新加坡：为缓解残障人士毕业后的“18岁悬崖”困境，一个专项工作组建议加强特殊教育学校的职业体验机会，并提供更强大的就业支持。
SINGAPORE: To ease the “post-18 cliff” faced by people with disabilities after graduation, a task force has recommended enhancing work exposure opportunities in special education (SPED) schools and stronger job support.
该五人工作组在周日（10月4日）发布的报告中指出，许多家庭担忧这一“悬崖”——即亲人年满18岁离校后，能否找到并保住工作、独立生活以及保持与社区的联系存在不确定性。
In a report released on Sunday (Oct 4), the five-member task force said many families worry about this “cliff” – the uncertainty over whether their loved ones will be able to find and keep a job, live independently and remain connected to their communities after leaving school at 18.
工作组表示：“许多照护者也担心，当他们自己无法再照顾亲人时会发生什么。最重要的是，家庭希望得到保证，让他们不必独自面对未来。”
“Many caregivers also worried about what would happen when they were no longer able to care for their loved ones. Above all, families wanted the assurance that they would not have to navigate the future alone,” the task force said.
工作组指出，随着进入职场或接受进一步培训的特殊教育毕业生人数增加，将有更多残障人士需要就业支持。
It said more people with disabilities will need employment support as the number of SPED graduates moving into work or further training grows.
根据人力部数据，15至64岁残障人士的就业率从2024年的33.6%上升至2025年的34.7%。
The employment rate of people with disabilities aged 15 to 64 years rose from 33.6 per cent in 2024 to 34.7 per cent in 2025, according to Ministry of Manpower data.
拟议措施旨在培养学生的就业准备技能，使培训更易获取，并帮助他们获得工作。工作组还建议加强就业支持服务，并简化补助金的申请流程。
The proposed measures aim to build students’ work-ready skills, make training more accessible and help them get jobs. The task force also recommended strengthening employment support services and streamlining access to grants.
残障人士家庭保障专项工作组由总理黄循财于2025年12月宣布成立。自今年年初以来，该工作组一直与残障人士、照护者、雇主、社区伙伴及其他利益相关方就就业、社区生活及可负担性等问题进行交流。有关提升残障服务可负担性的措施已于上月公布。
The Taskforce on Assurance for Families with Persons with Disabilities was announced by Prime Minister Lawrence Wong in December 2025. Since the start of the year, it has been engaging people with disabilities, caregivers, employers, community partners and other stakeholders on issues including employment, community living and affordability. Measures to help with the affordability of disability services were announced last month.
在内务与社会发展部高级政务部长吴佩明于“赋能村”举行的新闻发布会上表示：“我们希望确保特殊教育机构的学生们所学到的知识，能够拓宽他们未来求职时的选择空间。”吴佩明补充道，工作小组提出的建议将进一步完善并强化《2030赋能总体规划》。
Speaking at a press conference at the Enabling Village, Senior Minister of State for Home Affairs and Social and Family Development Goh Pei Ming said: “We want to ensure that whatever they have learnt within the SPED schools strengthen, enlarge the pathway that they are able to consider, when they look for employment." The task force's recommendations will add on and reinforce the Enabling Master Plan 2030, Mr Goh added.
除吴佩明外，工作小组的其他成员还包括：卫生及数字发展与信息部政务部长拉哈尤·马兹姆；社会及家庭发展部与法律部高级政务次长蔡瑞隆；人力及财政部高级政务次长黄净炜；教育及国家发展部高级政务次长赛义德·哈伦·阿尔哈布西。
Besides Mr Goh, the other members of the task force are: Minister of State for Health and Digital Development and Information Rahayu Mahzam; Senior Parliamentary Secretary for Social and Family Development and Law Eric Chua; Senior Parliamentary Secretary for Manpower and Finance Shawn Huang; and Senior Parliamentary Secretary for Education and National Development Syed Harun Alhabsyi.
