本周早些时候，加利福尼亚州州长加文·纽森签署了一项法案，规定对私营拘留中心征收25%的税。该政策适用于该州所有与美国移民和海关执法局（ICE）有合作关系的拘留设施。纽森在新闻稿中表示：“如果我们无法取缔这些私营设施，那就从它们的利润入手。”纽森称此举旨在抵制唐纳德·特朗普总统的移民管控政策以及他所认为的联邦执法职能私有化趋势。
California Gov. Gavin Newsom signed a bill earlier this week that would impose a 25% tax on private detention centers, a policy that would apply to all the facilities that partner with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) in the Golden State. "If we can’t kick out private facilities, we’ll go after their profits," Newsom said in a press release. The move, which Newsom hailed as a way to push back against President Donald Trump’s immigration crackdown and what he sees as the practice of privatizing federal enforcement, is raising concerns among immigration experts who believe the increased tax could force the government to explore alternative facilities less suited to housing detainees.
不过，这一举措也引发了移民问题专家的担忧：增税措施可能迫使政府转而寻求其他并不适合关押被拘留者的设施。此外，如果ICE在加州的8处拘留设施全部暂停运营，将会产生何种后果也成了人们关注的焦点。
It also poses questions about what would happen if all eight of ICE's detention facilities chose to suspend their operations in California.
保守派智库“推动美国自由”组织的高级法律研究员兼移民问题专家汉斯·冯·斯帕科夫斯基持类似观点。他在接受福克斯新闻数字频道采访时指出：“这项加税措施的目的非常明确，就是确保联邦政府在加州找不到任何愿意出租场地给联邦政府的私人业主或承包商。”斯帕科夫斯基解释称，这样一来，联邦政府只能转而考察其拥有的各类联邦物业——这些物业不受纽森或加州其他官员的征税管辖——看看是否有可改作拘留设施使用的场所，比如仓库或办公空间。
CITIZENS BANK CUTS TIES WITH ICE PRISON CONTRACTORS AFTER MONTHS OF ACTIVIST PRESSURE That’s the view of Hans von Spakovsky, senior legal fellow and an immigration expert with Advancing American Freedom, a conservative-leaning think tank. "It's very clear that there's only one purpose to this California gigantic tax increase, and that is to make sure that the federal government cannot find any private property owners, any private contractors in California that are willing to lease space to the federal government," Spakovsky said in an interview with Fox News Digital. "The alternative for the federal government is to look at all the different federal properties that the government actually owns out there, over which neither Newsom or anybody else in California can impose any kind of tax, and see if any of those federal facilities can be converted to being a detention facility."
这项新颁布的AB 1633号法案是纽森周二签署的20项法案之一。
Spakovsky explained that could mean repurposing warehouses or office space.
根据该法案的规定，目前这项25%的税收政策适用于所有私人拘留设施的总收入，同时也适用于联邦、州和地方政府的合同承包商。法案明确指出，这些税收收入将用于设立一个名为“Due Process for All Fund”的专项基金，专门用于与移民相关的服务。AB 1633法案现已正式签署成为法律，将于2028年7月1日正式生效。除了这项法案外，纽森州长还签署了一系列其他限制措施。
The newly minted law, AB 1633, is among 20 other bills that Newsom signed on Tuesday. In its current form, the 25% tax applies to the gross income of any private detention facility and applies to federal, state and local contract recipients. Revenue from the bill will go to a "Due Process for All Fund," designated for immigration-related services, according to the bill’s language. Now that AB 1633 has been signed into law, it will go into effect on July 1, 2028. Alongside the bill, Newsom signed a handful of other restrictions.
纽森州长表示：“我们同样禁止在执法活动中使用电击手套这种具有‘奥威尔式’性质的工具，并进一步保障公民进入我们的司法系统的权利。虽然我们无法直接制定联邦移民政策，但我们可以明确表示：在加利福尼亚州发生的任何行为都必须遵守加利福尼亚州的法律。”
ICE EYES $20M PURCHASE OF ELECTRIC SHOCK GLOVES AS HOCHUL WARNS OF LEGAL CONSEQUENCES "We’re also banning the Orwellian practice of using shock gloves in enforcement activity as well as further protecting access to our court system," Newsom said. "We may not be able to dictate federal immigration policy, but we can make clear that activities taking place in California will be subject to California law."
然而，斯帕科夫斯基认为，这项法案实际上会限制联邦移民执法部门的行动空间。他指出，根据美国移民与海关执法局（ICE）的报告，该部门在很大程度上依赖私人承包商来运营拘留设施，以节省建设新设施的成本。斯帕科夫斯基指出：“根据那份报告，目前ICE拥有的拘留设施仅能容纳约6.6万名外国人；这已经达到了联邦政府规定的最大拘留容量。如果整个州的私人承包商都认为这项税收政策过于苛刻，那么ICE的总体拘留能力很可能会下降。”
Despite Newsom’s framing, Spakovsky believes the governor will affect federal immigration law enforcement by limiting the overall space it has to operate. He pointed to reporting from Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) that details its detention needs. He explained that the government relies on private contractors, at least partially, to avoid the costs of building their own facilities. "If you look at that report, currently ICE has about enough detention space for about sixty-six thousand aliens. Okay, that's the full size of the federal government's detention capacity," Spakovsky said.
根据美国国土安全部（DHS）的统计，加利福尼亚州共有8家由私人机构运营的移民拘留设施：其中5家由GEO集团（一家惩教公司）所有，1家由Imperial Valley Gateway Center LLC公司所有；另外2家由CoreCivic公司负责运营，其合同有效期分别为2027年和2029年。
If an entire state’s private detention contractors decided the tax is too high, ICE’s overall capacity could shrink. California is home to eight ICE detention facilities, according to reporting from the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). All of them are privately operated.
尽管这项法案要到 2028 年才会正式生效（也就是特朗普第二个任期的最后一年），但斯帕科夫斯基认为，政府很可能会尽早开始寻找其他合作伙伴，以满足自身的拘留需求。美国移民与海关执法局（ICE）经常在全国范围内对非法移民、杀人犯及恋童癖者实施逮捕。斯帕科夫斯基表示：“如果我是联邦政府，而在加利福尼亚州找不到足够的联邦政府所属设施来执行这些任务，那我就会选择邻近的、更愿意合作的州；我可以将被拘留的非法移民转移到这些州，并在当地租赁或租用相应的设施。”
The GEO Group, a corrections company, owns five facilities. Imperial Valley Gateway Center LLC, a local detention company, owns one more. Two more were purchased by DHS in July but are run by CoreCivic, a prison company, and have contracts through 2027 and 2029. Although the bill won’t go into effect until 2028, in Trump’s last year of his second term, Spakovsky believes that the government might begin evaluating where else it can find partnerships to meet its detention needs sooner rather than later. ICE MAKES NATIONWIDE ARRESTS OF ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS, MURDERERS, PEDOPHILES IN HOLIDAY BLITZ "Look, if I was the federal government and I couldn't find enough federal properties in California to do this, I would then go into neighboring friendlier states that I could quickly transport aliens I've detained and I would lease and rent facilities there." "I'd go to Arizona.
他还补充道：“我会考虑亚利桑那州或内华达州——这些州可能会欢迎联邦政府的投资，并且私营承包商在这些设施的建设过程中也能创造更多的就业机会。”
I'd potentially go to Nevada. I'd go to other states where they might be eager for federal government money and the increased employment from private contractors hiring people to work on these facilities." diately respond to a request for comment from Fox News Digital.