“这是一起圣战恐怖袭击，”以色列国防部长伊斯雷尔·卡茨在回应迪拜航空FZ1073航班劫机未遂事件时表示。以色列已就此事明确立场，总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡称这名涉嫌试图让载有174名乘客的飞机坠毁的阿曼籍副驾驶为“恐怖分子”。但为了证实这些指控，以色列需要对事件进行彻底调查并审讯该副驾驶。目前一个引人关注的问题是，以色列能否接触到这名副驾驶，而飞机降落的沙特阿拉伯已成为其中的关键因素。
"This is a jihadist terrorist attack," Defence Minister Israel Katz said while reacting to the attempted hijacking of flydubai Flight FZ1073. Israel has made its stance clear on the incident, with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu calling the Omani co-pilot, who allegedly tried to crash the plane carrying 174 passengers, a "terrorist". But for Israel to substantiate the claims, the Jewish nation will need to thoroughly investigate the incident and interrogate the co-pilot. One question that becomes interesting at the moment is whether Israel can get access to the co-pilot, with Saudi Arabia, where the plane landed, emerging as a key factor.
周三（9月30日），这架迪拜航空波音737 MAX 8客机的劫机未遂事件最终在沙特塔布克安全降落，留下的疑问多于答案。尽管世界大部分地区的目光都集中在印度籍飞行员斯米特·马查尔（Smit Machchhar）、以色列乘客以及休班飞行员的英勇表现上——正是他们制服了这名阿曼籍袭击者并帮助飞机安全着陆——但调查人员（尤其是以色列方面的调查人员）很快将面临一个棘手的困境：当犯罪嫌疑人被一个与本国没有外交关系的国家拘留时，该如何进行调查？
The attempted hijacking of the flydubai Boeing 737 MAX 8 aircraft on Wednesday (September 30), which safely landed in Saudi Arabia's Tabuk, has left more questions than answers. While much of the world is focusing on the heroics of Indian pilot Smit Machchhar, the Israeli passengers and off-duty pilots who subdued the Omani attacker and helped bring the aircraft safely to the ground, investigators — particularly in Israel — could soon face a difficult dilemma on how do you investigate an alleged crime when the suspected perpetrator is in the custody of a country with which you have no diplomatic relations?
自周三以来，几个问题占据了新闻头条。第一，一名阿曼籍飞行员是如何执飞前往特拉维夫的航线的？因为耶路撒冷明确禁止与本国无外交关系的国家的公民驾驶飞机进入以色列领空。更重要的是，这名涉嫌劫机者的动机是什么？他是否试图发动恐怖袭击？他是单独行动，还是在其他地方有同伙或支持者？
Several questions have dominated the headlines since Wednesday. One, how did an Omani pilot end up flying a route to Tel Aviv when Jerusalem specifically bars citizens of countries with which it has no diplomatic relations from operating flights into Israeli airspace? More importantly, what was the alleged hijacker's motive? Was he attempting to carry out a terrorist attack? And was he acting alone, or did he have accomplices or backers elsewhere?
在接受美国新闻广播公司福克斯新闻采访时，内塔尼亚胡表示，耶路撒冷打算彻查此事。“我们将查清这名袭击者的根源，看他是否有同伙，看伊朗是否在背后指使。我想我们很快就会查明真相，”他说。
In an interview with US-based news broadcaster Fox News, Netanyahu said Jerusalem intended to get to the bottom of the incident. "We'll get to the root of this attacker, whether he had accomplices, whether Iran was behind it. I think we'll find out very soon," he said.
与此同时，据《以色列时报》周三报道，以色列国防部长伊扎尔·卡茨将这起事件称为“圣战恐怖袭击”。不过，尽管各方已发表了声明并进行了初步评估，但在调查完成之前，仍无法对事件作出最终定论——包括这名阿曼公民是如何被指派执行飞往以色列的航班任务的，以及他是否真的意图实施恐怖袭击。要查明这些真相，还需要对副驾驶进行审讯；据另一位迪拜飞行员称，这名副驾驶属于“宗教极端分子”。这可能成为以色列调查此案的主要障碍。
Defence Minister Israel Katz, meanwhile, was reported by The Times of Israel on Wednesday to have described the incident as a "jihadist terrorist attack".But statements and preliminary assessments aside, no definitive conclusions can yet be drawn about the incident — including how an Omani citizen was assigned to operate a flight to Israel and whether he intended to carry out a terrorist attack — until the investigation is complete. That will require an interrogation of the co-pilot, whom a fellow flydubai pilot described as a "religious extremist".And that is where the major problem could lie for Israel.
