作为全球最大的希尔萨鱼（hilsa fish）生产国和出口国，孟加拉国最近因首次从印度进口这种珍贵的鱼类而成为新闻焦点；其中大部分进口货物来自古吉拉特邦。然而，随着国内希尔萨鱼产量的下降以及价格的进一步上涨，达卡政府已暂停了从印度的进口。
Bangladesh, the world's largest hilsa producer and exporter, made headlines after importing the prized fish from India for the first time, with much of the consignments sourced from Gujarat. Now, Dhaka has halted imports even as domestic hilsa production declined and prices are expected to rise further.
孟加拉国突然停止了从印度进口希尔萨鱼的行为，原因是该国渔业部门撤销了此前发给进口商的多份“无异议证书”（NOCs）。据报道，这一决定可能是为了防止进口的印度希尔萨鱼被冒充为本地生产的希尔萨鱼或“帕德玛希尔萨鱼”（Padma hilsa）进行销售。
Bangladesh, which is the world's largest producer and exporter of the hilsa fish, has abruptly halted its ongoing imports of the same fish from India after its Department of Fisheries cancelled numerous no-objection certificates (NOCs) previously issued to importers. According to reports, the decision to suspend might have been taken to prevent imported Indian hilsa from being sold as local or Padma hilsa.
与此同时，达卡方面尚未宣布任何向印度出口希尔萨鱼的计划——而这种出口活动通常在杜尔迦节（Durga Puja）之前进行。
Meanwhile, Dhaka is yet to announce any shipments of hilsa to India, which typically take place every year prior to the Durga Puja.
上周，孟加拉国因首次从印度进口希尔萨鱼而成为新闻焦点。据PTI援引的鱼类贸易商称，这些进口鱼类主要来自古吉拉特邦，并通过该邦的巴鲁奇（Bharuch）港口运抵孟加拉国。
Last week, Bangladesh made headlines after it imported the hilsa for the first time from India. The prized fish had been "mainly sourced" from Gujarat and was shipped through Bharuch port of the state, according to fish traders quoted by PTI.
“帕德玛希尔萨鱼”被认为比其他品种更加肥美、肉质更加鲜嫩，其鱼油也具有独特的香气和甜味；而古吉拉特邦产的希尔萨鱼则较为瘦弱，其较高的鱼卵含量使其味道略带苦味。
Padma hilsa is considered to be fattier and tender than its other counterparts, while its oil is known for its unique fragrance and sweetness. Gujarati hilsa meanwhile, is leaner, and its higher roe content gives it a more bitter taste than its eastern cousins.
根据孟加拉国媒体的报道，渔业部门于9月23日撤销了至少103份允许进口商通过贝纳波尔（Benapole）陆路港口（在印度一侧称为佩特拉波尔，Petrapole）进口古吉拉特邦产希尔萨鱼的“无异议证书”。这一突然的决定让孟加拉国的进口商陷入了困境，因为此前他们已获得了进口1,739.50吨印度希尔萨鱼的许可。
According to reports from the Bangladesh media outlets, the Department of Fisheries had on Wednesday (September 23), withdrawn at least 103 NOCs that enabled importers to bring in shipments of Gujarat hilsa via the Benapole land port (which is called Petrapole on the Indian side). The fisheries department conveyed the decision in a letter signed by its acting director general, Md Khaled Kanak.
进口商赛义德·马希杜尔·哈克·鲁拜（Syed Mahidul Haque Rubai）在接受达卡《商业标准报》（The Business Standard）采访时表示，由于进口禁令的突然实施，进口商们正面临巨大的经济损失。
This abrupt decision, which came despite Dhaka having previously permitted the import of 1,739.50 tonnes of hilsa from India in the current fiscal year, has left Bangladeshi importers in the lurch. Hilsa importer Syed Mahidul Haque Rubai told the Dhaka-based newspaper The Business Standard that importers were facing significant losses due to the sudden suspension.
“我们从印度进口的鲱鱼目前还存放在那里，现在我们不得不以更低的价格将这些鱼退回印度。除此之外，进口成本本身也给我们带来了额外的损失，”他告诉该报纸。
"The hilsa we purchased in India for import are kept there. Now we will have to return it at a lower price. On top of that, we are also facing losses from the import costs," he told the newspaper.
