世界卫生组织（WHO）周二表示，尽管报告的病例数有所下降，但2025年全球霍乱死亡人数仍上升了30%，达到二十多年来的“最高年度水平”。
Global cholera deaths rose 30% in 2025 despite a decline in reported cases, reaching their "highest annual level" in more than two decades, the World Health Organization (WHO) said Tuesday.
根据世卫组织最新的全球趋势数据，去年有47个国家报告了451,499例霍乱病例和7,870例死亡病例，创下了自1999年以来向该机构报告的最高年度死亡人数纪录。
According to the WHO's latest global trends, 47 countries reported 451,499 cholera cases and 7,870 deaths last year, marking the highest annual death toll reported to the agency since 1999.
联合国公共卫生机构警告称，这些数字基于报告的监测数据，由于存在漏报情况，其实际全球负担被认为要高得多。
The UN public health agency cautioned that the figures are based on reported surveillance data, and the actual global burden is believed to be substantially higher due to underreporting.
安哥拉、孟加拉国、刚果民主共和国、尼日利亚、南苏丹、苏丹和也门约占所有报告病例和死亡人数的90%。
Angola, Bangladesh, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Nigeria, South Sudan, Sudan and Yemen accounted for around 90% of all reported cases and deaths.
非洲承受了最重的负担，与2024年相比，报告病例上升了34%，死亡人数激增了58%。
Africa bore the heaviest burden, with reported cases rising 34% and deaths surging 58% compared with 2024.
世卫组织卫生紧急项目执行主任奇克韦·伊黑克韦祖（Chikwe Ihekweazu）表示：“霍乱死亡人数的上升提醒我们，未来的挑战依然严峻。”他补充说：“当我们拥有预防和治疗这种疾病的手段时，今天就不应该有人死于霍乱。”
"The rise in cholera deaths is a reminder of the challenge ahead," said Chikwe Ihekweazu, executive director of WHO's Health Emergencies Program. "No one should be dying from cholera today when we have the tools to prevent and treat this disease," he added.
超过五分之一的报告霍乱死亡病例发生在医疗机构之外，这表明许多患者未能及时获得救治。
More than one in five reported cholera deaths occurred outside health facilities, indicating that many patients failed to reach care in time.
世卫组织表示，口服霍乱疫苗的产量已从2022年的约3000万剂增加了一倍多，在2025年达到每年约8000万剂。
The WHO said oral cholera vaccine production more than doubled from around 30 million doses in 2022 to approximately 80 million annually in 2025.
脑膜炎、鼠疫 世卫组织称，2025年，非洲脑膜炎监测网络中的26个国家中有24个报告了21,526例疑似病例和971例死亡病例，病死率为4.5%。在同时报告2024年和2025年数据的国家中，病例下降了5.9%。
Meningitis, plague In 2025, the WHO said 24 of 26 countries in the African meningitis surveillance network reported 21,526 suspected cases and 971 deaths, a fatality rate of 4.5%. Among countries reporting data in both 2024 and 2025, cases fell 5.9%.
该机构表示，疫苗接种大幅减少了由A群脑膜炎奈瑟菌引起的流行性脑脊髓膜炎，在接种过疫苗的人群中，病例下降了99%以上，且自引进了该疫苗的国家以来，自2017年起便再无确诊病例报告。
According to the agency, vaccination has sharply reduced meningococcal meningitis caused by serogroup A, with cases falling by more than 99% among vaccinated populations and no confirmed cases reported since 2017 in countries that introduced the vaccine.
一种涵盖五种菌株的更广泛疫苗目前正在用于疫情应对和预防性接种活动，尼日尔将于2025年成为首个开展全国接种活动的国家。
A broader five-strain vaccine is now being deployed for outbreak response and preventive campaigns, with Niger becoming the first country to conduct a nationwide campaign in 2025.
与此同时，2019年至2025年间，10个国家报告了3860例疑似人间鼠疫病例和423例死亡，病死率为11%。刚果民主共和国和马达加斯加占病例总数的97.7%。
Meanwhile, between 2019 and 2025, 10 countries reported 3,860 suspected human plague cases and 423 deaths, corresponding to an 11% fatality rate. The Democratic Republic of Congo and Madagascar accounted for 97.7% of cases.
世界卫生组织强调，持续的监测和快速的疫情应对仍然至关重要，尤其是在鼠疫仍呈地方性流行的地区。
The WHO stressed that continued surveillance and rapid outbreak response remain essential, particularly in areas where plague remains endemic.