事后看来，这仿佛像是发生在另一个宇宙：早在二十年前，俄罗斯与欧洲航天局就开始讨论合作研制下一代载人飞船。
In what seems like an alternate universe in hindsight, Russia and the European Space Agency began discussing collaboration on next-generation crewed spacecraft two decades ago.
根据协议，欧洲将提供一套服务舱，为可搭载最多六名乘员的返回舱提供动力。
Under the agreement, Europe would have provided a service module to power a crew capsule carrying up to six passengers.
欧洲最终决定当时不推进载人飞船项目，而俄罗斯国家支持的航天公司俄罗斯航天局（Roscosmos）则选择独自推进。
Europe ultimately decided not to pursue a crewed spacecraft project at the time, and Russia's state-backed space corporation, Roscosmos, chose to move ahead with a crewed spacecraft on its own.
这个项目——看起来始终更像“波将金村”，而不是一项真正涉及实体硬件研制的计划——多年来先后采用了多个名称：PPTS（Perspektivaya Pilotiruemaya Transportnaya Sistema，“前瞻性载人运输系统”）：2009年使用的最初概念项目名称；PTK NP（Pilotiruyemy Transportny Korabl Novogo Pokoleniya，“新一代载人运输飞船”）：一直使用至2016年的官方技术名称；Federatsiya（“联邦”）：通过公开征集选定、并于2016年1月公布的正式名称；Orel / Oryol（“鹰”）：2019年9月采用的新名称，当时俄罗斯航天局由德米特里·罗戈津领导。也许终于可以进行实体硬件测试了？
This project—always seemingly more of a Potemkin village than an effort encompassing real hardware—has gone under various guises over the years: PPTS (Perspektivnaya Pilotiruemaya Transportnaya Sistema / Prospective Piloted Transport System): The initial conceptual project name used in 2009 PTK NP (Pilotiruyemy Transportny Korabl Novogo Pokoleniya / New Generation Piloted Transport Ship): The official technical designation used until 2016 Federatsiya (Federation): The official name chosen following a public contest and announced in January 2016 Orel / Oryol (Eagle): A new name adopted in September 2019 when Roscosmos was under the control of Dmitry Rogozin Actual hardware tests, maybe?
除了不断更名和涌现大量渲染图之外，在经历近20年的工作后，“鹰”号飞船究竟是否真正有了进展？
Beyond the name changes and a flood of renderings, after nearly 20 years of work, then, is anything actually happening with the Eagle spacecraft?