另一位进口商齐亚乌尔·拉赫曼（Ziaur Rahman）则对达卡的《每日星报》（The Daily Star）表示：“这一突如其来的禁令让我们陷入了严重的财务困境。我们进口并储存在边境仓库中的鲱鱼现在不得不以更低的价格出售；此外，那些无法收回的进口费用也将造成巨大的损失。”
Similarly, another importer, Ziaur Rahman, told Dhaka-based media outlet The Daily Star, "The unexpected ban has pushed us towards severe financial losses. Hilsa purchased and stored in warehouses across the border will now have to be sold back at lower prices. On top of that, non-recoverable import overheads will cause significant damage."
印度研究员兼专栏作家普拉蒂姆·兰詹·博斯（Pratim Ranjan Bose）在社交媒体上指出：“孟加拉国突然取消了从印度进口鲱鱼的订单。如果印度不退还这些货物，或者突然限制对孟加拉国最大出口产品——即成服装（RMG）的进口，那将是非常荒谬且可耻的行为。印度应该退还这些货物，并让孟加拉国支付双倍的代价；这样他们才能真正明白问题的严重性。”
Meanwhile, Indian researcher and columnist, Pratim Ranjan Bose, stated that Dhaka's sudden about-face needs an appropriate response from New Delhi. Writing on X, Bose noted, "Bangladesh has suddenly cancelled a Hilsa import order from India. It would be odd and shameful for India to not give it back by putting a sudden curb on imports of RMG [Ready Made Garments, which is Bangladesh's largest export].
孟加拉国渔业部门虽然下达了取消进口许可的命令，但并未说明具体原因。
Just give it back to them. Make them pay double the price. They will know where the shoe pinches."
贝纳波尔（Benapole）渔业与质量控制办公室的 inspector 阿萨瓦杜尔·伊斯兰（Asawadul Islam）向《商业标准报》解释称，这一决定是按照渔业部门的指示作出的。
WHY WAS HILSA EXPORTING BANGLADESH IMPORTING THE PRIZED FISH FROM INDIA? The Fisheries Department of Bangladesh, which signed the order withdrawing NOCs issued to traders, has not given a specific reason as to why hilsa imports were abruptly suspended.
“由于禁令的实施，印度鲱鱼向贝纳波尔市场的供应也已被中断，”他说，“今年共进口了535公吨的鲱鱼。”
Asawadul Islam, an inspector at the Fish and Quality Control Office in Benapole, told The Business Standard that such a step was taken following instructions from the Department of Fisheries.
《商业标准报》（The Business Standard）援引未具名的“业内人士”报道称，暂停进口可能是为了“防止进口的印度鲥鱼被冒充为本地或帕德玛鲥鱼销售、遏制通过低开发票进行的潜在洗钱行为，并提高人们对国内鲥鱼生产的兴趣”。
"The supply of Indian hilsa to the Benapole market has also stopped due to the suspension," he said, adding that 535 metric tonnes of hilsa had been imported this year. The Business Standard, citing unnamed "industry insiders", reported that the suspension might have been taken to "prevent imported Indian hilsa from being sold as local or Padma hilsa, curb potential money laundering through under-invoicing and encourage greater interest in domestic hilsa production".
尽管如此，古吉拉特邦鲥鱼无论是否被当作更优质的帕德玛品种出售，已经在孟加拉国占据了至关重要的市场缝隙。尽管该国是鲥鱼的最大生产国（包括备受推崇的帕德玛品种），但其年产量近年来一直在下降。
That being said, Gujarat hilsa, whether being sold as the more premium Padma variant or not, has come to occupy a critical niche in Bangladesh. Although the country is the largest producer of the hilsa, including the highly prized Padma variant, its annual production has been on the decline for several years now.
根据孟加拉国《第一光明报》（Prothom Alo）的一篇报道，年产量已从2022年的571,324吨下降至2025年的500,000吨。因此，孟加拉国的鲥鱼价格从2018年的每公斤705塔卡飙升至8月25日的每公斤高达2,600塔卡。
According to a report in the newspaper of Bangladesh, Prothom Alo, annual production numbers have decreased from 571,324 tonnes in 2022, to 500,000 tonnes in 2025. As a result, hilsa prices in Bangladesh have soared from Tk 705 a kilo in 2018, to as high as Tk 2,600 a kilo on August 25.
