新德里，10月1日：由于六个月前政府实施了严格的检测规定，尽管如此仍有数百种未经授权的产品在亚马逊和沃尔玛旗下的Flipkart平台上被出售，因此这两家公司开始对平台上列出的监控摄像头产品进行安全检查。
NEW DELHI, Oct 1 : Amazon and Walmart's Flipkart have begun checking security camera listings on their platforms in India after hundreds of unlicensed products were offered for sale despite strict government testing rules imposed six months ago amid concerns about espionage risks.
据两位熟悉这些检查流程的人士透露，在路透社发现这些违规销售情况后，这两家在印度占据主导地位的电子商务公司立即开始审查第三方卖家和品牌在其平台上发布的联网监控摄像头产品。这些人士表示，任何未经政府批准的产品都将被立即下架。
The two e-commerce companies, which dominate online shopping in India, were reviewing internet-enabled surveillance cameras listed by third-party sellers and brands on their platforms after Reuters discovered the listings, two people familiar with the checks said. Any without government approval would be removed, the people said.
亚马逊在电子邮件中拒绝置评，而Flipkart则没有回应路透社的询问。
Amazon, in an email, declined to comment, while Flipkart did not respond to Reuters queries.
从道路到家庭，监控摄像头在印度已经无处不在，相关产业规模已达44亿美元。但未经批准的在线销售行为“令人十分担忧”，曾任印度总理莫迪网络安全主管的古尔尚·赖（Gulshan Rai）表示：“一旦摄像头被黑客入侵，它既可能成为监控工具，也可能成为网络攻击的入口。”
From roads to homes, security cameras have become ubiquitous across India, fuelling an industry worth $4.4 billion, but unapproved sales online are a "serious concern", said Gulshan Rai, who was Prime Minister Narendra Modi's cybersecurity chief from 2015 to 2019. "A compromised camera can become both a surveillance risk and a cybersecurity entry point," he told Reuters.
路透社本周的分析显示，在亚马逊和Flipkart平台上列出的约770款监控摄像头产品中，有700多款属于未获得印度标准局（Bureau of Indian Standards）认证的型号。
A Reuters analysis this week found more than 700 of roughly 770 internet security camera listings on Amazon and Flipkart were for models that were not on the Bureau of Indian Standards' public database of approved brands or cameras.
自2024年4月起，监控摄像头制造商必须将其硬件和软件提交给印度标准局进行检测，才能在该国销售产品。这些规定的出台反映了新德里方面对敏感监控数据可能被转移到国外的日益担忧。今年4月，德里警方曾揭露了一个与巴基斯坦有关的网络间谍组织，该组织利用中国制造的联网监控摄像头在印度北部军事设施附近采集实时视频，并将其传输给巴基斯坦方面的相关人员。
Since April, surveillance camera manufacturers have been required to submit hardware and software for testing to obtain certification from the standards bureau before they can sell their equipment in the world's most populous country. The rules, first announced in 2024, reflect growing concern in New Delhi that sensitive footage could be transferred abroad. In April, the Delhi police said they had uncovered a Pakistan-linked spying network that used Chinese-made SIM-enabled CCTVs near military sites in northern India to send live footage to handlers in Pakistan.
自周二以来，至少有十几款产品被从各大电商平台下架，其中包括海康威视（Hikvision）旗下的 EZVIZ 品牌的两款产品；目前亚马逊上显示这些产品为“暂时不可购买”。
Since Tuesday, at least a dozen listings have been removed from the e-commerce platforms, including at least two models from Hikvision's EZVIZ brand, which Amazon now shows as "currently unavailable".
据 Counterpoint Research 去年向路透社透露，海康威视和浙江大华科技（Zhejiang Dahua Technology）合计占据了印度安全摄像头市场的 30% 市场份额。这两家公司均未回应路透社的采访请求。
Hikvision and Zhejiang Dahua Technology had 30 per cent of the Indian security camera market, Counterpoint Research told Reuters last year. The companies did not respond to Reuters requests for comment.
