玛丽·克莱尔·亚洛尼克 华盛顿——美国铸币局于2025年停止制造美分硬币，而参议院通过并即将提交给唐纳德·特朗普总统签署的一项立法，将在历经234年后正式终止其生产。
MARY CLARE JALONICK WASHINGTON — The U.S. Mint stopped making pennies in 2025 , but legislation passed by the Senate and headed to President Donald Trump’s desk will formally end their production after 234 years.
该法案于周一晚间通过口头表决获得通过，指令政府停止制造美分硬币，从而为特朗普政府去年停止生产该货币的决定提供了法律层面的认可。美分是1792年铸币局成立后最早生产的硬币之一，随着数字交易日益普及，其生产成本变得越来越昂贵，且使用的消费者也越来越少。
The bill, passed by voice vote late Monday, directs the government to not make pennies, giving a legal stamp of approval to the Trump administration’s decision to stop producing the currency last year. The penny, among the first coins to be made after the Mint was established in 1792, has become increasingly expensive to produce and is used by fewer and fewer consumers as digital transactions have become more standard.
预计特朗普将签署该法案。他去年在社交媒体上发文称，美国生产1美分硬币的时间已经“太长了”。铸币局表示，目前生产一枚美分硬币的成本接近4美分，停止制造这些硬币每年将直接节约5600万美元。
Trump is expected to sign the bill. He wrote in a social media post last year that the U.S. has produced the 1-cent coin for “far too long.”The Mint says that production of a penny now costs almost 4 cents and that ceasing to make them would generate immediate savings of $56 million annually.
这项名为《常识法案》（The Common Cents Act）的两党法案由密歇根州共和党众议员莉萨·麦克莱恩和加利福尼亚州民主党众议员罗伯特·加西亚联合发起。
The bipartisan bill, called The Common Cents Act, was sponsored by Reps. Lisa McClain, R-Mich., and Robert Garcia, D-Calif.
加西亚表示：“在消除浪费和确保我们的税金被明智使用方面，停止制造一种生产成本几乎是其面值四倍的硬币是完全符合常理的。”
“When it comes to taking on waste and making sure our tax dollars are spent wisely, it’s common sense that we should stop making a coin that costs nearly four times more than it’s worth to produce,” Garcia said.
美分目前仍在流通，正式停止生产并不意味着消费者或商店不能再使用它们。铸币局表示，其在2024年生产了32亿枚美分硬币。
Pennies are still in circulation, and the formal end to their production doesn’t mean consumers or stores can’t use them. The Mint said it made 3.2 billion pennies in 2024.
该法案概述了随着美分逐步退出流通而适用于商店的新程序，并允许商店将交易金额向上或向下四舍五入至最接近的5美分。
The bill outlines new procedures for stores as pennies are phased out, and it allows them to round transactions up or down to the nearest 5 cents.
随着美分流通量的减少，零售商一直在大力推动该法案，以消除面临诉讼的威胁。
Retailers had pushed for the bill to eliminate the threat of lawsuits as penny circulation has dwindled.
零售商团体联盟今年早些时候在致众议院领导人的一封信中写道：“由于流通中的美分短缺，全国各地的企业都面临着连锁反应，在无法凑齐正整零钱时，如何处理现金交易一直处于持续的不确定之中。”
“Businesses across the country have faced cascading impacts from the lack of pennies in circulation, operating under constant uncertainty about how to handle cash transactions when exact change is unavailable,” a coalition of retailer groups wrote to House leaders in a letter earlier this year.
该法案还将允许政府在生产五分硬币时使用内层锌，随着一美分硬币逐步退出流通，五分硬币的流通量可能会增加。目前的五分硬币由镍和铜制成，这比锌成本更高。
The bill would also allow the government to use an inner layer of zinc when producing the nickel, which could increase in circulation as the penny is phased out. The 5-cent coin is currently made from both nickel and copper, which is more expensive than zinc.