巴黎——9月30日发布的一份年度报告称，气候变化正日益重塑极地海洋，北极水域迅速升温，海冰面积缩小，地球两端的野生动物栖息地正在丧失。
PARIS - Climate change is increasingly reshaping the polar oceans, with Arctic waters warming rapidly, sea ice shrinking and wildlife losing habitat at both ends of the planet, an annual report said on Sept 30.
哥白尼海洋状况报告描绘了全球海洋发生的深刻变化，从地中海和黑海破纪录的热浪，到海洋生态系统的转变以及海水酸度不断加剧。
The Copernicus Ocean State Report depicts profound changes across the world’s seas, from record-breaking heatwaves in the Mediterranean and Black seas to shifts in marine ecosystems and increasingly acidic waters.
负责运营欧盟哥白尼海洋服务的墨卡托海洋国际公司总干事皮埃尔·巴吕雷尔表示：“信息非常明确。海洋正在迅速变化。”
“The message is very clear. The ocean is changing rapidly,” said Pierre Bahurel, director general of Mercator Ocean International, which runs the European Union’s Copernicus Marine Service.
全球变暖的一些更剧烈影响正在极地发生，极地约占全球海洋表面积的20%。
Some of the more dramatic effects from global warming are taking place in the poles, which occupy around 20 per cent of the global ocean surface.
根据第十份年度海洋报告，1982年至2024年间，北极海面和海冰表面温度合计上升了4.2摄氏度，平均每十年上升约1摄氏度。相比之下，全球海表温度平均每十年上升0.12摄氏度。
The Arctic’s combined sea surface and sea-ice surface temperature rose 4.2 deg C between 1982 and 2024, or around 1 deg C per decade, according to the 10th annual oceans report. By comparison, global sea surface temperatures have been increasing by 0.12 deg C per decade.
在西伯利亚北部的卡拉海，自1982年以来，温度已上升6.7摄氏度，平均每十年上升1.68摄氏度。
In the Kara Sea north of Siberia, temperatures have climbed by 6.7 deg C since 1982, or 1.68 deg C per decade.
随着气温升高，自1979年以来，北极海冰面积平均每十年减少近50万平方公里，相当于每10年损失一个西班牙大小的区域。
As temperatures rise, Arctic sea ice has shrunk by nearly half a million square kilometres per decade since 1979, equivalent to losing an area the size of Spain every 10 years.
报告警告称，冰层退缩使北极海岸线暴露于波浪之下，加剧了海岸侵蚀，并增加了沿海社区和基础设施面临的风险。
The retreating ice exposes Arctic coastlines to waves, worsening coastal erosion and raising risks for coastal communities and infrastructure, the report warned.
海洋报告主任卡琳娜·冯·舒克曼在媒体简报会上表示：“自20世纪80年代初以来，北极海冰一直在减少，导致约60%的沿海基础设施面临侵蚀和海平面上升的威胁。”
“The Arctic sea ice has been declining since the early 80s, leaving around 60 per cent of coastal infrastructure vulnerable to erosion and sea level rise,” Karina von Schuckmann, director of the oceans report, said in a media briefing.
与此同时，南极洲的冰层损失正威胁着这片冰封大陆上的企鹅种群。
Ice loss in Antarctica, meanwhile, is threatening penguin populations on the frozen continent.
报告称，2022年南极海冰面积创下历史新低，恰逢首次记录到帝企鹅大规模繁殖失败。
Record-low Antarctic sea ice in 2022 coincided with the first-ever recorded large-scale breeding failure of emperor penguins, the report said.
帝企鹅的生存、捕猎及繁殖都依赖于稳定的海冰；如果它们的幼崽在长出防水羽毛之前掉入冰冷的海水中，就会死亡。
Emperor penguins rely on stable sea ice to live, hunt and breed and their chicks can perish if they fall in freezing water before developing waterproof feathers.
今年4月，国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）——全球负责保护濒危野生动物的权威机构——将帝企鹅的保护状况从“近危”级别提升为“濒危”级别。
In April, emperor penguins were upgraded from “near threatened” to “endangered” by the IUCN, the global authority on threatened wildlife.
如果海冰持续以目前的速度减少，到2100年，超过90%的帝企鹅种群可能会面临灭绝的威胁。
More than 90 perc ent of emperor penguin colonies could be near-extinct by 2100 if sea ice loss persists at its current rate.