巴黎，9月29日——法国中右翼总统候选人爱德华·菲利普周二提议将退休年龄提高至65岁，并强制要求民众进行私人养老储蓄，从而着手解决法国政治上最具爆炸性的议题之一。
PARIS, Sept 29 - French centre-right presidential candidate Edouard Philippe proposed on Tuesday raising the retirement age to 65 and making private pension savings compulsory, tackling one of France's most politically explosive issues.
养老金改革在法国极为敏感。当地劳动者依靠由当代缴费者供款的公共现收现付制度，而私人养老储蓄仍属自愿且金额有限。
Pension reform is highly sensitive in France, where workers rely on a public, pay-as-you-go system funded by current contributions, and private retirement savings remain voluntary and limited.
法国是退休年龄最低的发达国家之一，目前为62.9岁。随着人口老龄化，法国养老金制度正陷入赤字，改革也因此成为2027年4月至5月总统选举的主要战场。
With one of the lowest retirement ages in advanced countries at 62.9 years, France's pension system is sliding into deficit as the population ages, making reform a major battleground in the April-May 2027 presidential election.
菲利普表示，为恢复制度收支平衡，他将在十年内把退休年龄提高至65岁，并将法定缴费年限延长至45年；目前这一年限根据出生日期不同，为42.5年至43年。
To restore balance, Philippe said he would raise the retirement age to 65 within a decade and extend required contributions to 45 years, up from 42.5 to 43 years currently, depending on date of birth.
对于从事体力劳动强度较高的工作或特别早就开始工作的人员，将适用一些例外规定，这意味着每三名劳动者中就有一人可以在60岁至64岁之间退休。
Some exceptions would apply for people with physically demanding jobs or who started working particularly young, meaning one out of three workers would be able to retire between 60 and 64.
菲利普在一段 YouTube 视频中说：“我非常清楚，在法国，让人们延长工作年限并不是很受欢迎的做法。如果任由我国的财政状况恶化，我们将所有人都会付出代价。”菲利普还表示，他将强制要求民众进行养老储蓄，就像许多其他国家一样，并由国家向年轻劳动者的储蓄计划注资，以示激励。
"I am well aware that saying people need to work longer is not very popular in France," Philippe said in a YouTube video. "If we allow our country's financial situation to deteriorate, we will all pay the price." Philippe said he would also make retirement savings compulsory, as is common in many other countries, with the state contributing to young workers' savings plans as an incentive.
菲利普曾在总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙任内出任总理，但目前在各项民调中难以打开局面。周二发布的一项调查显示，他未能进入5月6日的总统选举决选，得票落后于激进的左翼人物让-吕克·梅朗雄以及极右翼领跑者玛琳·勒庞。
Philippe, a former prime minister during President Emmanuel Macron's first term, is struggling to gain momentum in the polls. One survey published on Tuesday showed him not making it to the May 6 runoff, trailing hard-left firebrand Jean-Luc Mélenchon and far-right frontrunner Marine Le Pen.
他曾在2020年差点推动养老金改革落地，但因新冠疫情而被搁置。马克龙后来颁布了一项改革，逐步将退休年龄从62岁提高到64岁，但去年作为对社会主义者的让步，该改革被暂停，以争取他们支持通过2026年预算。
He came close to pushing through a pension overhaul in 2020, before it was shelved due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Macron later enacted a reform gradually raising the retirement age from 62 to 64, but it was suspended last year as a concession to Socialists to pass the 2026 budget.