随着中期选举临近，一些选民担心移民执法人员会出现在投票站。华盛顿——随着提前投票已经开始，一些选民担心的问题是，在选举日期间，移民执法人员在投票站可能扮演什么角色（如果有的话）。
As midterm elections approach, some voters are worried about immigration enforcement officers at polling places WASHINGTON -- With early voting already underway, a question worrying some voters is what role — if any — immigration enforcement officers might have at polling places through Election Day. Department of Homeland Security officials say they don't plan to send immigration enforcement officers en masse to patrol the polls and dismissed concerns that they plan to do so as “fearmongering."
美国国土安全部官员表示，他们并不打算大规模派遣移民执法人员去巡逻投票站，并驳斥了有关他们计划这样做的担忧，称其为“散布恐惧”。选举法律专家表示，联邦法律明确禁止政府在选举地点部署任何武装部队、特工或官员，除非是为了“击退美国的武装敌人”，而这一门槛极高。
Election legal experts say federal law clearly prevents the government from deploying any armed troops, agents or officers to election sites except to “repel armed enemies of the United States,” a high bar to clear. But organizations who represent Latino, Black and Asian American voters say the rhetoric and ICE's own activity make them worried at a time the number of immigration arrests is soaring as President Donald Trump carries out his mass deportation agenda.
但代表拉丁裔、黑人和亚裔美国选民的组织表示，在唐纳德·特朗普总统推行大规模驱逐计划导致移民逮捕人数激增之际，相关的言论以及美国移民及海关执法局（ICE）自身的行动让他们感到担忧。
During congressional testimony earlier this year, the then-acting head of Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Todd Lyons, and the head of Customs and Border Protection, Rodney Scott, said they had no plans to send officers to the polls.
在今年早些时候的国会证词中，时任美国移民及海关执法局代理局长的托德·莱昂斯和美国海关及边境保卫局局长罗德尼·斯科特表示，他们没有计划派遣官员前往投票站。莱昂斯此后已离职。
Lyons has since left the position. A Department of Homeland Security official also told state election administrators that immigration agents will not be stationed at the polls for the midterms.
国土安全部的一位官员也告诉州选举管理人员，移民特工不会在中期选举期间驻扎在投票站。
In September, DHS Secretary Markwayne Mullin accused Democrats of “fearmongering” in raising concerns over ICE officers going to polling places.
9月，国土安全部部长马克韦恩·穆林指责民主党人在提出对ICE官员前往投票站的担忧时是在“散布恐惧”。他表示，官员们不会去广泛地巡逻或监控投票站，但可能会因特定原因前往，例如在持有逮捕令的情况下逮捕某人，或应对某种威胁。
He said officers won't go to patrol or monitor polling places broadly, but could go for specific reasons such as arresting someone if they have a warrant or are responding to a threat. Earlier this year, Attorney General Todd Blanche, who was then the deputy attorney general, also weighed in on the issue, saying: “Why are there objections to sending ICE officers to polling places? Illegals can't vote.”
今年早些时候，时任司法部副部长的托德·布兰奇（Todd Blanche）也对此发表了意见，他表示：“为什么有人反对派遣美国移民与海关执法局（ICE）的官员到投票站呢？非法移民本来就没有投票权。”
Trump, who has repeatedly raised the specter of widespread illegal noncitizen voting even as research and investigations show it is incredibly rare, hasn't said he would direct ICE officers to be at polling places but also hasn't ruled it out.
特朗普多次声称存在大规模的非法非公民投票现象，尽管相关研究和调查表明这种情况极为罕见。他既没有明确表示会派遣 ICE 官员到投票站，也没有排除这种可能性。5 月份，当被问及是否会在 11 月派遣国民警卫队或 ICE 官员到投票站时，他表示：“我会采取一切必要措施来确保选举的公正性。我们必须确保选举的公正性。”
When asked in May if he would send the National Guard or ICE to voting locations in November, he said: “I’d do anything necessary to make sure we have honest elections. We have to have honest elections.”In a Time magazine interview published Thursday, Trump responded, “Haven't thought of it,” when asked if he planned to dispatch ICE agents to polling places. The Department of Homeland Security, in a statement to The Associated Press, said people in the country legally have “nothing to fear" and that: “ICE is not planning operations targeting polling locations. ICE conducts intelligence-driven targeted enforcement, and if an active public safety threat endangered a polling location, they may be arrested as a result of that targeted enforcement action.”
在周四出版的《时代》（Time）杂志采访中，当被问及是否计划派遣 ICE 官员到投票站时，特朗普回答说：“我还没有考虑过这个问题。”
The Department also said they are "laser focused on prosecuting and removing aliens who vote and preventing the dilution of the votes of U.S. citizens.”
