熟练的贸易工人的需求已经很高，研究人员表示，该行业在未来十年将继续实现稳定的就业增长。
Skilled trade workers are already in high demand, and researchers say the industry will continue to see steady job growth in the decade to come.
周三发布的美国技术贸易状况报告发现，到2035年，每年将创造170万个技术贸易工作岗位。致力于扩大美国公众经济机会的非营利组织“未来就业”和“燃烧的玻璃研究所”是该报告的两个研究带头人。
The State of America's Skilled Trades report published Wednesday, found that 1.7 million skilled trade jobs will open each year through 2035. Jobs for the Future and The Burning Glass Institute, nonprofits dedicated to expanding economic opportunities for the American public, are the two research leads on the report.
研究人员预计，到2035年底，技术行业将新增超过60万个就业岗位。研究人员表示，电工、水管工、维修工和木匠只是该行业难以填补的高需求职位中的几个。
Researchers anticipate that more than 600,000 net new jobs in the skilled trades will open until the end of 2035. Electricians, plumbers, maintenance workers and carpenters are just a few of the high-demand jobs researchers say the industry is struggling to fill.
全国范围内的基础设施需求是行业净创造就业机会的主要驱动力。Burning Glass Institute所长Matt Sigelman告诉CNBC Make It，“人工智能数据中心等大型基础设施项目”和“该国不断增长的地区”需要新的住房开发、商业建筑和电网扩建，正在刺激该行业的就业增长。因此，根据美国劳工统计局的数据，尽管2026年9月总体失业率升至4.2%，非农就业人数低于预期，但技能贸易机会仍在继续涌现。
Infrastructure demand across the country is a major driver of net job creation in the trades. President of the Burning Glass Institute Matt Sigelman tells CNBC Make It that "big infrastructure projects like AI data centers" and "growing parts of the country," which require new housing developments, commercial buildouts and power grid expansion, are stimulating job growth in the sector. So, while the overall unemployment rate in September 2026 grew to 4.2% and nonfarm payrolls rose below expectations, according to data from the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, skilled trades opportunities continue to crop up.
然而，西格曼说，净就业机会的创造并没有考虑到取代退休工人的需要。
However, net job creation fails to account for the need to replace retiring workers, Sigelman says.
在报告中包含的124个职位中，近四分之一的熟练技工年龄在55岁或以上，而25岁以下的工人仅占劳动力的11%。在更广泛的劳动力市场，自2024年以来，55岁及以上人口的劳动力参与率一直在下降。
Nearly a quarter of skilled trades workers across the 124 job titles included in the report are 55 or older, while workers under 25 make up only 11% of the workforce. In the broader labor market, the workforce participation rate by those 55 and older has been on the decline since 2024.
西格尔曼在谈到熟练贸易劳动力的预计变化时表示：“未来五年内，十二分之一的贸易工作岗位需要被替换。”他将填补这些工作岗位的竞争比作“原地奔跑”，因为该行业正在努力填补新的工作岗位和取代退休人员。
"One in 12 trade jobs needs to be replaced in just the next five years," Sigelman says of the projected changes in the skilled trades workforce. He compares the race to fill these jobs to "running in place" as the industry struggles to fill new jobs and replace retirees.
尽管机会很多，但技术行业仍然遭受耻辱。广告委员会研究所周三发布的一项研究发现，只有33%的学生表示，如果他们从事行业，他们会感到受到他人的尊重，而50%的学生对医疗保健工作持同样的看法。
Despite the many available opportunities, skilled trades still suffer from stigma. A study by the Ad Council Research Institute published Wednesday found that only 33% of students say they would feel respected by others if they worked in trades, compared to 50% who said the same about working in healthcare.
这项在线调查收集了2026年6月至2026年7月期间3，009名高中生和2，501名高中生家长的回复。学生的误差幅度为正负1.8%，家长的误差幅度为正负2%。
The online survey fielded responses from 3,009 high school students and 2,501 parents of high school students from June 2026 through July 2026. The margin of error for students is plus or minus 1.8% and plus or minus 2% for parents.
