美国陆军于本月在美国陆军约翰·F·肯尼迪特种作战中心和学校举行入职仪式，正式启动了聚焦机器人和无人系统的军事职业专业。
The U.S. Army kickstarted a military occupational specialty focusing on robotics and unmanned systems with an induction ceremony this month at the U.S. Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School.
仪式期间，10名准尉被正式介绍为390A机器人技术员。他们现在将担任机器人和自主系统各方面使用的学科专家，包括编程、制造和维修，以及将其融入作战。
During the ceremony, 10 warrant officers were formally introduced as 390A robotics technicians. They will now serve as subject-matter experts on all aspects of using robotic and autonomous systems, including programming, building and repairing them, plus integrating them into combat.
390A专业的启动是一个自2024年以来一直在进行的漫长过程的结果，当时美国陆军特种作战司令部宣布其目标是培训使用自主系统的专家。
The 390A inauguration is the result of a lengthy process that has been in the works since 2024, when U.S. Army Special Operations Command announced its aim to train experts in using autonomous systems.
陆军认为有必要将机器人引入为一个独立的专业方向，以避免让特种作战人员在掌握现有知识的同时，还要承担额外的、高度复杂的技能集。
The Army deemed it necessary to introduce robotics as a separate specialization to avoid overburdening special warfare operators with having to master an additional, highly complex skill set, in addition to their existing knowledge.
“我们确定的是，这不能成为ODA成员的额外任务或额外角色，”第一特种部队司令部（空降）司令部首席准尉杰里·布朗（Chief Warrant Officer 5 Jerry Brown）在一份声明中表示，并补充说，这些新专家将能够利用他们在机器人领域的专业知识来帮助整个部队。
“What we’ve determined is it cannot be an additional task or an additional hat for someone on the ODA,” Chief Warrant Officer 5 Jerry Brown, command chief warrant officer for 1st Special Forces Command (Airborne), said in a release adding that the new specialists will be able to leverage their specific field of knowledge within robotics to help the force as a whole.
新任命的390A技术员将被分配到旅和团级的战斗编制中。作为自主战争的专家，他们将向指挥官提供建议，指导如何在作战过程中最佳地部署自主系统。
The new 390A technicians will be assigned to tactical formations at the brigade and group level. As experts in autonomous warfare, they will advise commanders on how best to deploy autonomous systems during operations.
他们还需要在战场上快速思考，即时提出解决机器人在野外可能出现的任何问题的方案，并利用他们的专长提出创新的无人机使用方式以达成任务目标。
They will also be required to think quickly in the field to instantly propose solutions to any problems that may arise with robotics in the field, and to use their expertise to come up with innovative ways of using drones to reach objectives.
为使他们胜任这一角色，390A候选人需要完成为期19周的课程，在此期间他们必须从零开始制造无人机，且该无人机不依赖GPS或无线电频率进行导航。
To prepare them for this role, 390A candidates are required to complete a 19-week course, where they must build drones from scratch that do not require GPS or radio frequencies to navigate.
陆军在一份声明中表示，课程期间组装的机器人系统将主要依赖人工智能和机器学习来导航至目标。
The Army stated in a release that robotic systems assembled during the course will rely primarily on artificial intelligence and machine learning to navigate to targets.
光纤电缆也为无人机提供了抵达目标的方式，同时使其免受外部信号干扰（如电子干扰）的影响。这类通过电缆连接的无人飞行器系统被称为“有线无人机”，它们可以利用人工智能进行目标锁定和导航，同时与操作员保持直接的物理连接。
Fiber optic cables also provide a way for drones to reach targets while being invulnerable to external signal interference, such as jamming. Known as “tethered drones,” cable-linked unmanned aircraft systems can use artificial intelligence for targeting and navigation while having a direct physical connection to their operator.
截至发稿时，陆军尚未回应有关390A候选人是否将学习制造和部署有线无人机的问题。
At the time of publication, the Army had not responded to questions about whether 390A candidates would be learning to build and field tethered drones.
陆军副参谋长克里斯托弗·拉内夫将军（Gen. Christopher LaNeve）在一份声明中表示：“陆军正在调整部队结构，并增派一支配备自主远程火力打击能力的多域特遣部队。”
“The Army is implementing changes in force structures, adding a multi-domain task force equipped with autonomous long-range fires,” Gen. Christopher LaNeve, Vice Chief of Staff of the Army, said in a statement.
“这些技术专家将帮助指挥团队理解整个部队的整合方式。我们正在全陆军范围内推广这项工作。”
“These technical experts will help command teams understand integration across the force. We are scaling this across the Army.”