赔偿金倡导者坚称，联邦政府必须向美国奴隶制的黑人后代提供直接现金支付，并警告称，在保守派和特朗普政府的阻力日益增加之际，扩大资格范围可能会削弱这一运动。
Reparations advocates are insisting that the federal government provide direct cash payments to Black descendants of American slavery, warning that broadening the eligibility scope risks diluting the movement amid growing resistance from conservatives and the Trump administration.
“现金支付——这只是一个小解决方案，但它也是一个巨大的解决方案，因为如果没有现金支付，就没有赔偿，”美国“自由人项目”（U.S. Freedmen Project）的支持者菲利斯·科奇曼（Phyllis Coachman）牧师在接受福克斯新闻数字频道（Fox News Digital）采访时表示。
"Cash payments — that’s just a little solution to it, but it’s a big solution because without cash payments, there’s no reparations," Rev. Phyllis Coachman, a supporter of the U.S. Freedmen Project, told Fox News Digital.
科奇曼补充说：“[奴隶制]于1865年结束，但那之后还发生了那么多其他事情。在奴隶制之后，重建时期瓦解了，我们经历了吉姆·克劳法、法定种族隔离、剥夺政治权利、我们遭遇了私刑、种族恐怖、对黑人财产和社区的破坏、住房歧视、划定红线歧视区、歧视性贷款、财富积累的障碍……毒品战争以及大规模监禁。”
"[Slavery] ended in 1865, but so many other things happened after that," Coachman added. "After slavery, the collapse of Reconstruction, we had Jim Crow, we had legal segregation, disenfranchisement, we had lynching, we had racial terror, destruction of Black property and communities, housing discrimination, redlining, discriminatory lending, barriers to wealth building …. the war on drugs, and mass incarceration."
在纽约州赔偿听证会上，“奠基性”黑人与左翼倾向团体发生冲突，现场爆发混乱代表自称“奠基性美国黑人”（foundational Black Americans）的组织——美国“自由人项目”致力于向公众普及这样一种区别：即美国奴隶制直接后代的黑人与自愿移民到该国的黑人之间存在不同。
CHAOS ERUPTS AT NY REPARATIONS HEARING AS ‘FOUNDATIONAL’ BLACK AMERICANS CLASH WITH LEFT-LEANING GROUPS The U.S. Freedmen Project, an organization representing self-identified "foundational Black Americans," works to educate the public on the distinctions between Black Americans who are direct descendants of enslaved persons in the U.S. and those who immigrated to the country voluntarily.
根据其官方网站，该组织是一个无党派组织，旨在实现19世纪“自由人局”（Freedmen’s Bureau）和“自由人储蓄信托公司”（Freedmen’s Savings and Trust Company）未竟的使命。支持者认为，范围更广的赔偿法案有违宪法原则，并坚称州和联邦官员必须严格以血统作为资格标准的依据。
According to its official website, the group is a nonpartisan organization seeking to fulfill the abandoned missions of the 19th-century Freedmen’s Bureau and the Freedmen’s Savings and Trust Company. Supporters argue that broader reparations bills risk violating constitutional principles, contending instead that state and federal officials must base eligibility criteria strictly on lineage.
这场辩论正值多个州和地方政府探索旨在补偿黑人居民历史种族不公的赔偿计划之际。伊利诺伊州埃文斯顿——芝加哥的一个郊区——成为美国首个提供直接补救措施的城市，向符合条件的黑人居民提供最高2.5万美元的购房补助和现金支付，以解决遗留的住房歧视问题。
The debate comes as several state and local governments explore reparations initiatives intended to compensate Black residents for historic racial injustice. Evanston, Illinois — a Chicago suburb — became the first U.S. city to offer direct remedies, providing up to $25,000 in homeownership grants and cash payments to eligible Black residents to address legacy housing discrimination.
赔偿倡导者安妮特·威尔科克斯反驳了那些将直接现金支付视为政府施舍的批评者，她认为“施舍”一词被选择性地使用，以贬低黑人的诉求。
Reparations advocate Annette Wilcox pushed back against critics who frame direct monetary payouts as government handouts, arguing the term is used selectively to delegitimize Black claims.
