2026年9月9日，泰国曼谷，一面泰国国旗在风中飘扬，背景是城市天际线。
A national flag of Thailand flutters in the wind with the city skyline in the background in Bangkok on September 9, 2026.
AMAURY PAUL/法新社/盖蒂图片社 上个月，26岁的老挝活动人士Khieo Lapchanh在前往曼谷郊外一处泰国省份的公寓途中失踪。据一个追踪此案的人权组织称，他第二天没有按计划参加联合国难民署在曼谷的登记面试，此后便音讯全无。
AMAURY PAUL/AFP via Getty Images Last month, 26-year old Laotian activist Khieo Lapchanh disappeared on his way to his apartment in a Thai province just outside Bangkok. He didn't show up for his registration interview with the United Nations Refugee Agency in Bangkok the next day, and hasn't been heard from since, according to a human rights group tracking his case.
几天后，正在柬埔寨会见其他越南裔活动人士的澳大利亚民主倡导者Tran Hiep也同样失踪。Tran Hiep原定在曼谷与妻子会合，但他从未登上飞往曼谷的航班。本周，越南官方证实了他以及与他同行的另外两名活动人士已被捕。
Days later, Australian democracy campaigner Tran Hiep, who was in Cambodia to meet with other activists of Vietnamese origin, similarly disappeared. Tran Hiep was due to meet his wife in Bangkok but never boarded his flight. This week, Vietnamese officials confirmed his arrest and that of the two other activists who were with him.
澳大利亚活动人士Tran Hiep在前往柬埔寨后于越南被拘留。这是他妻子Chloe Dang于2026年5月在日本旅行时为他拍摄的照片。
Tran Hiep, an Australian activist, was detained in Vietnam after a trip to Cambodia. He is photographed here by his wife, Chloe Dang, on a trip to Japan in May, 2026.
Chloe Dang表示：“我丈夫是合法进入柬埔寨的，现在他失踪了，看起来他被关在越南某处的监狱里。越南政府怎么能在别国的土地上绑架人呢？”
Chloe Dang "My husband entered Cambodia legally, and now he's gone missing and it appears [he's] in a Vietnamese prison somewhere," said Chloe Dang, Hiep's wife. "How can the Vietnamese government abduct someone on another country's land?"
这些案件凸显了亚洲各地活动人士所处的危险境地，他们越来越容易受到跨国镇压的影响——即使跨越国界，也难逃威权政府的追捕。人权组织一直警告东南亚存在一种镇压的“交换市场”，该地区的政府相互勾结，对批评人士和难民进行恐吓、逮捕、引渡和惩罚。
Their cases underscore the precarious landscape for activists across Asia, who are increasingly vulnerable to transnational repression – hunted down by authoritarian governments even across international borders. Human rights groups have been warning of a "swap market" of repression in Southeast Asia, where governments in the region work together to intimidate, arrest, extradite and punish critics and refugees.
总部位于曼谷的亚洲人权与劳工倡导组织主任Phil Robertson表示：“每个人都必须时刻提防背后。”他近二十年来一直追踪并为跨国镇压的受害者进行辩护。
"Everyone has to be looking over their shoulder all the time," said Phil Robertson, director of Bangkok-based Asia Human Rights & Labour Advocates, who has tracked and advocated for victims of transnational repression for almost two decades.
近年来，柬埔寨反对派领导人表示，他们在泰国遭到监视和监禁，而泰国曾是寻求庇护者的避难所。在该国的老挝难民——经联合国核实并认定身份——却失踪或被发现死亡。由越南裔成员组成的亲民主组织“越谭”于9月发布了一份报告，记录了20起越南当局在境外追捕批评人士和活动人士的案例。其中包括博主杜文泰，他于2023年4月在曼谷街头失踪，随后现身于越南的羁押场所。作为寻求庇护的联合国认定难民，泰此后被判处12年有期徒刑。
In recent years, Cambodian opposition leaders say they have been surveilled and jailed in Thailand, once a refuge for asylum seekers. Laotian refugees in the country – verified anded by the United Nations – have gone missing or been found dead Viet Tan, a pro-democracy group composed of members of the Vietnamese diaspora, published a report in September that documented 20 cases where Vietnamese authorities pursued critics and activists outside its own borders. These include blogger Duong Van Thai, who in April 2023 disappeared off the streets of Bangkok before showing up in detention in Vietnam. Thai, who was a U.N.-ed refugee seeking asylum, has since been sentenced to 12 years in prison.
