随着乌克兰将战火更多地引向俄罗斯，其影响在道路上可能最为明显。
Russians Snap Up Chinese E.V.s as Ukrainian Attacks Make Fuel Scarce As Ukraine increasingly takes the war to Russia, the effects may be most visible on the roads.
俄罗斯汽车业顶尖专家谢尔盖·采利科夫（Sergei Tselikov）曾拥有超过20辆汽车，包括沃尔沃、大众和路虎，且均为汽油车。
Sergei Tselikov, Russia’s leading auto industry expert, has owned more than 20 vehicles, including a Volvo, a Volkswagen and a Range Rover. All had gasoline engines.
但今年7月，随着乌克兰无人机袭击炼油厂导致全国司机在加油站排队数小时，他购买了一辆全电动中国掀背车。
But in July, as Ukrainian drone strikes against oil refineries left drivers across the country waiting for hours at gas stations, he bought a fully electric Chinese hatchback.
他不得不迅速行动——由于需求激增，这款由长城汽车制造的车型价格在几天内上涨了约2000美元。
He had to act quickly — the price of the car, made by Great Wall Motor, went up by about $2,000 within days as demand surged.
他说：“我试着给其中一辆车加油，绕着附近五家加油站转了一圈，但它们只有柴油或低标号汽油。”他指的是政府为应对短缺而允许销售的劣质燃料。“我只是懒得排队。”自6月底以来，俄罗斯的电动汽车市场已翻倍以上。
“I tried to fill up one of my cars and drove around to five nearby gas stations, but they had only diesel or lower-grade petrol,” he said, referring to the poorer-quality fuels the government has allowed to be sold to address the shortages. “I was just too lazy to stand in line.”As Ukraine increasingly takes the war to Russia, the effects may be most visible on the roads.
该国销售的大部分电动汽车来自中国，这证明了莫斯科为应对西方战时制裁而进行的经济转向。俄罗斯正在奋起直追。
Since the end of June, Russia’s electric-vehicle market has more than doubled. Most of the E.V.s sold in the country are Chinese, a testament to Moscow’s economic pivot in response to Western wartime sanctions. Russia is playing catch-up.
多年来，当其他国家建设电动汽车供应链和充电基础设施时，俄罗斯却视而不见。作为世界顶级石油生产国之一的地位曾使汽油保持廉价。
For years, while other nations built out E.V. supply chains and charging infrastructure, Russia looked the other way. Its position as one of the world’s top oil producers used to keep gasoline cheap.
主要城市间的广阔距离意味着，如果没有保证的需求，充电网络在经济上不可行。
Vast distances between major cities meant charging networks were economically unviable without guaranteed demand.
此外，严酷的冬季要求汽车制造商对车型进行重大气候适应性改造。
And harsh winters required automakers to heavily adapt models to the climate.