保罗·怀斯曼 华盛顿报道——美国劳工部周二报告称，美国雇主在8月份发布的职位空缺有所减少，但在应对与伊朗冲突导致的能源成本上升时，美国劳动力市场依然保持了韧性。
PAUL WISEMAN WASHINGTON — U.S. employers posted fewer job openings in August, but the American labor market remains resilient in the face of higher energy costs caused by the fighting with Iran.
美国8月职位空缺从7月份修正后的734万降至708万。这一数据低于预测人士预期的720万，创下自3月份达到690万以来的最低纪录。
U.S. job openings slid to 7.08 million from a revised 7.34 million in July, the Labor Department reported Tuesday. Openings came in below the 7.2 million that forecasters had expected and were the lowest since they hit 6.9 million in March.
劳工部的职位空缺及劳动力流动调查（JOLTS）还显示，8月份裁员人数有所下降，而辞职人数（反映对自身前景信心的指标）几乎没有变化。JOLTS报告中衡量总招聘人数（在扣除辞职或失业人数之前）的指标在8月份略有回升。
The department’s Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) also showed that layoffs fell and the number of people quitting their jobs — a sign of confidence in their prospects — was little changed in August. The JOLTS report’s measure of gross hiring — before subtracting people who quit or lost their jobs — ticked up modestly in August.
尽管受到伊朗战争带来的能源冲击，美国就业市场依然稳健，尽管并不算惊艳。招聘情况已从糟糕的2025年反弹。今年迄今为止，雇主（包括企业、非营利组织和政府机构）平均每月增加8万个工作岗位。这比去年每月平均9,700个工作岗位的表现有所改善，当时高利率以及对唐纳德·特朗普总统贸易政策的不确定性抑制了企业的招聘意愿。
The U.S. job market is sturdy, though unspectacular, despite an energy shock from the Iran war. Hiring has rebounded from a miserable 2025. Employers — businesses, nonprofits and government agencies — have added an average 80,000 jobs a month so far this year. That is an improvement on the 9,700-a-month average last year when high interest rates and uncertainty about President Donald Trump’s trade policies discouraged businesses from hiring.
劳工部将于周五发布下一份就业报告，预计该报告将显示美国9月份净增95,000个工作岗位，这一数字虽然稳固，但低于8月份令人意外的162,000个。根据数据公司FactSet对预测人士进行的调查，由于大多数美国工人享有罕高度的就业安全感，失业率很可能保持在4.1%的低位。
When the Labor Department releases its next jobs report on Friday, it is expected to show that the United States added 95,000 net jobs in September, solid but down from a surprising 162,000 in August. The unemployment rate likely stayed a low 4.1% as most American workers enjoy an unusual degree of job security, according to a survey of forecasters by the data firm FactSet.
雇主可能没有在裁员，但他们的招聘规模已远不及几年前。目前的招聘人数仍远低于2023年至2024年期间平均每月创造16.6万个工作岗位的水平，更是远低于COVID-19封锁结束后2021至2022年招聘热潮期间创下的每月49.1万个岗位。
Employers may not be laying workers off, but they aren’t hiring nearly as many as they did a few years ago. Hiring remains well below the 166,000 monthly jobs created, on average, in 2023 and 2024, and the 491,000 a month recorded during the 2021-2022 hiring boom that followed COVID-19 lockdowns.