土耳其驻梵蒂冈大使法赫雷丁·阿尔顿周二表示，宗教与外交可以通过鼓励对话、维护人的尊严以及促进不同背景人群和谐共处，在推动和平方面发挥关键作用。
Türkiye’s Ambassador to the Vatican Fahrettin Altun said on Tuesday that religion and diplomacy can play a key role in promoting peace by encouraging dialogue, human dignity and coexistence among people of different backgrounds.
“人类能否在保持差异的同时，学会和平共处？”阿尔顿在Carita Politica组织举办的一场活动上发言时提出上述问题，并指出，在战争、流离失所、不平等以及对国际机构失去信任的背景下，这一问题尤其具有现实意义。
“Can humanity learn to live together, in peace, while remaining different?”Altun asked in a speech at an event organized by the Carita Politica organization, arguing that the question was particularly relevant amid wars, displacement, inequality and a crisis of confidence in international institutions.
阿尔顿表示，世界不仅正经历政治和地缘政治危机，也在经历“一场人类学与道德危机”。他认为，现代消费文化日益以人们拥有、消费和渴望的东西来定义他们。
Altun said the world was experiencing not only political and geopolitical crises but also “an anthropological and moral crisis,” arguing that modern consumer culture increasingly defines people through what they possess, consume and desire. He said religious traditions offer an alternative understanding of humanity by emphasizing responsibility, sacrifice, meaning and the ability to transcend the boundaries of the self.
他说，宗教传统强调责任、牺牲、意义以及超越自我边界的能力，为理解人类提供了另一种视角。
“Religious traditions also represent a profound moral challenge to the reductionist conception of the human being in our age,” he said.
“宗教传统也对当代将人简化为单一概念的观念提出了深刻的道德挑战。”他说。
Referring to the Quran, Altun highlighted the principle that human dignity belongs to all people, regardless of political identity, nationality or ethnicity.
阿尔顿援引《古兰经》，强调人的尊严属于所有人，无论其政治认同、国籍或族裔如何。
He also cited the Quranic concept of lita'arafu, meaning “so that you may know one another,” saying differences should be understood as an invitation to encounter rather than a source of conflict.
他还引用了《古兰经》中的“利塔阿拉法”（lita'arafu）概念，其含义是“，以便你们相互认识”，并表示，差异应被理解为相遇的邀请，而非冲突的根源。
“When we encounter difference, we essentially have two choices,” he said.
“当我们面对差异时，实际上有两种选择。”他说，“我们可以把对方视为威胁，也可以尝试了解对方。前者会滋生恐惧，后者能让对话成为可能。”他补充道。
“We can perceive the other as a threat. Or we can attempt to know the other.”“The first produces fear. The second makes dialogue possible,” he added.
阿尔顿表示，外交不应局限于处理国家之间的关系，而应超越这一范围；他将外交描述为“承认他者存在的艺术”。他强调，对话并不要求人们放弃自身的宗教或文化身份。
Altun said diplomacy should go beyond the management of relations between states, describing it as “the art of recognizing the existence of the other.”He stressed that dialogue does not require people to abandon their religious or cultural identities.
“穆斯林可以继续做穆斯林，基督徒可以继续做基督徒，信徒与不信者都可以忠实于各自的信念，”他说，“他们仍可以围绕人的尊严凝聚在一起。”
“A Muslim can remain a Muslim. A Christian can remain a Christian. A believer and a non-believer can remain faithful to their respective convictions,” he said.
“团结并不意味着整齐划一，”他补充说，并呼吁实现“有共同之处而不强求一致，有差异而不相互敌对，有身份认同而不排斥他人”。阿尔通说，国际政治不能仅仅依赖权力和利益的盘算，可持续的和平需要正义感。
“And still they can meet around the dignity of the human person.”“Unity does not require uniformity,” he added, calling for “commonality without uniformity,” “difference without hostility” and “identity without exclusion.”
“当国际关系完全被简化为权力计算时，强国的利益迟早会凌驾于正义的要求之上，”他说。
Altun said international politics cannot rely solely on calculations of power and interests, and that sustainable peace requires a sense of justice.
他说，宗教传统可以提醒政策制定者关注政治决定给人类带来的后果，包括涉及战争、制裁和移民的决定。
“When international relations are reduced entirely to calculations of power, sooner or later the interests of the powerful commence to override the requirements of justice,” he said.
在人工智能问题上，阿尔通说，技术进步也提出了关于人类的基本问题，例如：“何谓人类？”“技术无法替我们回答这些问题。市场无法回答。权力也无法回答，”他说，并认为这些问题需要从哲学、伦理和宗教中寻找答案。阿尔通说，不能仅仅把和平理解为没有冲突或签署协议。
He said religious traditions could remind policymakers of the human consequences behind political decisions, including those concerning war, sanctions and migration. On artificial intelligence, Altun said technological advances also raise fundamental questions about humanity, such as: “What does it mean to be human?”“Technology cannot answer these questions for us. Markets cannot answer them. Power cannot answer them,” he said, arguing that they require philosophy, ethics and religion.
“和平恰恰始于这一刻，”他说。他所说的是这样一个时刻：一个人跨越国界、宗教、文明和政治分歧，认出另一个人是“同为人类的一员”。
Altun said peace should not be understood solely as the absence of conflict or theg of agreements. “Peace starts precisely there,” he said, referring to the moment when one person can recognize another as “a fellow human being” across borders, religions, civilizations and political disagreements.
圣座负责各国及国际组织关系事务的秘书长、枢机主教保罗·理查德·加勒格说，梵蒂冈认为宗教自由和礼拜自由是首要的基本权利。
Archbishop Paul Richard Gallagher, the Holy See’s secretary for relations with states and international organizations, said the Vatican considers freedom of religion and worship the first of fundamental rights.
加拉格尔表示，梵蒂冈和宗教团体可以为和平与外交作出贡献，并称梵蒂冈“可能是实际运作的外交机构中最古老的”。
Gallagher said the Vatican and religious communities can contribute to peace and diplomacy, describing the Vatican as “probably the oldest institution of operational diplomacy.”
谈及多边体系面临的危机，加拉格尔说：“我们正在目睹多边体系的自主性演变为如今无人能够终结的危机。”
Referring to crises in the multilateral system, Gallagher said: “We are witnessing the self-determination of the multilateral system turning into crises that no one can now end.”