墨西哥城，10月2日——一项要求总统候选人必须放弃所有双重国籍的宪法修正案正迅速走向最终批准。尽管有批评声音指出，这项由执政党力推的举措侵犯了政治权利，其目的则是阻止反对派候选人参选。
MEXICO CITY, Oct 2 - A Mexican constitutional reform to require presidential candidates to renounce any dual citizenships is fast-tracking toward final approval, despite criticism that the measure backed by the ruling party infringes on political rights and aims to block opposition rivals.
总统克劳迪娅·辛鲍姆为该提案辩护称，该规定同样适用于各州州长及墨西哥城市长，其目的在于防范外部势力干涉。
President Claudia Sheinbaum has defended the initiative — which would also apply to state governors and the Mexico City mayor — as a safeguard against foreign interference.
“墨西哥的总统只能效忠于一面国旗、一个祖国，只能捍卫一个民族的权益，”辛鲍姆在周三的例行新闻发布会上说道。
"Presidents of Mexico can only have one flag, one homeland, one people to defend," Sheinbaum said during her daily news conference on Wednesday.
然而批评者认为，这一规定会给拥有双重国籍的政治人士设置障碍，还可能阻碍辛鲍姆所属的“国家复兴运动党”及其盟友党内的人事传承——这些政党中不少成员都持有外国护照。
Its critics, however, say it erects hurdles for dual-national politicians and could hamper generational succession within Sheinbaum's ruling Morena party and those of its allies, where several figures hold foreign passports.
本周，这项宪法修正案在先后获得国会两院通过后，又得到了“国家复兴运动党”议员及其联盟成员的支持，迅速获得了墨西哥32个州立法机构的多数赞成。接下来，议员们需正式发布“合宪性声明”，随后该修正案才会被刊登在官方公报上。
The constitutional changes were swiftly approved this week by a majority of Mexico's 32 state legislatures, backed by Morena lawmakers and their coalition after passing both chambers of the national Congress. Lawmakers must now issue a formal "declaration of constitutionality" before publishing the text in the official gazette.
现行墨西哥宪法并未明确禁止总统及州长拥有双重国籍。在拉丁美洲，仅有古巴和委内瑞拉实施了此类禁令。
Mexico's current constitution does not explicitly bar presidents and governors from holding dual citizenship. In Latin America, only two countries have such bans: Cuba and Venezuela.
美国允许双重国籍公民竞选总统，但该议题在政治上颇具敏感性。2014年，泰德·克鲁兹为参加2016年总统竞选而放弃了加拿大国籍。爱国主义还是政治手段？
The United States allows dual citizens to become president, but the issue has proven politically sensitive. Ted Cruz renounced his Canadian citizenship in 2014 ahead of his 2016 presidential run. PATRIOTISM OR POLITICAL SUBTERFUGE?
辛鲍姆及其政府表示，在美国总统唐纳德·特朗普政府施加的压力日益增大的背景下，这项关于国籍的规定正是该党致力于维护国家主权的整体举措的一部分。
Sheinbaum and her administration say that the citizenship proposal is part of the party's broader emphasis on defending national sovereignty amid mounting pressure from the administration of US President Donald Trump.
不过，批评者对该法案的推进速度以及在2030年总统大选前夕出台该法案的政治意图提出了质疑。该规定将于2028年起对有意参选者生效，因此不会影响现任各州州长以及参加2027年中期选举的候选人。希恩鲍姆办公室未对置评请求作出回应。
But its critics have questioned both the speed of its passage and its political intentions ahead of the 2030 presidential election. The requirement would take effect for prospective candidates in 2028, meaning it would not affect current state governors or candidates competing in the 2027 midterms. Sheinbaum's office did not respond to requests for comment.
墨西哥亿万富翁里卡多·萨利纳斯是一位颇具影响力的大亨，也是现政府的严厉批评者，他多次流露出从政意愿。他强烈反对该法案，并暗示该法案的出台目的正是为了阻止他可能参与的竞选。
Mexican billionaire Ricardo Salinas, a prominent tycoon and fierce critic of the administration who has repeatedly hinted at political ambitions, has railed against the bill and suggested that it was designed specifically to thwart his possible run.
“他们难道就为了阻止一个自己既惧怕又厌恶的墨西哥人当上总统，而甘愿损害数百万移居北方的墨西哥人的利益吗？”萨利纳斯在8月份的一篇社交媒体帖子中这样写道。
"Are they willing to screw over millions of Mexicans who migrated north... solely out of a sick desire to block a Mexican whom they fear and hate from the presidency?" Salinas wrote in a social media post in August.
周一，萨利纳斯似乎改变了立场，他在社交媒体上称自己并不拥有双重国籍。
On Monday, Salinas appeared to reverse course, writing on social media that he did not hold dual citizenship.
路透社无法证实萨利纳斯是否拥有第二国籍。萨利纳斯集团的发言人以隐私为由拒绝置评，称其国籍状况属于私人信息。
Reuters could not confirm whether Salinas holds a second citizenship. A spokesperson for Grupo Salinas declined to comment, describing his citizenship status as a private matter.
一位要求匿名的国家复兴运动党内部人士向路透社透露，这项改革措施旨在阻碍萨利纳斯可能发起的竞选活动。
A source within the Morena party, speaking on condition of anonymity, told Reuters the reform was aimed at hampering a possible run by Salinas.
拥有美国和墨西哥双重国籍的墨西哥美国协会会长拉里·鲁宾也对该措施表示谴责。
Larry Rubin, president of the American Society of Mexico, who holds dual US and Mexican citizenship, has also condemned the measure.
“拥有双重国籍并不会让人变得不那么墨西哥，”鲁宾说道，“请不要背弃数百万拥有双重国籍的人、移民以及跨国家庭。”不过，墨西哥驻美国大使罗伯托·拉泽里则表示，该措施并非针对双重国籍问题，只是对担任最高政治职务的资格要求进行了严格规定。
"Having two nationalities does not make anyone less Mexican," Rubin said. "Do not turn your back on millions of dual nationals, migrants, and binational families." Mexican ambassador to the United States, Roberto Lazzeri, however, said the measure is not a referendum on dual citizenship, but rather a specific tightening of the requirements for the highest political offices.
“拥有双重国籍并不会让人变得不那么墨西哥，”他周二在社交媒体上写道。
"Holding dual nationality does not make anyone less Mexican," he wrote on social media on Tuesday.
但他同时补充道：“承担的公共责任越大，对国家的义务也就越重。” 路透社
But, he added, "the greater the public responsibility, the greater the obligations toward the country." REUTERS