这起事件最终被一名印度飞行员成功阻止，飞机最终降落在沙特阿拉伯。事件发生在沙特领空，涉嫌劫机的男子目前由沙特方面控制，他同样也是阿曼公民。以色列与沙特阿拉伯和阿曼均没有建立外交关系；虽然以色列与阿联酋关系密切，但并未与这两个海湾国家签订正式的双边引渡条约。这无疑会加大耶路撒冷方面调查此案的难度——尤其是当以色列方面需要直接接触嫌疑人或正式请求将其引渡时。
The incident was thwarted by an Indian pilot, the flight landed in Saudi Arabia. The incident occurred over the kingdom's airspace, and the alleged hijacker is in Saudi's custody. He is also an Omani citizen. Israel maintains no diplomatic relations with either Saudi Arabia or Oman, and while it has warm ties with the UAE, it lacks a proper bilateral extradition treaty with either of the three Gulf nations. That could significantly complicate Jerusalem's efforts to investigate the incident, particularly if Israeli authorities require direct access to the suspect or need to formally seek his transfer.
在耶路撒冷，要求将这名涉嫌劫机的阿曼公民引渡到以色列的呼声日益高涨。《以色列时报》援引以色列国家安全部长伊塔马尔·本-格维尔的话称，他将要求内阁和司法部“动用一切可用手段”将嫌疑人引渡到以色列并对其进行审判。
Demands are already growing within Jerusalem for the alleged Omani pilot to be extradited to Israel. The Times Of Israel reported National Security Minister Itamar Ben Gvir as saying that he will demand that the security cabinet and the Justice Ministry "use all means available" to extradite the suspect and prosecute him in Israel.
据印度今日电视台（India Today TV）的阿米特·巴拉德瓦杰（Amit Bharadwaj）报道，由于伤势严重，印度飞行员史密斯·马奇哈尔（Smit Machchhar）已被空运至迪拜的医院接受治疗。
The Indian Captain Smit Machchhar has been airlifted to a hospital in Dubai from Saudi Arabia due to the severity of his injuries, according to India Today TV's Amit Bharadwaj.
然而，这名阿曼籍副驾驶目前仍被沙特拘留。据美国广播公司CNN报道，该名阿曼籍副驾驶已被转移至阿联酋，以协助调查此次暴力事件是否与恐怖主义有关。以色列被拒绝参与，沙特与阿联酋当局展开调查据以色列新闻媒体Ynet报道，沙特阿拉伯将在调查迪拜航空（flydubai）客机上究竟发生了什么的过程中发挥核心作用，因为这架波音737 MAX 8客机降落在了沙特，且嫌疑人目前正处于沙特的拘留之中。
However, the Omani co-pilot is still in Saudi's custody. According to the US broadcaster CNN, the Omani co-pilot has been transferred to the UAE, to help investigate whether the violence was linked to terrorism.ISRAEL DENIED ACCESS AS SAUDI, EMIRATI AUTHORITIES BEGIN PROBEAccording to a report in the Israeli news outlet, Ynet, Saudi Arabia is positioned to play a central role in the investigation of what actually happened in the flydubai aircraft, because the Boeing 737 MAX 8 landed there, and the suspect is in Saudi's custody.
阿拉伯联合酋长国（阿联酋）作为迪拜航空的母国，也将参与调查；阿曼也将参与其中，因为据报道涉案嫌疑人为阿曼公民。据Ynet报道，由于涉事飞机是美国制造的波音737 MAX 8，美国航空当局也可能介入。
The United Arab Emirates (UAE), as the home country of the airliner flydubai, will also take part, as well as Oman, since the alleged perpetrator is reportedly an Omani citizen. And since the aircraft in question is an American-made Boeing 737 MAX 8, US aviation authorities might become involved, reported Ynet.