尽管广告委员会的研究称青少年中的技术性职业工作受到“适度尊重”，但其数据显示，只有9%的青少年考虑将这些职业作为研究生职业，而大学仍然是最受欢迎的途径，有56%的青少年考虑接受高等教育。与此同时，71%的青少年表示，他们会为进入职业学校感到自豪，81%的家长会为自己的青少年追求熟练的职业生涯感到自豪。
Despite what the Ad Council study calls "moderate respect" for skilled trade jobs among teens, its data shows that only 9% of teens consider the trades for their post-graduate careers, while college remains the most popular pathway with 56% of teens considering higher education. At the same time, 71% of teens say they would be proud to go to trade school, and 81% of parents would be proud of their teens for pursuing a skilled trades career.
西格尔曼说，公众经常“一扫”谈论行业，这掩盖了124种可用的熟练行业职业道路。
The public often talks about trades "in a single sweep of the hand" that obscures the 124 skilled trades career paths available, Sigelman says.
根据劳工局职业就业和工资统计查询系统的最新数据，虽然一些技术行业的薪酬低于应届大学毕业生的平均起薪56，153美元，但许多行业的薪酬高于这一平均水平。在高端，电梯和自动扶梯安装工和维修工的年平均工资为109，910美元。核电反应堆运营商的工资也突破了六位数，年薪中位数为122，890美元。
While some skilled trades pay below the average starting salary for recent college graduates of $56,153, many trades pay above this mean, according to the most recently available data by the Labor Bureau's Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics Query System On the higher end, the annual median wage for elevator and escalator installers and repairers is $109,910. Nuclear power reactor operators also break six figures, with an annual median salary of $122,890.
“[广告委员会]的调查告诉我们，越来越多的人认识到这些行业，他们尊重这些行业，但似乎存在导航差距。人们看不到自己的孩子在行业中，他们也看不到自己在行业中，”西格尔曼说。
"The [Ad Council] survey tells us that increasingly people recognize the trades, they respect the trades, but there seems to be a navigation gap. People don't see their own kids in the trades, they don't see themselves in the trades," Sigelman says.
即使年轻工人选择进入技术行业，该行业也面临着中学后教育项目或学徒制的低转化率。根据《技术行业状况》报告，通过这两种途径开始职业生涯的人中，只有不到一半完成了他们的计划。完成学徒或高等教育5年后从事该行业的人数比例分别下降至29%和34%。
Even when young workers choose to enter skilled trades, the industry faces low conversion rates from postsecondary education programs ored apprenticeships. Just below half of those who begin their careers through either pathway complete their program, according to the State of Skilled Trades report. The percentage of those in the trades 5 years after completing an apprenticeship or postsecondary education drops to 29% and 34% respectively.
《技术行业状况》报告发现，流动率往往是更大结构性挑战的症状，其中一些是贸易工作固有的。对于木匠来说，延误和恶劣的天气条件可能会扰乱学徒完成计划所需的工作时间，导致一些人辞职。例如，有抱负的水管工面临一系列许可要求，这些要求在单个州内可能有所不同，这使得跨州甚至县工作变得更加困难。
Turnover rates are often symptoms of larger structural challenges, some of which are inherent to trade work, the State of Skilled Trades report found. For carpenters, delays and poor weather conditions can disrupt the working hours apprentices need to complete their program, causing some to quit. Aspiring plumbers, for example, face a range of licensing requirements that can vary within a single state, making it harder to work across state and even county lines.
西格尔曼补充道：“这是一个非常漏水的管道，我们需要弄清楚如何更好地留住即将进入该领域的人，甚至在我们试图建立更大的兴趣之前。”
"It's a very leaky pipe, and we need to figure out how we do a better job of retaining the people who are coming into the field, even before we try to build greater interest," Sigelman adds.
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