美国对伊朗的战争引发了当地罪犯或被边缘化的年轻男子受雇匿名袭击欧洲和北美的犹太和美国目标的小规模袭击，专家表示。
U.K. Base Would Be Ambitious Target for ‘Gig Economy’ Warfare The U.S. war in Iran unleashed small-scale attacks by local criminals or disenfranchised young men hired anonymously to target Jewish and American sites in Europe and North America, experts say.
当美国在二月点燃对伊朗的战争时，反恐分析师为中东以外的报复性袭击做好了准备。实际发生的是针对欧洲和北美犹太和美国目标的约20起小规模纵火和爆炸袭击。
When the United States ignited a war against Iran in February, counterterrorism analysts braced for reprisal attacks outside the Middle East. What materialized was a string of about 20 small-scale arson and bombing attacks against Jewish and American targets in Europe and North America.
然后，上周日，在伊朗称为“合法目标”的英国空军基地外，警方逮捕并随后释放了五名男子，涉及一个反恐专家称呼应先前模式的可疑阴谋。
Then, last Sunday, outside a British air base that Iran had branded a “legitimate target,” the police arrested and later released five men in a murky plot that counterterrorism experts said echoed the previous pattern.
英国首相安迪·伯纳姆表示有“强烈迹象表明伊朗参与其中”，一名英伊双重国籍公民也被捕。此外，英国反恐警方周五指控两名伊朗男子涉嫌策划针对曼彻斯特地区犹太人的恐怖袭击。当局称，这些男子组装了自制炸药部件并对潜在目标进行了侦察。
Prime Minister Andy Burnham of Britain said there were “strong indications that Iran played a part,” and a British-Iranian national was also arrested. In addition, the British counterterrorism police charged two Iranian men on Friday in a suspected terrorist plot targeting Jews in the Manchester area. The men assembled components for homemade explosives and conducted reconnaissance on potential targets, the authorities said.
专家表示，虽然之前的袭击通常发生在夜间，未造成人员伤亡且损毁往往轻微，但袭击空军基地将代表严重升级。
While the previous attacks often occurred at night, with no loss of life and often superficial damage, an assault on an air base would represent a serious escalation, experts said.
驻华盛顿的反恐专家和安全顾问阿德里安·什图尼表示：“那将是野心的飞跃和代理人战役的演变。”他说，与之前袭击中柔性的象征性目标不同，英国军事基地被用于美国对伊朗的打击。
“That would be a jump in ambition and an evolution of the proxy campaign,” said Adrian Shtuni, a counterterroism expert and security consultant based in Washington. Unlike the soft, symbolic targets in the previous attacks, he said, the British military base was used for U.S. strikes on Iran.
这种恐怖袭击风格有时被称为“零工经济混合战争模式”。专家称，伊朗在俄罗斯在欧洲使用后采用了这种模式。它涉及“一次性代理人”或“中间人”。他们通过Telegram聊天群或其他在线场所被识别，不知道是谁雇佣了他们。
This style of terrorist attack is sometimes referred to as the “gig economy hybrid model of warfare.”Iran adopted it after Russia used it in Europe, experts said. It involves “disposable agents” or “cutouts.”Identified through Telegram chat groups or other online venues, they do not know who is hiring them.