jurisdiction reconciles the number of voters who voted in a federal election to the number of ballots cast.
- 根据联邦政府制定的指南，对5%的选票进行事后人工审核；
The required changes also include verifying the U.S. citizenship of all voters in the state's registration database, and the citizenship of poll workers, election administrators and election-system vendors.
- 确保每个选举辖区的选民人数与实际投出的选票数量一致。此外，这些改革还要求核实该州选民登记数据库中所有选民的美国公民身份，以及投票工作人员、选举管理人员和选举系统供应商的公民身份。
"FEMA's conditions here — which are imposed on states and localities at their own expense, rather than funded by grants, and which address routine election administration decisions rather than the types of terrorist act threats contemplated by the statute — go beyond what Congress authorized," Ali wrote.
阿里写道：“联邦紧急事务管理局（FEMA）提出的这些要求是由各州和地方政府自行承担费用的，而非通过拨款来实施的；这些要求主要针对常规的选举管理问题，而非法律中规定的恐怖主义威胁。这些要求超出了国会的授权范围。”
"For example, the defendants say the ... condition requiring states to adopt FEMA's proposed citizenship-verification procedures in maintaining lists ofed voters 'ensures that only U.S. citizens are voting in U.S. elections,'" Ali wrote.
阿里进一步指出：“例如，被告方声称，要求各州采用FEMA提出的公民身份核实程序‘能确保只有美国公民才能在美国的选举中投票’；但这一规定并未解释为何这些措施能与‘增强抵御恐怖袭击的能力’这一目标相关联。”
"But it never explains how that condition, or any of the others, is tied to the goal of shoring up vulnerabilities to terrorist attacks," the judge said.
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