巴尔干战争中唯一被指控犯有战争罪的女性已去世。波斯尼亚塞族生物学家、90年代巴尔干战争期间的极端民族主义政治领袖比利亚娜·普尔瓦西奇曾表达悔意，并对一项反人类罪指控认罪，但后来她撤回认罪，称自己“会再次做出同样的事”。普尔瓦西奇于周四在塞尔维亚首都贝尔格莱德去世，享年96岁。
The Only Woman Charged With War Crimes in the Balkan Wars Has Died Biljana Plavsic, a Bosnian Serb, pleaded guilty to one count of crimes against humanity. She later recanted and said she “would do the same again.”Biljana Plavsic, a Bosnian Serb biologist and ultranationalist political leader during the Balkan wars of the 1990s who expressed remorse and pleaded guilty to one count of crimes against humanity but later recanted and said she “would do the same again,” has died in Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. She was 96.
塞尔维亚国家媒体周四宣布了普尔瓦西奇的死讯，未提供其他细节。
The death of Ms. Plavsic was announced on Thursday by Serbian state media. No other details were provided.
普尔瓦西奇曾是萨拉热窝大学教授，曾在萨格勒布、纽约、伦敦和布拉格学习，撰写了超过100篇科学论文。在20世纪90年代多民族国家南斯拉夫解体期间，她因将生物学应用于政治而声名狼藉。她宣称波斯尼亚的穆斯林人口是“畸形的遗传物质”，并猛烈抨击战前常见的通婚现象，称其导致“塞族民族的退化”。她对非塞族人的苦难往往表现出冷漠的漠视，因此被称为“巴尔干铁娘子”，这一绰号源于苏联对英国玛格丽特·撒切尔的描述。但普尔瓦西奇最钟爱的称号，是塞族战士涂在他们坦克侧面的致敬之词：“女皇”。
Ms. Plavsic, a former professor at Sarajevo University who studied in Zagreb, New York, London and Prague and wrote more than 100 scientific papers, became notorious in the 1990s for applying biology to politics when the multiethnic state of Yugoslavia disintegrated. She declared Bosnia’s Muslim population “deformed genetic material” and railed against mixed marriages, common before the war, as leading to “the degeneration of Serb nationality.”Often coldly indifferent to the suffering of non-Serbs, she was known as the Iron Lady of the Balkans, a nickname inspired by Soviet descriptions of Britain’s Margaret Thatcher. But the name Ms. Plavsic relished most was a tribute that Serb fighters daubed on the side of their tanks: Empress.
“她受过良好教育，是一名教授，却是个彻头彻尾的强硬民族主义者，”《南斯拉夫之死》的合著者劳拉·西尔伯回忆道，她在1992年至1995年波黑战争期间曾多次采访普拉夫希奇。“她一本正经、循规蹈矩——举止像个老派女教师——所以听到她嘴里吐出丑陋的民族主义言论，格外令人震惊。”来自波黑的澳大利亚学者奥利维拉·西米奇在普拉夫希奇晚年曾对她进行长达数百小时的采访，她记得普拉夫希奇极其聪明，却常对非塞尔维亚人的苦难视而不见。
“She was educated, a professor but a real hard-line nationalist,” recalled Laura Silber, the co-author of “The Death of Yugoslavia,” who interviewed Ms. Plavsic several times during the 1992-95 war in Bosnia. “She was prim and proper — school marmish in demeanor — so it was especially shocking to hear the ugly nationalist rhetoric coming out of her mouth.”Olivera Simic, an Australian scholar from Bosnia who interviewed Ms. Plavsic for hundreds of hours in her later years, remembered her as highly intelligent but often blind to the suffering of non-Serbs.
“她不是怪物，偶尔会表示为所有人感到难过——然后很快又开始谈论塞尔维亚受害者，为他们哭泣，”西米奇在电话采访中说。
“She was not a monster and would express from time to time that she felt sorry for everyone — and then quickly start talking about Serb victims and cry over them,” Ms. Simic said in a telephone interview.