培养适应职场的能力工作小组指出，部分残障人士难以掌握职场所需的实用技能与软技能，如沟通、人际交往及组织能力。这些能力的欠缺使他们难以展现自身优势、与同事建立良好关系并适应职场规范，进而影响他人对其工作潜力的评价。
WORK-READY SKILLS IN SCHOOLS The task force noted that some people with disabilities found it difficult to build the work-ready and soft skills needed for the workplace, such as communication, interpersonal and organisational skills. This made it harder for them to communicate their strengths, build relationships with colleagues and navigate workplace expectations, and affected how others perceived their potential to work, it said.
自2027年起，教育部将在开设国家课程的特殊教育机构中，为自闭症学生引入系统化的应用学习及职场体验项目。相关课程也将得到优化，以强化其工作相关技能与软技能；此外，通过职业体验活动，更多学生将能尽早接触职场环境。
From 2027, the Ministry of Education (MOE) will introduce structured applied learning and work exposure to students with autism in SPED schools that offer the national curriculum. The curriculum will also be enhanced to strengthen work-related and soft skills, with job tasters giving more students early exposure to the working world.
对于就读于理工学院及工艺教育学院的残障学生，相关部门也将提供更完善的职业技能培训与职场实践机会。
Institute of Technical Education (ITE) and polytechnic students with disabilities will also receive enhanced work skills training and work exposure opportunities.
安德鲁·李（右）与裴芝萍均具有特殊需求，如今他们在“赋能村”担任国家图书馆局的数字化服务助理。
Andrew Lee (right) and Peh Zhi Ping, who both have special needs, are digital services assistants for the National Library Board at Enabling Village.
教育部将与新加坡残疾人与包容事务管理局及各类就业服务机构携手合作，为理工学院和工艺教育学院的学生提供更多职业技能及软技能方面的培训。
MOE will work with SG Enable – the focal national agency for disability and inclusion – and employment service providers to give ITE and polytechnic students further training in work-related and soft skills.
这些培训将通过实习机会等实践形式以及实习期间的个性化职业指导来实施。对于需要额外帮助的学生，毕业后还将获得量身定制的就业安置服务与指导。
This will be done through work exposure, such as internship opportunities, and personalised job coaching during internships. Those who need further support will get personalised job placement help and coaching after graduation.
从2027年起，教育部还将为从特殊教育学校升入理工学院和工艺教育学院的学生推出过渡支持计划。
The ministry will also introduce transition support programmes from 2027 for SPED graduates who progress to ITE and polytechnics.
从特殊教育学校阶段开始，学生就能获得更具针对性的教育与职业指导，家庭也将作为重要合作伙伴参与其中，从而帮助学生根据自身优势选择适合的专业，而不仅仅局限于学术录取要求。
Students will receive more targeted education and career guidance from their SPED school years, with families as key partners, so that they choose courses based on the work that suits their strengths and not solely on academic admission requirements.
目前，共有约9000名学生就读于26所特殊教育学校，这一数字近年来呈上升趋势。教育部表示，这一增长主要源于自闭症病例报告数量的增多，这一趋势与国际情况相符。
About 9,000 students are enrolled in 26 SPED schools, a number that has risen over the years. The ministry said this is largely driven by an increase in reported cases of autism, consistent with international trends.
近年来，这些学校的学生中选择就业、继续深造或接受职业培训的比例不断提高，2023年这一比例已升至约57%。据教育部预测，今后每年从特殊教育学校升入理工学院和工艺教育学院的学生人数还将进一步增加。
A growing proportion of students from these schools move on to employment, further studies or training, reaching about 57 per cent in 2023. In recent years, about 80 students, or around 20 per cent of the SPED graduating cohort, have progressed to polytechnics and ITE each year.
拓展培训课程 新加坡残疾人与包容事务管理局还将致力于帮助残疾人提升自身技能。
The number is expected to increase, MOE said.
目前，根据“新加坡残疾人培训补助计划”，仅有专为残疾人设计的课程可享受95%的学费补贴。工作小组建议将这一补贴政策扩大至由技能与劳动力发展局认证的培训机构所提供的符合条件的普通课程，首批适用课程预计将于2027年上半年公布。
EXPANDING TRAINING COURSES SG Enable will also make it easier for people with disabilities to upgrade their skills. The 95 per cent course fee subsidy under the SG Enable Training Grant currently applies only to courses designed for people with disabilities.