正是在这种背景下，印度鲥鱼发挥了关键作用——它们大多捕捞自古吉拉特邦巴鲁奇的讷尔默达河，经豪拉的孟加拉国市场进口，价格低至每公斤57塔卡。
This is where Indian hilsa, mostly caught from the Narmada river in Gujarat's Bharuch, imported via Bangladesh markets in Howrah at prices as low as Tk 57 a kilo plays a critical role.
常驻达卡的激进派学者雷扎乌尔·拉赫曼·列宁（Rezaur Rahman Lenin）此前曾对“今日印度”数字频道（India Today Digital）表示，从印度进口鲥鱼有助于弥补当地和工业供应的短缺。据他介绍，优质的帕德玛和梅克纳品种售价高达每公斤2,800塔卡，而古吉拉特邦鲥鱼的售价则高达每公斤1,800塔卡。
Dhaka-based activist academic Rezaur Rahman Lenin had earlier told India Today Digital that hilsa imports from India help bridge local and industrial supply shortages. According to him, the premium Padma and Meghna varieties sell for up to Tk 2800 a kilo, while the Gujarat hilsa goes for upto Tk 1,800 a kilo.
此外，古吉拉特邦鲥鱼鱼卵含量高（这使其比孟加拉本土鲥鱼带有更多苦味），这意味着它也被孟加拉国的生产商购买，用于提取和销售鱼子，这在锡尔赫特等地区是一道美味佳肴。与本地鲥鱼相比，它的低成本使其成为沿海加工厂生产盐渍和风干鲥鱼的划算原料。
Additionally, the high roe content of Gujarat hilsa — which gives it a more bitter taste than its Bangladeshi cousins — means it was also being purchased by producers in Bangladesh to extract and sell the fish eggs, which are a delicacy in areas like Sylhet. Its low cost compared to local hilsa made it a cost-effective raw material for coastal processors producing salted and sun-dried hilsa.
随着进口暂停，孟加拉国对印度的出口也充满不确定性 随着达卡暂停进口古吉拉特邦的鲥鱼，今年很可能也不会批准向印度出口帕德玛河鲥鱼。
WITH IMPORTS SUSPENDED, BANGLADESH EXPORTS TO INDIA ALSO REMAIN UNCERTAIN With Dhaka having suspended imports of Gujarat hilsa, it is likely to also withhold approval for exports of Padma hilsa to India this year.
帕德玛河鲥鱼（Padmar Ilish）在印度是一种珍贵的鱼类，尤其在西孟加拉邦，美食家们对其推崇备话，认为它脂肪更多、更香，且鱼油带有独特的甜味。话虽如此，对大多数孟加拉人来说，帕德玛河鲥鱼多年来已经可望而不可即。
The Padmar Ilish (hilsa fish from the Padma) is a prized specimen in India, particularly in West Bengal, where its connoisseurs revere it for being fattier and more fragrant, and having an oil that carries a distinctive sweetness. That being said, for most Bengalis, Padma hilsa has been out of reach for years now.
2012年，时任孟加拉国总理谢赫·哈西娜领导的政府禁止向印度出口所有鲥鱼。此后，达卡仅在杜尔加女神节（Durga Puja）前夕允许以“礼物”名义进行有限的装运。
In 2012, then Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina-led government banned all hilsa exports to India. Since then, Dhaka has only allowed limited shipments, dressed up as "gifts", ahead of the Durga Puja.
今年2月上台的由孟加拉国总理塔里克·拉赫曼领导的政府至今尚未宣布任何此类“礼物”。
No such "gift" has been announced so far by the Bangladesh PM Tarique Rahman-led government which took power in February this year.
上一次此类礼品运输是在2025年，当时由穆罕默德·尤尼斯领导的临时政权允许向印度出口1200吨鲥鱼，低于2024年的2420吨。然而，实际上只有145吨运抵印度，其中包括通过佩特拉波尔口岸运送的106吨。
The last such gift shipment was in 2025, when the then Muhammad Yunus-led interim regime allowed 1,200 tonnes of hilsa to be exported to India, down from 2,420 tonnes in 2024. However, only 145 tonnes actually reached India, including 106 tonnes through Petrapole.
由于孟加拉国渔业部门尚未说明暂停从印度采购鲥鱼的具体原因，这使得那些已经采购了古吉拉特邦货物并正准备发货的孟加拉国进口商陷入了困境。
With Bangladesh's fisheries department yet to cite any specific reason for the suspension of hilsa purchases from India, it has left Bangladeshi importers who had already purchased consignments in Gujarat and were preparing to ship them in a difficult spot.