英国犹太人在10月7日袭击事件发生后，更倾向于认同自己为犹太复国主义者、考虑移民以色列，并感受到与该国的紧密联系，一项研究发现。
British Jews have become more likely to identify as Zionist, consider emigrating to Israel, and feel a close attachment to the country since the 7 October attacks, research has found.
犹太政策研究所（JPR）的一项题为“10月8日的犹太人：10月7日对英国犹太人身份认同的影响”的研究，由大卫·格雷厄姆博士撰写，发现2022年至2025年间，认同自己为犹太复国主义者的英国犹太人比例上升了7个百分点，达到66%。到2025年6月，认为英国反犹太主义是“非常严重的问题”的比例已增至三倍，达到50%。
A study from the Institute for Jewish Policy Research (JPR) titled “October 8 Jews: The Impact of October 7 on British Jewish Identity”, by Dr David Graham, found the percentage of British Jews who identified as Zionist rose seven points to 66%, between 2022 and 2025. By June 2025, the numbers who felt antisemitism in the UK was a “very big problem” had tripled to 50%.
2025年6月，感到“在情感上非常依恋以色列”的英国犹太人比例上升至51%，较以色列-加沙战争前上升了13个百分点。同时，认为支持以色列对其犹太人身份“非常重要”的比例上升了10个百分点，达到45%。
The percentage of British Jews who felt “very emotionally attached to Israel” rose to 51% in June 2025, up 13 points from before the Israel-Gaza war. Meanwhile, those who felt supporting Israel was “very important” to their Jewish identity rose 10 points to 45%.
然而，报告发现，投票支持绿党的犹太人感到他们对以色列的依恋已减弱。
However, the report found Jewish people who vote for the Green party felt their attachment to Israel had weakened.
这项研究是在本周末绿党大会就“犹太复国主义是种族主义”动议进行投票之前编制完成的。JPR此前的研究发现，到去年6月，多达五分之一的英国犹太人支持绿党。
The research was compiled before a motion stating “Zionism is racism” was voted on at this weekend’s Green party conference. Previous JPR research found up to one in five British Jews were backing the Green party by June last year.
研究发现，2023年至2024年间，感到“在情感上非常依恋以色列”的犹太裔绿党支持者比例下降1个百分点至7%，而认为支持以色列对犹太人身份“非常重要”的比例下降8个百分点至3%。在同一时期，犹太裔绿党支持者最不可能将反犹太主义视为“英国的一个非常严重的问题”，该比例下降7个百分点至7%。
The study found that between 2023 and 2024, the percentage of Jewish Greens who felt “very emotionally attached to Israel” fell one point to 7%, while the percentage who felt supporting Israel was “very important” to Jewish identity fell eight points to 3%. Jewish Greens were least likely to see antisemitism as a “very big problem in the UK”, with the percentage declining seven points to 7% in the same period.
同时，2022年至2024年间，认同自己为犹太复国主义者的绿党支持者比例下降3个百分点至14%。
Meanwhile, between 2022 and 2024, the percentage of Greens who identify as Zionist fell three points to 14%.
JPR主任乔纳森·博伊德表示，犹太绿党成员往往倾向于世俗化，并补充道：“如果你的社会框架更加开放，你就更有可能受到更广泛社会对话的影响。”犹太绿党成员在未来五年内表示愿意移民以色列的可能性最低，其平均得分为0.2分（满分10分），较2022年至2024年间的0.7分有所下降。在更广泛的社区中，该得分为1.99分，高于10月7日之前的1.38分，其中哈雷迪正统派犹太人和50至59岁的人群最有可能表示愿意移民。
The JPR director, Jonathan Boyd, said Jewish Greens tended to be secular, adding: “If your social framework is much more open, you’re more likely to be shaped by the conversation in wider society.”Jewish Greens were least likely to say they would migrate to Israel in the next five years, with a mean score of 0.2 on a scale of zero to 10, declining from 0.7 between 2022 and 2024. In the wider community, the score was at 1.99, rising from 1.38 before 7 October, with Haredi Orthodox Jews and 50- to 59-year-olds the most likely.