我们将推出一套框架，协助成人教育从业者提升残疾意识以及提供无障碍培训等方面的能力。此外，还将设立能力发展补助金，帮助各类培训机构提升师资水平、改善学习环境并调整课程材料。
The task force recommended extending it to eligible mainstream courses offered by training providers accredited by the Skills and Workforce Development Agency, with the first batch of courses to be published by the first half of 2027. A framework will be introduced to help adult educators build skills in areas such as disability awareness and delivering accessible training.
从今年下半年起，SG Enable将把其行业培训与就业对接计划拓展至另外五个行业：餐饮、物流、信息通信与技术、医疗保健以及人力资源与行政管理。
A capability development grant will help training providers equip their educators, improve their learning environments and adapt course materials.
该计划于2025年9月推出，旨在解决残疾人缺乏系统化培训途径的问题。SG Enable预计在2026年至2030年间，帮助800名残疾人获得就业机会。
From the second half of this year, SG Enable will expand its sector train-and-place programme to five more industries: food and beverage, logistics, infocommunications and technology, healthcare, and human resources and administration. The programme was introduced in September 2025 to address the lack of structured training pathways for people with disabilities.
“这些行业具备吸纳残疾人的潜力，能够提供更多符合他们职业志向的就业机会。参与该计划的学员将接受系统的技能培训，内容涵盖行业所需的职业技能、通用软技能以及就业准备训练，”相关工作小组表示。
SG Enable expects to train and support 800 people with disabilities into employment between 2026 and 2030.
在新闻发布会上，残疾人家庭保障工作小组的成员（从左至右）分别为：蔡志强、拉哈尤·马兹姆、吴佩明、赛义德·哈伦·阿尔哈布西以及黄永宏。
“These sectors have the potential to hire persons with disabilities and expand job opportunities to better meet their aspirations. Participants of the programme will go through structured skills training covering sector-specific vocational and soft skills, as well as work readiness training,” the task force said.
对雇主的支持不少雇主反映，难以找到合适的补助金项目，且申请流程繁琐。目前相关资助分散在三项补助金中：开放之门计划下的岗位改造补助金、针对雇主的培训补助金以及雇主发展补助金。
Members of the Taskforce on Assurance for Families with Persons with Disabilities (from left to right) – Eric Chua, Rahayu Mahzam, Goh Pei Ming, Syed Harun Alhabsyi and Shawn Huang – at a press conference. SUPPORT FOR EMPLOYERS Employers have said it is difficult to identify the right grants and cumbersome to submit multiple applications.
社会及家庭发展部计划将这些项目整合优化，推出全新的“无障碍就业补助金”，预计于2027年上半年实施。
Funding is currently split across three grants: the Open Door Programme Job Redesign grant, the Open Door Programme training grant for employers and the Employer Development Grant.
今后雇主只需申请这一项补助金，即可用于岗位改造、员工培训以及日常职场支持等多项用途。该补助金还将覆盖更多类型的工作场所便利措施，以及企业内部培训材料定制的相关费用。
The Ministry of Social and Family Development will combine and enhance these into a new Enabling Employment Grant, expected to launch in the first half of 2027. Employers will be able to use a single grant for multiple purposes, from job redesign to training and ongoing workplace support.
人力部将对“就业扶持津贴计划”进行优化。2025年，约有6,800家雇主获得了该津贴，这一数字较2021年的约6,400家有所增长。
The grant will also cover a wider range of accommodations and the cost of customising in-house training. The manpower ministry will enhance the Enabling Employment Credit, which about 6,800 employers received in 2025, up from about 6,400 in 2021.
该计划适用于月收入低于4,000新元（约合3,130美元）的残障雇员。根据规定，雇主可获得相当于该雇员月收入20%的永久性工资补贴，补贴上限为400新元。
The scheme covers employees with disabilities earning below S$4,000 (US$3,130) a month. It gives employers a permanent wage offset of up to 20 per cent of the employee’s monthly income, capped at S$400.
此外，对于在受雇前至少六个月未工作的残障雇员，雇主还可获得为期九个月的临时性工资补贴，补贴比例最高为月收入的20%，每月上限同样为400新元。
The scheme also provides a nine-month temporary wage offset of up to an additional 20 per cent, capped at S$400 a month, for employees with disabilities who had not worked for at least six months before being hired.