美国国土安全部在给美联社的一份声明中表示，合法居留美国的人“无需担心”，并称：“美国移民和海关执法局（ICE）并未计划针对投票站开展行动。ICE执行的是基于情报的定向执法，如果存在危及投票站的公共安全威胁，相关人员可能会因该定向执法行动而被捕。”
Federal law dating to the Civil War prohibits “troops or armed men” from being deployed to places where elections are being held “unless such force be necessary to repel armed enemies of the United States.”
该部门还表示，他们“高度专注于起诉和驱逐参与投票的外国人，并防止美国公民的选票被稀释。”
“It is completely and obviously illegal,” said David Becker, a former U.S. Justice Department attorney who leads the nonprofit Center for Election Innovation & Research.
追溯至南北战争时期的联邦法律禁止在举行选举的地方部署“军队或武装人员”，“除非有必要动用此类武力来击退美国的武装敌人。”
“As soon as there is an armed individual at a polling place, there will be a court action; jurisdictions are preparing for it.”
“这完全且显然是非法的，”曾任美国司法部律师、现领导非营利组织“选举创新与研究中心”的大卫·贝克尔（David Becker）表示，“一旦投票站出现武装人员，就会引发法律诉讼；各司法管辖区对此已有准备。”总部位于华盛顿的非营利组织“竞选法律中心”的投票倡导与合作主任乔纳森·迪亚兹（Jonathan Diaz）表示，他的团队将该法律的适用范围解读为包括任何进行投票的地方，包括投票站、提前投票中心、投票箱以及递交选票的选举办公室。
Jonathan Diaz, director of voting advocacy and partnerships at the Washington-based nonprofit Campaign Legal Center, said his group interprets the law to include anywhere voting occurs, including polling places, early voting centers, drop boxes and election offices where ballots are delivered. He thinks even the narrow scenarios Mullin laid out, such as ICE officers pursuing an individual warrant at the polls, are legally dubious.
他认为，即使是马林（Mullin）所提出的狭窄情境，例如ICE官员在投票站执行个人逮捕令，在法律上也是站不住脚的。“该法规并未为常规执法行动预留例外，”他说。
“The statute does not carve out exceptions for routine law enforcement,” he said. If ICE officers are near, but not at, the polls, it would raise legal questions that have not yet been considered, Diaz said.
迪亚兹表示，如果ICE官员出现在投票站附近而非站内，将会引发尚未被考量的法律问题。但还有其他几项禁止选民恐吓的联邦和州法规可能适用。
But there are several other federal and state statutes barring voter intimidation that could apply. Local election officials addressed the possibility of federal agents showing up at the polls during a gathering this week in the nation's capital and said they had been preparing for it.
地方选举官员在本周于首都举行的一次会议上讨论了联邦特工出现在投票站的可能性，并表示他们已为此做好了准备。
Dean Logan, who oversees Los Angeles County's elections, said while he welcomes people monitoring the election process, he does not want distractions for voters trying to cast their ballots.
负责监督洛杉矶县选举的迪恩·洛根（Dean Logan）表示，虽然他欢迎人们监督选举过程，但他不希望选民在投票时受到干扰。
“We’re going to make sure that we have boots on the ground to make sure the voter is not disrupted in that process,” he said during the meeting of the Partnership for Large Election Jurisdictions.
“我们将确保在现场部署人员，以保证选民在投票过程中不会受到干扰，”他在大型选举司法管辖区伙伴关系会议上说道。
Trump administration critics point to the president’s comments saying he thinks Republicans should “take over the voting in at least 15 places.”
特朗普政府的批评者指出，总统曾发表言论称，他认为共和党人应该“接管至少15个地方的投票工作”。他们还注意到，包括右翼播客主持人史蒂夫·班农（Steve Bannon）在内的一些特朗普长期盟友，对美国移民及海关执法局（ICE）出现在投票站表示欢迎。
They also note some longtime Trump allies, including right-wing podcaster Steve Bannon, welcoming an ICE presence at the polls. Dan Freeman, litigation director for the Democratic National Committee, agrees there is a low likelihood of immigration agents at voting locations, but his team is prepared to go to court should the administration try.
民主党全国委员会诉讼主任丹·弗里曼（Dan Freeman）同意移民执法人员出现在投票站的可能性很低，但他的团队已做好准备，如果政府试图这样做，他们将诉诸法庭。
“President Trump is not willing to rule it out. Secretary Mullin is not willing to rule it out. And so we have to be ready," Freeman said.