16至29岁的年轻人也更少表示以色列对其身份认同“非常重要”，这一比例在2024年下降了一个百分点，降至27%。博伊德表示，这一代人对以色列的体验“更多是关于加沙和哈马斯”，而非其父辈那一代人的经历。
Sixteen- to 29-year-olds were also less likely to say Israel was “very important” to their identity, with the percentage falling by one point – to 27% – in 2024. Boyd said their experience of Israel had been “much more about Gaza and Hamas” than their parents’ generation.
博伊德指出，英国犹太人对以色列的认同感整体上升“直接与对英国反犹主义的担忧有关”，同时也与“以色列作为犹太民族家园的关联”有关。
Boyd said the overall growth in British Jewish attachment to Israel was “directly associated with concern about antisemitism in Britain” as well as “associations with Israel as a Jewish homeland”.
他表示，英国政府在安全层面“非常支持”英国犹太人，但需要表现出更多致力于弥以巴差异的承诺，并理解政策如何影响英国的反犹主义水平。
He said the UK government had been “very supportive on a security level” to British Jews, but needed to show more commitment to bridging Israeli-Palestinian differences and an understanding of how policy could affect UK levels of antisemitism.
他补充说，除非对以色列的强硬言论能与向全社会传达“我们理解[以色列]对犹太人如此重要”的意愿相平衡，否则就有“将以色列人推向右翼，并将英国犹太人推向边缘”的风险。
He added that unless tougher rhetoric on Israel was balanced with a willingness to tell society “we understand why [Israel] is so important to Jews”, it risked “pushing Israelis rightwards and British Jews away”.
博伊德表示：“对许多犹太人而言，以色列代表着安全。当人们感到以色列的安全状况恶化时，犹太人的安全感也会受到冲击，他们很可能会团结起来支持以色列。70%的英国犹太人在以色列有亲密的朋友和亲人，这些联系非常真实，也意味着英国犹太人受到了10月7日袭击事件的影响。”博伊德还表示，他预计英国正统派犹太社群的规模会继续增长。
由于正统派犹太人的出生率高于世俗犹太人，加上以色列的正统派文化影响深远，这种联系可能会随着时间的推移而更加紧密，尽管许多哈雷迪正统派犹太人并不认同世俗的政治犹太复国主义。
Boyd said: “Israel represents security to many Jews. When there’s a sense that Israel is more insecure, it is unsettling for Jews’ sense of safety, and they are likely to rally to its side. Seventy per cent of British Jews have close friends and family there, those connections are very real and mean British Jews were impacted by the 7 October attacks.”Boyd said he expected the growth in the UK Orthodox community, who have higher birthrates than secular Jews, was likely to deepen attachment to Israel over time because of the strength of Orthodox culture in Israel, even though many Haredi Orthodox Jews do not identify with secular political Zionism.
这项研究以英国31.5万犹太社群中的2500人为样本，追踪了不同宗教和政治立场的犹太群体的观点，但排除了英国改革派犹太教的支持者，因为研究时间早于该派别兴起之时。
The research, using a sample of 2,500 people from the 315,000-strong British Jewish community, tracked opinion across the spectrum of Jewish religious and political affiliation apart from Reform UK supporters, because the tracking period predated the party’s rise.
保守党选民是推动亲以色列和犹太复国主义情绪增长的主要群体，同时也是最担忧反犹主义的人群。
Conservative voters led the growth towards pro-Israel and Zionist sentiment and were most likely to be concerned about antisemitism.
研究期间尚未发生曼彻斯特犹太教堂袭击事件（本月是其一周年）、伊朗战争以及新的贸易制裁。这份报告发布前，JPR此前的研究已显示，英国犹太人对“两国方案”的支持率降至49%，创下有记录以来的最低水平。
The research period predated the Manchester synagogue attack, the first anniversary of which was this month, the Iran war, and new trade sanctions. The report comes after previous JPR research showed British-Jewish support for a two-state solution dropping to 49% – the lowest level since records began.