一名联邦法官周三裁定，在2021年1月6日国会山骚乱中捍卫国会大厦的两名警官没有资格起诉，因为他们的名字——以及其他应急人员的名字——没有出现在纪念执法部门应对此次袭击的牌匾上。
A federal judge ruled Wednesday that two police officers who defended the U.S. Capitol on Jan. 6, 2021, have no standing to sue over their names — and those of other first responders — not appearing on a plaque commemorating law enforcement's response to the attack.
美国地区法官达布尼·弗里德里希（Dabney Friedrich）表示，她将批准国会大厦建筑管理员（Architect of the Capitol）提出的动议，以“缺乏管辖权”为由驳回前国会警察哈里·邓恩（Harry Dunn）和现役华盛顿特区大都会警察局警官丹尼尔·霍奇斯（Daniel Hodges）的诉讼。
U.S. District Judge Dabney Friedrich said she would grant the Architect of the Capitol's motion to dismiss former U.S. Capitol policeman Harry Dunn and active D.C. Metropolitan Police Officer Daniel Hodges's lawsuit "for lack of jurisdiction."
法院文件显示，这两名警官因名字缺失而起诉了建筑管理员，因为该牌匾仅列出了派遣人员捍卫国会大厦的执法机构和组织，“并附有一个二维码，访客可以扫描该二维码以获取警官们的姓名”。
The two officers sued the architect over the missing names, as the plaque only lists law enforcement agencies and organizations that sent personnel to defend the Capitol "alongside a QR code that visitors may scan to access the officers' names," court documents show.
牌匾上的文字写道：“受一个心怀感激的国会委托，本牌匾旨在表彰在2021年1月6日勇敢保护和捍卫这一民主象征的杰出个人。他们的英雄主义将永远被铭记。”
Text on the plaque reads: "On behalf of a grateful Congress, this plaque honors the extraordinary individuals who bravely protected and defended this symbol of democracy on January 6, 2021. Their heroism will never be forgotten."
该牌匾原本计划永久陈列在“国会大厦西侧”，但截至3月，它被临时放置在“不对公众开放的参议院侧翼”。
The plaque was also planned to be permanently visible "on the western front of the Capitol" but is temporarily displayed in "the non-public Senate wing" as of March.
由前总统乔治·W·布什任命的法官弗里德里希指出，诉讼资格是“从起诉时开始评估的”。
Friedrich, a former President George W. Bush appointee, noted that standing is "assessed from the time of the complaint."
她写道：“由于这些警官在提起本诉讼时缺乏诉讼资格，本法院缺乏主体管辖权，因此必须驳回该案。”
"Because the officers lacked standing when they commenced this action, this court lacks subject-matter jurisdiction and must dismiss the case," she wrote.
她断言，在安装牌匾时，这两名警官都没有受到可认定的伤害，并驳回了他们的论点，即建筑管理员“加剧了”他们自1月6日以来所经历的“心理创伤”。
She asserted that neither officer had a cognizable injury at the time of the plaque's installation and dismissed their argument that the architect had "exacerbated 'psychic injuries'" they have experienced since Jan. 6.
邓恩和霍奇斯还辩称，不承认个人的服役事迹助长了其他人对这些警官应对行动的“骚扰和诋毁”。
Dunn and Hodges also argued that not recognizing individual service emboldened others to "harass them and disparage" the officers' response.
弗里德里希写道：“可以肯定的是，这些警官与牌匾的联系比广大公众要紧密得多。他们不是‘随便什么人’……”他们是国会试图表彰的军官之一。这使他们对于政府是否按照国会规定的方式承认其服役经历，产生了可以理解且极具个人意义的关切。她继续指出：“但第二项条款下的诉讼资格‘并非以当事人的利益强度来衡量’。它要求存在实际损害……即使建筑师未能安装铭牌促成了军官们的损害，军官们仍需证明，强制安装该铭牌‘有可能’缓解这些损害。”
"To be sure, the officers have a far more personal connection to the plaque than the public at large," Friedrich wrote. "They are not 'just any person' ... they are among the very officers Congress sought to honor. That gives them an understandable and deeply personal interest in whether the government recognizes their service in the manner Congress prescribed." "But Article II standing 'is not measured by the intensity of the litigant's interest,'" she continued. "It requires an injury in fact ... Even if the Architect's failure to install the plaque contributed to the officers' injuries, the officers would need to show that mandating its installation would be 'likely' to alleviate those injuries."
军官们最初就铭牌安装延迟提起诉讼。前总统拜登于2022年签署了一项法律，要求设立铭牌以表彰在袭击中保卫国会的军官，并规定安装期限为一年。然而，铭牌始终未被竖立。直到今年三月，铭牌才最终安装。长达数年的延迟促使霍奇斯和邓恩分别起诉国会建筑师，要求其在参议院翼楼“公众可进入”的区域“醒目地展示”该纪念碑。军官们辩称，该铭牌处于“隐蔽”状态。
The officers initially filed a lawsuit over a delay in installing the plaque. Former President Biden signed a law in 2022 requesting a plaque to honor the officers who defended the Capitol during the attack, giving its installation a one-year deadline. But the plaque was never erected. It was finally installed in March of this year, with the years-long delay prompting Hogdes and Dunn's to separately sue the Architect of the Capitol to "prominently display" the memorial in a "publicly accessible" area in the Senate wing. The officers argued that the plaque was "hidden."