预计2027年将进一步调整该计划：提高临时性补贴的金额与发放期限，并上调收入上限。更多细节将于今年晚些时候公布。
Enhancements expected in 2027 will increase the amount and duration of the temporary offset and raise the income ceiling. More details will be released later this year.
工作组指出：“此举将鼓励更多雇主考虑雇佣那些长期未工作的残障人士，也能为这些员工提供更多时间来适应并融入工作环境。”
“This will encourage more employers to consider hiring persons with disabilities who have not been working for some time, and provide more time for these employees to adapt and settle into the workplace,” the task force said.
报告指出，那些有中度需求的残障人士在工作中需要定期且系统化的支持，但目前很少有工作场所能提供此类帮助。
People with disabilities with moderate needs require regular, structured support on the job, which not many workplaces provide today, the report noted.
为应对这一问题，人力部与社会企业发展署将于今年晚些时候推出“企业扶持津贴计划”。该计划将为那些雇佣了较多此类员工的企业提供资金支持，用于聘请培训专员以及治疗师、心理学家等专业人员。
To address this, MSF and SG Enable will launch a Supported-Enterprise Enabling Grant later this year. It will fund enterprises that hire a significant proportion of such employees to bring on training officers and allied professionals such as therapists and psychologists.
这些企业还可获得新加坡社会企业中心提供的业务发展支持，包括产品开发、服务优化及业务拓展方面的协助。
They can also receive business development support from the Singapore Centre for Social Enterprise, such as help to develop products or services and to expand their businesses.
工作组强调：“我们希望企业能借助这笔限时提供的资金实现稳健运营，从而长期为残障员工提供持续的就业支持。”
“The intent is for enterprises to use the time-limited funding to achieve business viability, so they can provide ongoing employment support for their employees with disabilities on a sustained basis,” the task force said.
一站式服务：工作组提议在社会企业发展署下设就业支援办公室，作为提供技能提升、职业咨询及就业支援服务的一站式平台。
ONE-STOP SHOP The task force proposed an employment support office at SG Enable to serve as a “one-stop shop” for skills upgrading, career advisory and employment support services.
该就业支援办公室还将协助雇主招聘残障人士，预计将于2027年下半年全面投入运作。
The office will also support employers in hiring people with disabilities and is expected to be fully operational in the second half of 2027.
据专项工作组介绍，目前大多数残障人士及其雇主在就业后可获得最长一年的就业支援服务，但部分人需要更长时间来适应新环境。此外，当出现新主管或新同事等变动时，他们也可能需要职业辅导员的协助。
Most people with disabilities and their employers currently receive up to one year of job support after placement, but some need a longer runway to adapt, the task force said. Changes such as a new supervisor or colleague may also require support from job coaches.
新加坡残障人士福利理事会表示，对于那些长期未能找到工作的求职者，该办公室将提供更为深入的职业指导与个案管理服务。
For job seekers who have not secured employment after an extended period, the employment support office will provide more in-depth career guidance and case management, SG Enable said.
该理事会补充道：“这些服务可能包括推荐合适的培训项目、提供其他就业途径或相关的支援服务，以扫除就业障碍并助力他们顺利实现就业。”
"This may include identifying suitable training, alternative employment pathways or other relevant support services to address barriers and better support their employment journey," it added.
自2028年起，社会及家庭发展部与新加坡残障人士福利理事会还将进一步扩充服务供应商队伍，并提升职业辅导员的专业能力。对于需要更多支援的残障人士，必要时可获得超过12个月的密集式支援服务，并在遭遇职场难题时获得相应帮助。
From 2028, MSF and SG Enable will also expand the range of service providers and strengthen job coaches’ capabilities. Those with higher support needs may receive more intensive support beyond 12 months where needed, and help when workplace challenges arise.
专项工作组指出：“通过强化技能培训、协助职业转型并助力实现个人理想，将有更多残障人士能够找到并长期保有有意义的工作。”
“With stronger support to build skills, navigate career transitions and achieve their aspirations, more persons with disabilities will be able to find and sustain meaningful employment,” the task force said.