“特朗普总统不愿排除这种可能性。马林部长也不愿排除这种可能性。因此，我们必须做好准备，”弗里曼说。
Activists who have filed lawsuits to prevent any ICE presence at polling locations say the rhetoric from the administration and its allies coupled with months of immigration enforcement activities have left Latino, Asian American, Black and other voters concerned.
那些已提起诉讼以阻止ICE出现在投票站的活动人士表示，政府及其盟友的言论，加上数月来的移民执法活动，已让拉丁裔、亚裔美国人、黑人和其他选民感到担忧。
Activists say many Latinos, even U.S. citizens, already limit everyday activities because they are worried about ICE.
活动人士称，许多拉丁裔人士，即使是美国公民，也因为担心ICE而限制了日常活动。他们表示，在选举日散布恐惧并不需要太多动作。
They say it doesn't take a lot to spread fear on Election Day. Juan Proaño who heads the League of United Latin American Citizens, said ICE doesn't have to show up in force at numerous sites.
联合拉丁美洲公民联盟负责人胡安·普罗阿尼奥（Juan Proaño）表示，ICE并不需要在多个地点大规模出现。他说，关于某个投票站的信息在社交媒体上迅速传播，就很容易导致其他地区的选民远离投票站。
Information spreading quickly on social media about one polling place could easily cause voters in other areas to stay away, he said. “Just the mere presence of them in and around polling locations is enough of a deterrent for our community,” he said.
“他们仅仅出现在投票站及其周边，就足以对我们的社区起到威慑作用，”他说。“我们现在收到的各种威胁正在影响人们在选举日做出的决定。”活动人士提到了今年夏天发生在纽约州锡拉丘兹市的一起事件：当时，隶属于美国移民与海关执法局（ICE）的国土安全调查局（Homeland Security Investigations）的工作人员前往投票站，向一名女性送达书面通知，指控她公开发布了有关联邦官员的个人信息。
“The threats that we’re getting now, that we are hearing today, are impacting the decisions that folks will make on Election Day.”Activists point to an incident in Syracuse, New York, over the summer in which agents from Homeland Security Investigations, an arm of ICE that has largely taken the lead on investigating alleged voter fraud, went to a polling place to serve a written notice to a woman who they accused of publicly posting personal information about federal officers. Despite the concerns, they are encouraging members of their communities to vote, reminding them of their rights and are stepping up efforts to assist voters with legal help.
尽管存在这些担忧，他们仍鼓励社区居民去投票，并提醒他们自己的权利，同时加大了提供法律援助的力度。
Thu Nguyen, who heads OCA-Asian Pacific American Advocates, said the group is recruiting monitors to observe the election process in response to fears they've been hearing.
OCA-Asian Pacific American Advocates组织的负责人Thu Nguyen表示，由于担心选民的安全问题，该组织正在招募监督人员来观察选举过程。Nguyen指出，他们的美国公民成员之所以感到担忧，部分原因是ICE曾在过去的行动中拘留过美国人；另外，他们也担心自己可能与那些没有移民身份的人有亲属关系，从而招致不必要的关注。
Nguyen said their U.S. citizen members are concerned in part because ICE has detained Americans during past operations or because they might be related to someone without immigration status and fearful of drawing attention to them. A nonpartisan coalition of Trump administration opponents said it is planning a program in areas with large minority voting populations — Georgia, Michigan, North Carolina and Ohio — to boost voter confidence that they can cast a ballot safely.
一个由特朗普政府反对者组成的无党派联盟计划在一些少数族裔选民比例较高的州（如乔治亚州、密歇根州、北卡罗来纳州和俄亥俄州）开展一项活动，以增强选民的安全感，让他们相信自己可以安全地行使投票权。这些州今年的美国参议院选举竞争也非常激烈。
Those states also have competitive U.S. Senate races this year. The program, called VoteSafe, includes recruiting trusted community leaders to help address voter hesitation associated with fears around armed agents at the polls, said Mary Corcoran, executive director of the Save America Movement and a leader in the effort.
Save America Movement的执行主任Mary Corcoran表示，这项名为“VoteSafe”的计划包括招募值得信赖的社区领袖，帮助解决选民因担心投票站有武装人员而产生的犹豫心理。“我们的任务就是克服这些恐惧，确保选民能够顺利投票，”她说。
“Our job is to overcome it,” she said. Swenson reported from New York.
Swenson从纽约发回了这则报道；美联社的Gary Fields（华盛顿）和Nicholas Riccardi（丹佛）也为这篇报道提供了素材。
Associated Press writers Gary Fields in Washington and Nicholas Riccardi in Denver contributed to this report.