据美联社和《耶路撒冷邮报》报道，正式调查已经启动。《耶路撒冷邮报》报道称，阿联酋总检察长已下令展开调查，因为涉事客机属于阿联酋，迪拜司法当局拥有完全管辖权。据美联社报道，沙特当局已多次审讯该名阿曼公民，目前他仍被沙特拘留。目前已基本确定，是这名阿曼籍副驾驶袭击了印度籍机长。
According to reports in the Associated Press, and The Jerusalem Post, formal investigations have already started. The Post reported that the UAE's prosecutor general has ordered an investigation, because since the airliner in question was Emirati, Dubai's judicial authorities have full jurisdiction. Saudi authorities were reported by AP as having interrogated the Omani citizen multiple times, who remains in Saudi custody. It has been well established by now that the Omani co-pilot attacked the Indian Captain.
沙特内政部周四发表声明称，对迪拜航空航班紧急降落事件的初步调查发现，“机长遭到了其副驾驶的袭击，导致两人均受不同程度伤害”。沙特内政部表示，来自阿联酋的安全小组参与了此次调查。那么，以色列调查人员将如何介入？以色列官员能审讯这名阿曼籍副驾驶吗？
美联社周四报道称，以色列总理内塔尼亚胡表示，他已与阿联酋总统谢赫·穆罕默德·本·扎耶德·阿勒纳哈扬进行了交谈，后者同意以色列参与对嫌疑人的审讯。
Saudi Arabia's Interior Ministry's statement on Thursday said that a preliminary investigation into the emergency landing of a flydubai flight found that "the pilot was assaulted by his co-pilot, resulting in various injuries to both". The Saudi ministry said that a security team from the UAE took part in the probe. So where do Israeli investigators come in?WILL ISRAELI OFFICIALS GET TO INTERROGATE OMANI CO-PILOT?AP reported on Thursday the Israeli PM Netanyahu as saying that he had spoken with the UAE's president, Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, who agreed that Israel would join the interrogation of the suspect.
他进一步告诉 CBS News，这名飞行员很快将被移交给阿联酋方面。“我猜他会被迅速转移到迪拜，”内塔尼亚胡周四对 CBS News 说，并补充称以色列当局将参与审讯，以查明事件的具体经过。另一位以色列高级官员也告诉 CBS News，阿联酋总统穆罕默德·本·扎耶德·阿勒纳哈扬周三亲自向内塔尼亚胡表示，希望沙特方面能将飞行员移交给阿联酋进行审讯。
He further told CBS News that the pilot would soon be transferred to Emirati custody." He'll be, I assume, moved very quickly to Dubai," Netanyahu told CBS News on Thursday, adding that Israeli authorities will "join the interrogation and find out what happened there exactly." Another senior Israeli official told CBS News that the UAE's President Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan personally told Netanyahu on Wednesday that he expected Saudi authorities to transfer the pilot to the UAE for questioning.
有报道称，阿曼籍副驾驶已被转移到迪拜，因此以色列方面或许有机会对他进行审讯。与此同时，据 i24NEWS 报道，以色列的摩萨德（Mossad）正在与以色列国内的安全机构 Shin Bet 合作开展调查；不过沙特方面似乎并不希望以色列参与此次调查。
With reports coming in that the Omani co-pilot has been shifted to Dubai, Israeli officials might get to question him. Ynet, meanwhile, reported on Wednesday that the Mossad is leading the investigation with assistance from the Shin Bet. The Saudis, however, do not seem particularly enthusiastic about Israel being involved.
以色列新闻频道 i24NEWS 的外交记者盖伊·阿兹里尔（Guy Azriel）在 X 上写道：“以色列正试图获得审讯副驾驶的权限，但沙特阿拉伯目前予以拒绝。一位安全消息人士告诉 i24NEWS，以色列是否能够获得这一权限，将取决于沙特方面在审讯中提供的信息。”虽然以色列方面表示阿曼籍飞行员将被移交给阿联酋，但沙特当局尚未对此予以确认，至今仍保持沉默。
Writing on X, Guy Azriel, Diplomatic Correspondent at the Israeli news channel, i24NEWS, stated that "Israel is pushing for access to the co-pilot's interrogation, but Saudi Arabia is currently refusing. A security source tells i24NEWS that whether Israel insists on gaining access will depend on the information provided by the Saudis from their interrogation." And while Israeli officials are stating that the Omani pilot will be handed over to the Emiratis, there has been no confirmation yet from Saudi authorities, who have remained tight-lipped so far.HOW ISRAEL MIGHT PROBE FLYDUBAI CASEPerhaps the biggest problem for the Israeli investigators is the relations between Riyadh and Jerusalem, or rather the lack thereof. Saudi Arabia wouldn't have partnered with Israel in any probe.
