东京——日本最近一轮通货膨胀正在影响从啤酒、婴儿配方奶粉到薯片和香烟等各种商品的价格。由于工资上涨、日元贬值以及能源和物流成本飙升，从周四开始，多家企业上调了3000多种食品和饮料产品的价格。
TOKYO -- Japan's latest wave of inflation is hitting everything from beer and baby formula to potato chips and cigarettes, as companies increased prices on more than 3,000 food and drink products from Thursday in response to higher wages, a weaker yen and soaring energy and logistics costs.
这些涨价措施由Calbee、Glico、Yakult和Starbucks等知名企业实施，将进一步增加消费者的负担，并为日本央行进一步加息提供理由。税收政策的调整也推高了低麦芽啤酒和加热烟草产品的价格。
The hikes -- implemented by household names including Calbee, Glico, Yakult and Starbucks -- will add to pressure on consumers and strengthen the case for further interest rate hikes by the Bank of Japan. Tax changes are also pushing up the cost of low-malt beer and heated tobacco products.
Calbee宣布从本月起上调其Miino油炸豆类零食的价格；其招牌薯片的价格则从11月起上涨。Ezaki Glico从10月起将其164种零食、加工食品等产品的价格上调了3%至15%，其中包括Pretz、Collon和Bisco等热门品牌。益生菌饮料品牌Yakult也上调了12种产品的价格；现在一盒Yakult 400 Men-eki Chokatsu的价格为630日元（约合3.99美元），比之前的560日元上涨了12.5%。
Megmilk Snow Brand以包装成本上升为由，上调了其婴儿配方奶粉的价格，纯牛奶配方奶粉的价格从每罐2,618日元涨到了3,010日元，涨幅达到了15%。
Calbee announced price hikes on Miino deep-fried bean snacks for delivery from this month as well as higher prices for its signature potato chips from November. Ezaki Glico is raising prices on 164 snacks, processed food and other items, including popular brands Pretz, Collon and Bisco, by 3% to 15% in shipments from October.
根据Teikoku Databank对195家食品和饮料企业的调查，共有3,153种产品的价格发生了变动。这一数据尚未包括烟草和旅游景点门票等其他也在涨价的商品类别。
Probiotic drink brand Yakult pushed up the prices of 12 products. A seven-pack of Yakult 400 Men-eki Chokatsu is now 630 yen ($3.99), up 12.5% from 560 yen. Megmilk Snow Brand hiked the prices of its baby formula products, citing a rise in packaging costs as a reason, with its Pure milk formula rising from 2,618 yen per can to 3,010 yen -- a 15% increase.
许多企业都受到了地缘政治冲突、日元贬值以及工资上涨所带来的成本上升的影响。在Teikoku Databank的调查中，约66%的涨价是由于物流成本增加所致，64%是由于能源成本上升，51%是由于劳动力成本上升；另有约28%的涨价明确归因于中东地区的局势。
According to a survey of 195 food and beverage companies by Teikoku Databank, there were price hikes for 3,153 items in total. This does not include some of the other categories that are also increasing prices, such as tobacco and entry fees to tourist attractions.
根据日本银行的最新数据，8月份日本的生产者价格指数（PPI）较去年同期上涨了7.6%。自4月以来，进口商品的价格每月同比涨幅均超过20%；这些上涨的成本正在逐渐转嫁给消费品。
Many companies are affected by higher costs stemming from geopolitical conflicts, the weak yen and higher wages. In Teikoku Databank's survey, about 66% of price hikes were due to logistics costs, 64% because of higher energy costs and 51% by labor costs. Some 28% of price hikes were explicitly attributed to the Middle East situation.
大和研究所的经济学家中村加奈子表示，10月通常是许多企业上调价格的时间节点（因为这个月份处于日本财年的中间阶段），但由于成本上升，今年的涨价幅度尤为明显。她指出，工资上涨对消费者价格的影响“逐年增强”，从而对服务价格产生了上行压力。
According to the Bank of Japan's latest data, Japan's producer price index rose 7.6% from the previous year in August. Import prices have been rising by over 20% every month on the year since April. Such costs are gradually being passed downstream onto consumer products.
