随着全球石油供应持续收紧、燃油价格飙升，得克萨斯州州长因柴油短缺宣布进入紧急状态。
As global oil supplies continue to tighten and fuel prices soar, the governor of Texas declared a state of emergency over a shortage of diesel fuel.
宣布进入紧急状态可以赋予政府临时修改某些政策以保护广大民众的能力：就得克萨斯州而言，这包括豁免对所谓染红柴油的限制。得克萨斯州州长格雷格·阿博特于周一发布了一份紧急通知。
Declaring a state of emergency can unlock a government’s ability to temporarily modify certain policies in order to protect the general public: in the case of Texas, this includes waiving restrictions on what’s known as dyed diesel. Governor Greg Abbott of Texas issued an emergency notice on Monday.
通知称：“柴油短缺对得克萨斯州公众的健康和安全构成了迫在眉睫的威胁或损害。”
“The shortage of diesel fuel poses an imminent threat or occurrence of harm to the public health and safety in the State of Texas,” the notice says.
“柴油短缺将对农业和牧业产生有害影响，表现为提高每英亩土地实现同等产量所需的成本、减少对农牧业机械的投资，并推高供应链费用。”阿博特还指出，卡车司机和建筑公司正面临不断上涨的成本，这使得他们难以维持运营或投入新项目。
“A shortage of diesel fuel will impose harmful effects upon the agriculture and ranching industries by increasing the price per acre to achieve similar yields, reducing investment in farm and ranch machinery, and driving up supply chain expenses.”Abbott also states that truckers and construction companies are facing higher costs that are making it difficult to maintain operations or spend on new projects.
在此之前，由于美国与伊朗开战导致霍尔木兹海峡屡次关闭，供应承受压力，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普曾威胁要禁止美国柴油出口。
This also comes after U.S. President Donald Trump threatened to ban exports of U.S. diesel as supplies come under strain as a result of the repeated closure of the Strait of Hormuz from his war with Iran.
罗特曼管理学院运营管理杰出教授奥费尔·巴伦表示，美国正试图通过在任何可能的地方利用其对能源的影响力，来维持其超级大国的地位。
Opher Baron, a distinguished professor of operations management at the Rotman School of Management, says the U.S. is trying to maintain its presence as a superpower by using its leverage on energy wherever it can.
巴伦说：“如果你看一下美国政权在过去12个月左右的一些国际行动，它们非常关注能源市场。”
“If you look at some of the international actions of the U.S. regime over the last 12 months or so, they are very much focused on the energy market,” says Baron.
“显然，在下个月即将到来的中期选举之前，这一主要目标面临着压力。”得克萨斯州正在发生什么变化？
“Obviously, before the midterm elections coming up next month, there is pressure on this main goal.”What's changing in Texas?
阿博特表示，他的政府正在采取具体措施，暂停某些监管措施，包括使用染色柴油、限制商业运输载重以及部分柴油排放标准，以在全球柴油供应紧张的情况下提供财政缓解。
Abbott says his government is taking specific steps to suspend certain regulatory measures, including the use of dyed diesel fuel, weight limits on commercial shipping, and some standards for diesel emissions in order to provide financial relief amid a global diesel squeeze.
获取突发国内新闻。巴伦表示，这些措施可能为美国消费者和企业提供一些短期缓解，但它们是否属于可持续的负担能力解决方案尚不明确。
Get breaking National news Baron says these measures could provide some short-term relief for American consumers and businesses, but whether or not they are sustainable affordability solutions is unclear.
染色柴油因添加了用于标识其主要用于非道路用途（如农业和建筑）的添加剂，颜色确实呈红色，这类用途无需缴纳机动车燃料税。
Dyed diesel is, literally, reddish in colour because of an additive used to identify it as fuel used mainly for off-road purposes, such as agriculture and construction, which does not require a motor-fuels tax.
放宽对染色柴油在道路上使用的限制，允许企业将其非道路燃料库存用于商业道路运输，从而绕过零售燃料税成本，否则他们将面临创纪录的高柴油价格。
Easing restrictions on the use of dyed diesel on the road allows for businesses to tap into their off-road fuel stocks for commercial road transport purposes and bypass retail fuel tax costs, where they would otherwise face record-high diesel prices.
该公告还规定，装载燃料、农产品或木材产品且总重不超过95,000磅的车辆，无需因尺寸或重量超标而额外申请州级许可证。
The proclamation also states that vehicles loaded with fuel, agricultural or timber products weighing up to 95,000 pounds will not be required to carry additional state permits for being oversized or overweight.
最后，州长正式请求美国环境保护署豁免适用于得克萨斯州的某些柴油燃料规则，他表示这将取消对可销售柴油种类的部分限制，并请求豁免以允许更多燃料进入该州的加油站。
Finally, the governor formally requested the Environmental Protection Agency to waive certain rules for diesel fuel that apply in Texas, which he says will remove some limits on which diesel can be sold, and he requested a waiver to allow more fuel to reach pumps in the state.
