印度储备银行于周四发布了一份综合通告，汇总了此前针对表列种姓与表列部落群体信贷服务的相关指示。该通告适用于包括小型金融银行在内的所有注册商业银行，汇集了央行数十年来发布的关于向此类群体提供贷款的各项规定。
The Reserve Bank of India on Thursday issued a Master Circular consolidating its existing instructions on credit facilities to Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes .The circular, applicable to all scheduled commercial banks, including small finance banks, brings together instructions issued by the central bank on lending to SC/ST borrowers over several decades.
根据这一框架，各银行在制定区块及县级信贷计划时，须给予表列种姓与表列部落借款人应有的重视，并量身定制符合其需求的信贷方案，尤其是针对自主创业领域的项目。此外，银行还需优化贷款审批流程，确保贷款能够及时发放，且金额足以支持借款人开展创收活动。在信贷规划过程中，银行也应重点关注那些表列种姓与表列部落人口占比较高的村庄及地区。
Under the framework, banks are required to give appropriate weightage to SC/ST borrowers while preparing credit plans at the block and district levels and formulate bankable schemes suited to their needs, particularly for self-employment. Banks have also been asked to review their lending procedures to ensure that loans are sanctioned in time and are adequate and oriented towards income-generating activities. Credit planning should also give special focus to villages and localities with a sizeable SC/ST population.
印度储备银行要求银行工作人员协助此类借款人填写申请表格并办理其他手续，确保符合条件的借款人能在规定期限内顺利获得信贷支持。同时，银行还需加强宣传，让表列种姓与表列部落群体充分了解各类信贷计划，并定期组织座谈以掌握他们的实际信贷需求。
The RBI said bank staff should assist borrowers with filling application forms and completing other formalities so that eligible borrowers can access credit within the stipulated period. Banks have also been directed to create greater awareness among SC/ST borrowers about available credit schemes and organise meetings to understand their credit requirements.
对于政府主导的扶贫及自主创业项目下的贷款申请，银行不得强制要求表列种姓与表列部落借款人提供存款证明。此外，央行强调相关补贴不得因借款人尚未偿还贷款而被扣留；若补贴迟迟不予发放，反而可能导致借款人资金短缺。通告还规定，对于符合政府项目条件的贷款申请，若需予以拒绝，则须由更高层级机构作出决定，且必须详细记录拒绝理由。最后，印度储备银行也重申了各类政府资助计划中的相关条款。
For loans under government-sponsored poverty alleviation and self-employment programmes, banks should not insist on deposits from SC/ST borrowers. The RBI also said applicable subsidies should not be withheld until repayment of bank dues, noting that non-release of subsidy upfront could result in under-financing. The circular further states that rejection of loan applications from SC/ST borrowers under government programmes should take place at the next higher level rather than at the branch level, with reasons for rejection clearly recorded. The RBI has also reiterated provisions under various government-sponsored schemes.
根据“迪恩达亚尔·安蒂奥达亚计划——国家农村生计使命”，50%的受益者须来自表列种姓/表列部落群体。在差别利率计划框架下，各银行以每年4%的优惠利率向符合条件的弱势群体借款人提供最高15,000卢比的贷款。相关通知明确要求，差别利率计划下的贷款总额中至少40%应发放给符合条件的表列种姓/表列部落借款人；该计划中的部分土地持有条件对这类群体可予以豁免。
Under the Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Rural Livelihoods Mission , 50% of beneficiaries are to be from SC/ST communities. Under the Differential Rate of Interest Scheme, banks provide loans of up to ₹15,000 at a concessional interest rate of 4% per annum to eligible weaker-section borrowers. The circular says at least 40% of total DRI advances should be extended to eligible SC/ST borrowers. Certain landholding eligibility conditions under the scheme do not apply to SC/ST borrowers.
通知还详细说明了“表列种姓信贷增信担保计划”，根据该计划，符合条件的表列种姓创业者可申请最高150万至5000万卢比的贷款担保服务，担保期限最长为7年或贷款偿还期，以两者中较短者为准。
The circular also details the Credit Enhancement Guarantee Scheme for Scheduled Castes , under which guarantee cover is available for loans to eligible SC entrepreneurs. The guarantee cover ranges from ₹15 lakh to ₹5 crore, with a maximum tenure of seven years or the repayment period, whichever is earlier.
为强化监管，各银行须在总行设立专门部门，负责追踪向表列种姓/表列部落群体发放的信贷情况并定期评估放贷成效，相关信贷促进措施亦需每季度接受一次审查。此外，各银行还须依照印度储备银行发布的《优先部门信贷指导方针》上报向表列种姓及表列部落群体发放的贷款数据。
For monitoring, banks are required to have a dedicated cell at their head office to track credit flow to SC/ST beneficiaries and periodically review lending. Reviews of measures to enhance credit flow are to be undertaken quarterly. Banks are also required to report data on advances to SCs and STs in accordance with the RBI's Master Direction on Priority Sector Lending.
印度储备银行指出，这份综合通知整合了自1978年以来陆续发布的多项相关通知内容，涵盖信贷服务、优惠融资政策、贷款申请驳回规定以及表列种姓/表列部落群体信贷流向监测等多个方面。
The RBI said the Master Circular consolidates instructions issued through a series of circulars dating back to 1978, including those relating to credit facilities, concessional finance, rejection of loan applications and monitoring of credit flow to SC/ST borrowers.