在考虑加息时机时，中村预计10月份的核心通胀率（即剔除新鲜食品和能源后的通胀率）将从8月份的1.9%升至超过日本央行设定的2%的目标水平。
October is a month when many companies tend to raise prices because it is the mid-point of a Japanese fiscal year, but the hikes are particularly pronounced this year due to rising costs, said Kanako Nakamura, an economist at the Daiwa Institute of Research. The impact of higher wages on consumer prices are "getting more powerful every year," putting upward pressure on prices of services, she said.
根据日本经济研究中心9月份的一项调查，经济学家们预测2027年10月至12月期间的核心通胀率为2.52%，2027年1月至3月期间的核心通胀率为3.08%。预计从4月份开始，随着消费税的减免，这些价格指标将会下降。在其他相关公告中：
As the Bank of Japan contemplates the timing of its rate hikes, Nakamura estimates that the October core-core inflation rate -- an indicator of prices excluding fresh food and energy -- will go over the central bank's 2% price target, from 1.9% in August.
Lion公司计划将包括Clinica牙膏和牙刷在内的159种产品的价格上调至多25%；
Economists' average projected core inflation rate, which excludes fresh food, was 2.52% for the October-December period, and 3.08% for January-March of 2027, in a September survey by the Japan Center for Economic Research. The price indicators are expected to decline from April, when there will be consumption tax cuts.
Starbucks Coffee将从10月9日起将其饮料价格上调4日元至35日元，食品价格上调10日元至30日元；
In other announcements, Lion will raise prices on 159 items, including Clinica toothpaste and toothbrushes, by up to 25%. Starbucks Coffee will push up the price of its drinks by 4 yen to 35 yen, and its food by 10 yen to 30 yen from Oct. 9.
名古屋市的752个公共设施（包括名古屋城堡、东山动物园和植物园等旅游景点）的入场费用也将上涨；其中名古屋城堡的入场费将从500日元涨至1000日元；
Other increases include entry and other fees to 752 public facilities in Nagoya, including tourist destinations Nagoya Castle and the Higashiyama Zoo and Botanical Gardens. Nagoya Castle's entry fee is doubling from 500 yen to 1,000 yen.
东京高速公路运营商Metropolitan Expressway将标准车辆的通行费从每公里29.52日元上调至32.47日元（涨幅为10%）。
Tokyo highway operator Metropolitan Expressway raised the price of expressway tolls by 10% from 29.52 yen to 32.47 yen per kilometer for standard vehicles.
日本烟草公司将把其 Ploom 烟弹的价格上调 40 日元，原因是加热烟草税上涨。一包 20 支装的 Evo Deep Regular 将上涨 6.9%，从 580 日元涨至 620 日元。
Japan Tobacco is raising the prices of its Ploom tobacco sticks by 40 yen, due to higher taxes on heated tobacco. An Evo Deep Regular pack of 20 sticks will go up 6.9% from 580 yen to 620 yen.
从周四起，低价啤酒——即使用极少或不使用麦芽、作为普通啤酒廉价替代品的产品——将因税率上调而涨价。税率现已在所有啤酒品类间统一，导致 350 毫升装低麦芽啤酒涨价 7.26 日元，而同规格普通啤酒则下降 9.1 日元。
From Thursday, low-budget beer that use little or no malt -- a cheaper alternative to regular beer -- will rise in price due to an increase in tax rates. The rates are now unified for all categories of beer, resulting in a 7.26 yen hike for a 350-milliliter can of low-malt beer and a 9.1 yen drop for regular beer of the same size.
税制变动将引发其他部分酒类涨价，例如起泡酒和酸嗨——一种通常以烧酒为基酒、添加水果风味的碳酸饮料。
Tax changes will trigger price hikes for some other alcoholic beverages, such as sparkling wines and chuhai a carbonated drink usually made with shochu liquor and fruit flavoring.