“需要考虑的是，这是否会对经济的其他部分产生次级影响？因为如果你实施一项政策，在一处提供缓解，却在另一处造成压力，那么就该质疑该政策的有效性，”TD Economics的经济学家马克·埃科尔奥说。
“What needs to be considered is, does this have any second round impacts on other parts of the economy? Because if you’re going to put a policy in place that provides relief in one place, but provides strain in another, then it’s worth questioning the effectiveness of that policy,” says economist Marc Ercolao at TD Economics.
“就得克萨斯州的情况而言，它很可能会对柴油领域产生局部的积极影响。但如果这会对其他燃料产生其他影响，你最终可能会处于一个相互抵消的点上，即既无益处，也无害处。” 据报道美国威胁禁止欧盟柴油出口，除非释放战略储备燃料 面对脑损伤诉讼，六旗乐园永久退役X2过山车 律师称克里斯塔·派克还活着并正在接受“拯救生命的医疗护理” 在油价和债券收益率上涨的背景下，人工智能的乐观情绪正推动科技股上涨 类似措施在加拿大行得通吗？
“In this case of Texas, it very well may have local positive impacts in the diesel space. But should that have other impacts in other fuels, you might just end up at an offsetting point where it was neither a benefit nor a detriment.”U.S. reportedly threatens EU diesel export ban unless reserve fuel released Six Flags permanently retires X2 roller coaster amid brain injury lawsuits Christa Pike is alive and receiving ‘life saving medical care,’ lawyers say AI optimism is fueling tech stocks amid rising oil prices and bond yields Could similar measures work in Canada?
加拿大的消费者和企业也在应对更高汽油和柴油价格带来的压力，加拿大央行警告称，油气价格保持高位的时间越长，这些更高价格就越有可能反映在食品、住房以及几乎所有其他领域。
Canadian consumers and businesses are also grappling with higher gas and diesel prices, and the Bank of Canada has warned that the longer these oil and gas prices remain elevated, the more likely those higher prices will be reflected in other areas like food, housing, and just about everything else.
联邦政府已将燃油消费税的暂停征收期延长至2027年1月底。该政策于今年早些时候推出时，立即为普通汽油、柴油以及航空燃油的加油价格带来了缓解。随后，该税将于2027年2月1日至3月31日期间按50%的税率恢复征收。但柴油价格的上涨速度一直快于普通汽油。
The federal government has extended a pause on the fuel excise tax until the end of January 2027, which brought immediate relief at the pumps for both regular and diesel fuels as well as jet fuels when it was introduced earlier this year. The tax will then return at a 50 per cent rate from Feb. 1 through March 31, 2027. But diesel prices have been climbing faster than regular gasoline.
根据加拿大自然资源部的数据，在加拿大，全国柴油平均价格在每升2.60加元左右徘徊，高于上个月的2.35加元以及一年前的约1.54加元。
In Canada, the national average for diesel fuel is hovering around C$2.60 per litre, according to Natural Resources Canada, up from $2.35 last month, and about $1.54 a year ago.
根据加拿大汽车协会的数据，加拿大全国普通汽油平均价格约为每升1.75加元，高于上个月的1.71加元和一年前的1.35加元。
The Canadian national average price for regular gas is about $1.75 per litre, according to the Canadian Automobile Association, up from $1.71 last month and $1.35 a year ago.
保守党领袖皮埃尔·波利耶夫尔建议，通过将全面的燃油消费税减免延长至明年7月1日并取消燃油购买中的GST（商品和服务税），至少在加拿大国庆日之前取消所有柴油销售税。
Conservative Leader Pierre Poilievre has proposed eliminating all tax on diesel sales until at least Canada Day by extending the full fuel excise tax cut until July 1 of next year and removing the GST from the purchase of fuel.
埃科尔劳（Ercolao）表示，在加拿大，由于该国具备较强的炼油能力以及生产更多柴油的能力，那些针对特定市场的“快速解决方案”（比如在德克萨斯州实施的措施）可能并不那么必要；相比之下，税收减免措施可能会更加有效。
Ercolao says niche quick-fixes, like in Texas, may not be as necessary in Canada because of the country’s refining capacity, or ability to produce more diesel for consumption, and tax relief measures may be more effective.
“我们在这里看到的大部分缓解措施都是通过税收政策以及国内消费来实现的——也就是说，加拿大能够依靠自身的生产和炼油能力来满足国内的需求，”埃科尔劳说道。
“Most of the relief measures that we have seen here have been through taxes and domestic consumption, like being able to meet our domestic demand through our own production and refining,” says Ercolao.
“就目前的税收减免政策而言，它们确实为消费者和企业带来了实实在在的好处（尤其是在柴油价格方面）。这些政策对消费者和企业来说都是积极的。”
“As far as the current tax relief goes, it’s definitely providing that relief at the pump, and for diesel as well. Those are net positive for consumers and businesses.”
——摘自《加拿大新闻社》（The Canadian Press）的报道
– with a file from The Canadian Press