印度标准局（Bureau of Indian Standards）也未立即对路透社的咨询作出回应。
The Bureau of Indian Standards did not immediately respond to Reuters' requests for comment about the listings.
“随时随地都能查看实时视频”全球电商巨头在印度经常因在其平台上销售被禁止或受限的产品而受到批评，这些产品包括电子香烟、性别检测工具以及受保护的野生动物制品。
'LIVE FOOTAGE FROM ANYWHERE'
路透社在亚马逊上发现了至少八款来自海康威视和大华科技的未经授权的 WiFi 相机产品。由于涉及与北京相关的安全问题，美国已禁止其政府机构购买这些产品的设备。
Global e-commerce giants have often come under fire in India for having restricted products, including e-cigarettes, gender-test kits and banned wildlife products, listed on their platforms. Reuters found at least eight unlicensed WiFi camera models from Hikvision and Dahua on Amazon.
其他被下架的产品还包括 Maizic Smarthomes——该公司自称是印度最畅销的智能安防品牌。根据印度标准局的网站显示，Maizic 在亚马逊上销售的 138 款 WiFi 相机产品均未获得印度政府的批准。其中一些产品被设计成可嵌入灯泡中使用。
The US has barred its government agencies from buying some of their equipment over Beijing-related security concerns. Other listings included Maizic Smarthomes, which describes itself as India's best-selling AI security brand. None of its 138 "wifi camera" offerings on Amazon, including some slotted inside bulbs, had an Indian approval, the standards bureau's website showed.
Maizic India 在亚马逊上销售的一款产品声称：“这款‘鱼眼灯泡 WiFi 360 度相机’可通过智能手机或平板电脑实时传输全球任何地方的视频。”Maizic 的联合创始人桑托什·库马尔·辛格（Santosh Kumar Singh）向路透社表示，该公司已取消了产品的 WiFi 功能，这些设备目前仅能通过直接连接附近的移动设备来使用（即无法实现实时视频传输），直到获得政府批准为止。
One listing sold by Maizic India on Amazon said its "Fish Eye Bulb WiFi 360 Degree Camera" connected to a WiFi network, "allowing you to stream live footage from anywhere in the world through your smartphone or tablet." Maizic co-founder Santosh Kumar Singh told Reuters it had removed WiFi functionality that allowed live feeds from its cameras and the devices would only be enabled for direct connectivity with a nearby mobile device until it secured government approval.
间谍风险路透社查阅的一份机密邮件显示，今年 7 月，亚马逊在标准局注册负责人苏贾塔·塔马迪（Sujatha Thammadi）的投诉后，以产品未获得必要批准为由，要求相关卖家下架其产品。塔米迪没有回应路透社的置评请求。截至周四，仍有数百个商品页面在线。
ESPIONAGE RISK In July, a confidential email reviewed by Reuters showed, Amazon told one of its sellers it was removing its camera listing for not having the necessary approval marks, following a complaint by Sujatha Thammadi, the standards bureau's head of registration. Thammadi did not respond to Reuters' request for comment. Hundreds of listings remained online as of Thursday.
一款大华无线半球摄像头在亚马逊上以779印度卢比（8.10美元）的价格挂牌出售，此前享受了70%的折扣。与此同时，大华的热门品牌Imou在亚马逊印度站拥有专门页面，其中设有宣传视频、室内和室外WiFi摄像头分类，以及“Hot Selling”（热销）板块。一名消息人士称，亚马逊已决定删除该品牌页面。
One Dahua Wireless Dome Camera was listed on Amazon for 779 Indian rupees ($8.10) after a 70 per cent discount. Dahua's popular brand Imou, meanwhile, has a dedicated page on Amazon India — with promotional videos, separate indoor and outdoor WiFi camera categories and a "Hot Selling" section. One of the sources said Amazon had decided to remove the brand page.