无论你走到马达加斯加的哪个角落，都能看到一种大型聚丙烯编织袋，它们被用来运输和储存从香草到水泥的各种物品。在过去的50年里，这些耐用的袋子一直由首都郊外的一家家族企业生产和销售。如今，该公司正寻求新的途径来抵御来自亚洲的廉价进口产品。
Go anywhere in Madagascar and you'll find – large woven polypropylene sacks used to transport and store everything from vanilla to cement. For the past 50 years, these hard-wearing bags have been manufactured and sold by a family-run business outside the capital. Now the company finds itself seeking new ways to resist cheaper imports from Asia.
在位于塔那那利佛郊区的Enduma公司巨大的仓库里，织布机正开足马力运转。在震耳欲聋的轰鸣声中，该公司拥有六个梭子的圆织机全天候不停歇地工作。
In Enduma’s vast warehouse on the outskirts of Antananarivo, the looms are running at full capacity. The company's six-shuttle circular weaving machines operate round the clock, amidst a deafening din.
只需几分钟，它们就能将细小的塑料颗粒变成在全国各地随处可见的袋子。
In just a few minutes, they transform tiny plastic pellets into bags that have become a familiar sight throughout the country.
“我们的经典款袋子是‘收获季’，”一名员工解释道。“字面意思就是‘收获季节’。这是你在马达加斯加几乎随处可见的袋子——它标志着稻米收获季节的开始，象征着稻田，也已成为马达加斯加的象征。”在易受洪水侵袭的马拉维，香蕉成为抵御侵蚀的屏障。顺应收获的节奏，这些印有两头瘤牛拉车图案的大型白色麻袋最多可承载250公斤农产品。它们最初的设计目的是取代更重且防水性较差的黄麻袋。
"Our classic bag is the ," explains one employee. "Literally, 'harvest season'. It’s the bag you see almost everywhere in Madagascar – it marks the start of the rice harvest season, the paddies, and has come to symbolise Madagascar." In flood-prone Malawi, bananas become a shield against erosion Working to the rhythm of harvests Bearing a picture of a cart drawn by two zebu cattle, these large white sacks can carry up to 250 kilos of produce. They were originally designed to replace jute sacks, which are heavier and less waterproof.
此后，它们在工业领域变得不可或缺，对农民而言更是如此。如今，Enduma 75%的营业额来自马达加斯加，主要集中在农业旺季。
They have since become indispensable in industry, but even more so for farmers. Today, Enduma generates 75 percent of its turnover in Madagascar, mainly during the peak agricultural seasons.
“工业需求让我们全年都能保持运转，这些行业包括农产品加工业、采矿业，以及石灰、面粉、水泥和盐业等，”Enduma所属企业集团Trimeta Group的首席执行官、创始人孙子哈萨宁·希里吉（Hassanein Hiridjee）解释道。
"There is industrial demand that keeps us working all year round, for sectors such as the agri-food industry, mining and the lime, flour, cement and salt industries, amongst others," explains Hassanein Hiridjee, the founder’s grandson and CEO of the Trimeta Group, the conglomerate that owns Enduma.
此外还有农业用途。我们在各农业部门的收获季为其供货，年初主要供应水稻，随后依次是香草、豆类、开普豌豆和盐。他表示，不同作物收获的节奏使得全年需求保持高位。
"Then there are the agricultural uses. We supply the various farming sectors during their harvest seasons, with the start of the year focused mainly on rice, followed by vanilla, pulses, Cape peas and salt." The rhythm of the various harvests keeps demand high throughout the year, he says.
收成越好，公司售出的袋子就越多。其成功与马达加斯加农作物的状况、天气及其连锁反应紧密相连。
The better the harvests, the more bags the company sells. Its success is intimately entwined with the state of Madagascar's crops, the weather and its knock-on effects.
看看那些势头正劲的肯尼亚人，他们正在制造未来的电动汽车。来自亚洲的竞争。与马达加斯加许多制造商一样，Enduma不得不应对频繁的停电。另一个挑战是来自中国或印度的进口编织袋，这些袋子往往质量较差，缺乏可追溯性，且未获得食品接触安全认证——当然，它们的售价也更低。面对竞争，公司决定多元化其业务。
Meet the Kenyans on a roll, manufacturing the electric vehicles of the future Competition from Asia Like many of Madagascar's manufacturers, Enduma has to contend with recurring power cuts. Another challenge is imported woven bags made in China or India, which are often of lesser quality, lack traceability and are not certified safe to be in contact with food – and which are, of course, sold at lower prices. Faced with competition, the company has decided to diversify its activities.
希里吉指向Enduma的回收加工车间。“这是因停电、纬线更换、线轴更换等产生的生产废料。我们能够将这些干净的废料重新加工成颗粒，然后作为原材料，主要用于生产盆、桶之类的产品。”Enduma将于年底庆祝成立50周年。这家完全由家族拥有的公司正计划扩大其业务规模。它正依靠自身实力推动发展，希望将马达加斯加的专业经验出口到印度洋彼岸及整个非洲大陆。
Hiridjee gestures to Enduma's recycling and processing workshop. "This is production waste resulting from power cuts, changes in wefts, spools, and so on. We're able to reprocess this clean waste into granules, which then become the raw materials to make mostly basins, buckets and that sort of thing." Enduma celebrates its 50th anniversary at the end of the year. Still entirely family-owned, the company aims to scale up its operations. And it is banking on its to power its development, hoping to export Malagasy expertise over the Indian Ocean and across the African continent.