俄罗斯正筹划迄今最猛烈的一击，企图让乌克兰陷入冰封乌克兰向欧洲伙伴展示了其所称截获的俄罗斯计划，该计划意图在今年冬季切断多个城市的电力、供暖和供水。
Russia Is Planning Its Most Powerful Blow Yet to Try to Freeze Ukraine Ukraine showed European partners what it said were intercepted Russian plans to cut off major cities from power, heat and water this winter.
数月来，乌克兰官员一直警告民众做好迎接可能是战时最艰难冬季的准备。他们说，俄罗斯将利用越来越强大的武器，企图瘫痪该国的电网。首次大规模袭击原定在深秋、初寒时节到来时发动。
For months, Ukrainian officials have warned people to brace for what could be their hardest winter at war. Russia, they said, would use its ever more powerful weapons to try to cripple the country’s power grid. The first big strike was expected later this fall, with the first bite of cold.
俄罗斯并没有等到那时。周三黎明前，导弹和无人机猛击一座大型热电厂及其他能源设施，爆炸声震动了乌克兰首都基辅。到早晨，已有多个社区断水断电。
Russia did not wait that long. Before dawn on Wednesday, missiles and drones slammed into a large thermal power plant and other energy facilities, shaking the Ukrainian capital, Kyiv, with explosions. By morning, several neighborhoods were without power and water.
乌克兰官员表示，这次袭击标志着俄罗斯新一轮攻势的开端，企图让乌克兰城市陷入寒冷与黑暗，最终目标是击垮民众士气并瘫痪乌克兰的战争能力。俄罗斯每年都会发动类似攻势，但成效不一。如今，在即将到来的冬季，俄罗斯已储备大量弹道导弹和喷气式无人机，而乌克兰一直难以拦截这些武器。
The attack, Ukrainian officials said, marked the opening salvo of a new campaign to plunge Ukrainian cities into cold and darkness, with the ultimate goal of breaking people’s morale and crippling the war effort. Russia has waged similar campaigns each year, with mixed results, but it is approaching this winter armed with stocks of ballistic missiles and jet-powered drones that Ukraine has struggled to intercept.
据两名了解此次演示内容的人士称，乌克兰能源部长杰尼斯·什梅哈尔两周前在巴黎向欧洲伙伴展示的一份文件，凸显了俄罗斯企图以严寒迫使乌克兰屈服的野心规模。
The scale of Russia’s ambition to freeze Ukrainians into submission is evident in a document that the Ukrainian energy minister, Denys Shmyhal, showed to European partners in Paris two weeks ago, according to two people familiar with his presentation.
这些人士表示，什梅哈尔称这份文件是一份被截获的俄罗斯计划，旨在通过一系列有步骤的袭击导致乌克兰能源系统崩溃。《纽约时报》获得了该计划的一份副本。文件描述了一场动用多达1000枚导弹、架无人机和炸弹的袭击行动，目标是包括输变电站、水电厂、火电厂和锅炉房在内的广泛设施。
Mr. Shmyhal, the people said, described the document as an intercepted Russian plan to cause the energy system to collapse through methodical attacks. The plan, a copy of which The New York Times obtained, describes a campaign of strikes using up to 1,000 missiles, drones and bombs. They would target a wide range of facilities, including electrical substations, hydroelectric and thermal power plants, and boiler houses.
最令人警惕的是，文件称，俄罗斯意图通过向连接这些核电站与电网的开关站发射导弹，迫使乌克兰三座仍在运行的核电站停运，而它们是该国电力基础设施的支柱。这些开关站距离反应堆不到一英里。
Most alarming, the document says that Russia intends to force Ukraine’s three operating nuclear plants — the backbone of its power infrastructure — to shut down by firing missiles at the electrical switchyards that connect them to the grid. The switchyards sit less than a mile from the reactors.