对于以色列调查人员来说，最大的障碍可能是利雅得与耶路撒冷之间的紧张关系（或者说，两者之间几乎不存在任何合作基础）。据路透社报道，沙特阿拉伯曾拒绝以色列提出的请求——即允许以色列空军的 C-130 “大力神” 运输机进入沙特境内，以撤离 FZ1073 航班上的滞留乘客。不过，如果副驾驶被引渡到阿联酋，这一障碍或许就能被克服。
Reuters reported Saudi Arabia as having turned down an Israeli request to allow Israeli Air Force C-130 Hercules transport aircraft to enter the kingdom and evacuate passengers stranded after flydubai flight FZ1073. The hurdle gets overcome if the co-pilot is extradited to the UAE.
以色列与阿联酋保持着积极的关系，后者于2020年承认以色列为主权国家，而耶路撒冷也曾向迪拜提供防空装备。那么，以色列的前路在何方？
Israel maintains positive ties with the UAE with the latter recognising the Jewish nation as a country in 2020, and Jerusalem providing Dubai with air defence assets. So what is the path ahead for Israel?
目前，以色列当然可以与阿联酋当局展开合作。阿联酋方面已自行展开调查，理由是涉事客机属于阿联酋，且该飞机在阿联酋注册，因此该案件属于其司法管辖范围。内塔尼亚胡总理已宣布以色列也打算进行调查。
For now, Israel could, of course, cooperate with Emirati authorities. The latter have themselves launched their own investigation, citing the fact that the airliner was Emirati and the aircraft wased in the UAE as putting the case in their jurisdiction. PM Netanyahu has declared his country's intent to do the same.
由于该飞机在阿联酋注册，以色列的参与可能使其能够获取关键证据，例如驾驶舱录音和黑匣子数据，这些设备记录了驾驶舱内发生的一切。耶路撒冷还可以询问迪拜航空的官员，以获取有关这名涉嫌劫机的阿曼籍嫌疑人的更多信息，以及他是如何被分配到一架在以色列领空飞行的航班上的。
Since the aircraft ised in the UAE, Israel's participation could enable it to access vital evidence like cockpit recordings and black box data which will have recorded everything that took place in the cockpit. Jerusalem could also question officials of flydubai to get more information about the alleged Omani would-be hijacker, and how he was assigned to a flight operating in Israeli airspace.
但是，若要进行全面的以阿联合调查，则需要接触这名阿曼籍飞行员以查明其动机。虽然阿联酋和沙特阿拉伯已签署了正式的司法合作协议，允许引渡，但沙特是否会如内塔尼亚胡所期望的那样将这名阿曼籍飞行员移交给阿联酋，仍由利雅得方面自行决定。
But a complete joint Israeli-Emirati investigation would need access to the Omani pilot in order to ascertain his motives. While the UAE and Saudi Arabia have signed formal judicial-cooperation arrangements, which also allow for extraditions, it is up to Riyadh's discretion whether it will send the Omani pilot to the UAE as Netanyahu expects it would.
因此，关键事实依然是：这名涉嫌袭击者目前正式处于沙特羁押之下，而以色列缺乏直接的法律机制来强制利雅得允许以色列调查人员接触他。如果这名副驾驶被移交给阿联酋，那么以色列就有机会接触到他。在此之前，耶路撒冷将很难对9月30日迪拜航空FZ1073航班上发生的事情进行彻底调查。
As such, the key fact remains, the alleged attacker is officially in Saudi custody, and Israel does not have a straightforward legal mechanism to compel Riyadh to give Israeli investigators access to him. If the co-pilot is handed over to the UAE, then Israel has a chance of getting access to him. Until then, it will be difficult for Jerusalem to properly investigate what transpired on flydubai FZ1073 on September 30.- Ends