威尔科克斯告诉福克斯新闻数字版：“对于那些说现金支付是施舍的人，我的想法是，这是一个向各种人群提供了数万亿美元作为赔偿的政府。”
"My thoughts about people who say cash payments are handouts is this is a government that has given trillions of dollars to all sorts of people as reparations," Wilcox told Fox News Digital.
“我们有针对9·11事件的赔偿。我们还有——即使是那些在大萧条和股市崩盘后并非严格意义上的赔偿，也有估计5万亿美元的计划、资金和补救措施发放给民众——当时90%都流向了白人——所以，‘施舍’这个词，坦率地说，是对黑人的侮辱。”威尔科克斯补充道：“政府对其对公民——在这个国家被奴役的黑人——所做的事情负有责任，它需要为此承担责任，就像它承认自己对原住民、日本人以及许多其他已获赔偿群体所做的事情一样。”
"We have reparations for 9/11. We've had — even things that aren't reparations after the crash and the Depression, there was an estimated $5 trillion in programs, money and remedies given to people— 90% went to White people at that time — so handouts are you know, just a frankly an insult that people give to Black people." "The government has a responsibility for what it did to the citizens — the Black people who were enslaved in this country — and it needs to own up to it just like it owned up to what it did to the Native Americans, the Japanese and many other groups that it has given reparations to," Wilcox added.
部分纽约黑人要求现金支付，称其为唯一的“真正”正义形式福克斯新闻数字版此前曾参加纽约州赔偿补救措施社区委员会在长岛亨普斯特德高中举办的一场公开听证会。在听证会上，居民警告委员会官员，将赔偿的定义扩大到包括近期移民或其他边缘化群体，存在被挪用运动的风险。
SOME BLACK NEW YORKERS DEMAND CASH PAYMENTS AS ONLY 'TRUE' FORM OF JUSTICE Fox News Digital previously attended a public hearing hosted by the New York State Community Commission on Reparations Remedies at Hempstead High School on Long Island. During the hearing, residents warned panel officials that expanding the definition of reparations to include recent immigrants or other marginalized groups risks co-opting the movement.
纽约委员会的成立源于州长凯西·霍楚尔于2023年12月签署立法，设立州级小组以审视纽约的奴隶制遗留问题并评估潜在补救措施。
The New York commission was established after Gov. Kathy Hochul signed legislation in December 2023 creating a state panel to examine the legacy of slavery in New York and evaluate potential remedies.
在长岛作证的人士中，美国自由民运动支持者奥布里·穆罕默德呼吁为每位符合条件的个人明确支付80万美元。"我们需要为每一位基础性黑人美国人提供80万美元。这很简单，"穆罕默德告诉福克斯新闻数字频道。"在纽约，这大约是能让你买得起房、创办小企业或帮你摆脱财务困境的生活成本。"
Among those who testified in Long Island, U.S. Freedmen movement supporter Aubrey Muhammad called for an explicit payout amount of $800,000 per eligible individual. "We need $800,000 for each foundational Black American. That's simple," Muhammad told Fox News Digital. "In New York, that's about the cost of living that'll get you a home, a small business, or help you recover from financial duress."
芝加哥郊区居民盼望赔偿解决"负担能力压力"，因黑人人口锐减 然而，美国自由民项目主席德文·普林斯指出，此类数字反映的是为解决全国财富差距而做出的更广泛努力，而非标准基准数字。尽管如此，普林斯坚持认为直接补偿不可商量。"如果你认为自己是真正的美国人，那么就不应该对因伤害而进行的直接货币补偿有任何抵制和反驳，"普林斯说。"这需要通过向美国自由民提供直接货币补偿来修复。"
CHICAGO SUBURB LOCALS HOPE REPARATIONS ADDRESSES 'AFFORDABILITY PRESSURES' AS BLACK POPULATION DWINDLES However, Devine Prince, president of the U.S. Freedmen Project, noted that such figures reflect broader efforts to address the national wealth gap rather than standard baseline figures. Still, Prince maintained that direct compensation remains non-negotiable. "If you count yourself as a true American, then there should be no pushback and no rebuttals for direct monetary compensation for the harm that was done," Prince said. "That needs to be repaired through direct monetary compensation to American freedmen."