东京——据《日经新闻》获悉，日本计划研发一种成本更低、射程更远的巡航导弹，以便大量部署以消耗敌方的防空力量。
TOKYO -- Japan plans to produce a less-expensive, long-range cruise missile that can be deployed in large numbers to deplete a target's air defenses, Nikkei has learned.
这种用于打击舰船及类似目标的陆基导弹最早将于下个财政年度开始研发。该武器是日本大力发展防区外导弹计划的一部分——这类导弹可从敌方攻击范围之外发射。
The ground-based missile, to be used against ships and similar targets, will begin development next fiscal year at the earliest. The weapon is part of a push by Japan to roll out stand-off missiles, which are launched from outside an enemy's attack range.
该导弹的一大特点就是大量采用民用零部件，从而大幅降低生产成本。它将成为日本现有的25型舰对舰导弹以及美国制造的“战斧”导弹的重要补充。
A key feature of the missile will be the use of civilian components, which will significantly cut production costs. The missile will complement Japan's Type 25 surface-to-ship guided missiles and U.S.-made Tomahawk missiles.
常规导弹的造价十分昂贵。一枚“战斧”导弹的成本约为4亿日元（约合254万美元）。由于预算有限，若需要采购足够数量的常规导弹来突破敌方防空网，日本将面临成本劣势。
Conventional missiles are expensive. One Tomahawk missile costs approximately 400 million yen ($2.54 million). With a limited budget, Japan would be at a cost disadvantage if it needs to acquire the number of conventional missiles necessary to penetrate enemy air defenses.
新研发的导弹即便在精准度和威力方面有所折损，成本也会大幅降低。为此，导弹弹头将被设计得更轻，同时也会采用性能逊于军用级传感器的民用摄像头。
The new missiles will be cheaper, even if it means sacrificing accuracy and power. This involves making the warhead lighter and using civilian cameras that perform lower than military-grade sensors.
研发这种导弹的初衷是让它们容易被敌方拦截，从而消耗掉对方的拦截导弹储备。这样一来，后续发射的日本导弹就更有可能击中目标。
The idea is to allow the new missiles to be shot down by the enemy and deplete the other side's arsenal of interceptor missiles. Then subsequent missiles fired by Japan will be more likely to hit the target.
美国早已研发出成本大幅降低的同类导弹。由Zone 5 Technologies公司研发的“Rusty Dagger”巡航导弹，每枚成本仅相当于4000万日元，约为“战斧”导弹成本的十分之一。
Missiles with significantly lower costs have already been developed in the U.S. The Rusty Dagger cruise missile, developed by Zone 5 Technologies, costs the equivalent of 40 million yen per missile, about a tenth of the Tomahawk missile.
这一新导弹研发计划将在今年年底最终定稿的三份重要安全文件中予以明确。新导弹预计于2029财年完成研制，最快2030财年便可开始大规模量产。这些导弹预计将由日本陆上自卫队负责使用。
The plan to develop the new missile will be clearly stated in the three major security documents to be finalized at the end of the year. The missiles will be produced by fiscal 2029, and full-scale mass production is expected to begin as early as fiscal 2030. The ground Self-Defense Force is expected to operate the missiles.
将通过招标程序来选定导弹研发企业。此前，三菱重工与川崎重工已成功中标，负责为日本自卫队研发导弹。
A bidding process will be held to choose a developer. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and Kawasaki Heavy Industries have won prior bids to develop missiles for the Self-Defense Forces.
三菱重工已为陆上自卫队研发了多代地对舰导弹，包括88式、12式以及25式导弹。川崎重工则在反坦克导弹及其他武器的制造方面拥有丰富经验。
Mitsubishi Heavy has produced successive generations of surface-to-ship guided missiles for the Ground Self-Defense Force, including the Type 88, the Type 12, and the Type 25. Kawasaki Heavy has a track record of manufacturing anti-tank missiles and other weapons.
除重工业企业外，三菱电机和东芝等电子制造商也为自卫队提供短程及中程导弹。
Apart from heavy industry companies, electronics manufacturers such as Mitsubishi Electric and Toshiba supply short and medium-range missiles for the SDF.
在国产新型导弹研发完成前，自卫队计划于2029财年从海外供应商处采购导弹。
Before the domestic development of the new missiles, the SDF plans to acquire missiles from overseas suppliers in fiscal 2029.
目前，美国国防科技初创企业安杜里尔工业公司生产的“梭鱼-500”导弹正在候选之列。
The Barracuda-500 missile from U.S. defense tech startup Anduril Industries is being considered.
导弹价格问题一直备受争议，尤其是在美国用价格昂贵的导弹拦截成本较低的攻击型无人机这一事件之后。在当今战争中，低成本无人机已日益普及，类似理念也正逐渐应用于导弹领域。
The price of missiles has been a subject of debate, particularly after the U.S. used expensive missiles to intercept inexpensive offensive drones during the conflict with Iran. In modern warfare, inexpensive drones have become standard, and a similar concept is taking root for missiles.