“你本指望会有更大规模的抗议，因为我们谈论的是对难民权利和国家主权的侵犯，”罗伯逊说。但该地区国家一直“保持沉默”。“这似乎几乎成了一种：如果你在我国家做点什么……以后我会指望你回个恩”，一种相互打压异见人士的交易，他补充道。
"You'd expect there would be some larger outcry because what we're talking about is violation of refugee rights [and] of state sovereignty," said Robertson. But countries in the region have been "muted." "It seems to almost be like: if you do something in my country… later I'll expect a favor from you," a trade where dissidents are mutually suppressed, he added.
泰国总理府新闻局和柬埔寨政府发言人未立即回应置评请求。此前曾协助其他老挝寻求庇护者的人权组织“马努夏基金会”已向泰国警方报告了基奥·拉普昌的失踪案。
Thailand's Ministry of Information and a spokesman for the Cambodian government did not immediately respond to requests for comment. The Manushya Foundation, a human rights group that has previously assisted other Laotian asylum seekers, reported Khieo Lapchanh's disappearance to the Thai police.
联合国难民事务高级专员办事处在给美国国家公共电台（NPR）的声明中表示，不评论个别案件。该办事处补充道：“国家有首要责任为其领土上的人员提供保护和安全，包括难民、寻求庇护者以及如果被遣返可能面临生命危险的人。”
The Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees, in a statement to NPR, said it does not comment on individual cases. It added that "states have the primary responsibility to provide protection and safety to persons on their territory, including refugees and asylum seekers and people whose lives could be at risk if they were returned."
现年50岁的Hiep在三十多年前移居澳大利亚，他的妻子Dang说。他住在墨尔本，创立了一个倡导组织，专注于打击越南女童和妇女的人口贩卖。Dang说，这位自由职业IT专业人士也热衷于言论自由，帮助海外越南人提高数字安全，以防范威权国家。他们正在发短信讨论寻常话题——冰箱出了问题，准备Hiep侄女的生日派对——他在9月18日停止回复。
Hiep, now 50, had moved to Australia more than three decades ago, said Dang, his wife. He lived in Melbourne, where he founded an advocacy organization focused on combating human trafficking of Vietnamese girls and women. The freelance IT professional was also passionate about free speech, Dang said, and helped those in the Vietnamese diaspora improve their digital security against the authoritarian state. They were texting about commonplace topics – issues with their fridge, preparing for Hiep's niece's birthday party – when he stopped replying on Sept. 18.
亲民主组织“越南革新党”（Viet Tan）表示，Hiep是他们的成员之一。Nguyen Duc Thuan也是，他在同一天与Hiep一起在柬埔寨失踪。Thuan持有挪威护照。
Viet Tan, the pro-democracy group, said Hiep was one of their members. So was Nguyen Duc Thuan, who disappeared from Cambodia along with Hiep on the same day. Thuan holds a Norwegian passport.
越南公安部本周在一份声明中表示，已逮捕Hiep、Thuan和第三名男子Thai Cong Truong Son，罪名是试图从柬埔寨“非法越境”进入越南。他们指控这三人从事恐怖主义活动和伪造身份证件。越南政府已将“越南革新党”定性为“恐怖组织”，该组织否认这一指控。
Vietnam's Ministry of Public Security said in a statement this week that it had arrested Hiep, Thuan and a third man, Thai Cong Truong Son, for trying to "cross illegally" from Cambodia into Vietnam. They've accused the three of terrorism and forging their identity documents. The Vietnamese government has designated Viet Tan as a "terrorist group," a charge the group denies.
当局未说明他们被关押在何处，他们的家属称未获得任何信息。这些活动人士未获准会见领事官员。
Authorities have not specified where they are held and their families say they have been provided no information. The activists have not been granted consular access.
邓女士呼吁澳大利亚政府为Hiep的自由而战，因为他是该国公民。
Dang has called for the Australian government to fight for Hiep's freedom, given he's a citizen of their country.
总理安东尼·阿尔巴尼斯和越南国家主席苏林上个月在堪培拉会晤，承诺在国防和贸易等问题上深化伙伴关系。
Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and Vietnamese President To Lam met in Canberra last month, pledging to deepen their partnership on issues like defense and trade.
阿尔巴尼斯本周在接受媒体采访时表示，他的政府正在提供领事协助，并直接与家属接触。
Albanese, in comments to the media this week, said his government was providing consular assistance and engaging directly with the family.
“我不是天真到说我不知道[越南政府能做什么]，”邓女士说。“但我希望作为一个澳大利亚人，他的命运能有所不同。”
"I'm not naive to say that I don't know [what the Vietnamese government can do]," Dang said. "But I hope as an Australian, his fate could be different."