劳拉·诺南报道：欧洲央行总裁候选人克拉斯·诺特周一表示，鉴于其他司法管辖区正在迅速放松金融监管，欧洲可能需要重新审视其给予这些地区的市场准入待遇。
Europe may have to reconsider the market access it gives other jurisdictions that are rapidly relaxing their financial regulations, European Central Bank presidency candidate Klaas Knot said Monday.
诺特曾任荷兰央行行长，并担任国际金融稳定理事会主席。在回答关于如何应对全球风险标准和方法差异的问题时，他提出了监管等效性问题。
Knot, a former governor of the Dutch National Bank and chair of the international Financial Stability Board, raised the issue of equivalence in response to questions on how to deal with divergent standards and approaches to risk globally.
诺特表示：“如果欧洲确实认为世界某些地区在某个时间点不再具备监管等效性，那么可以据此得出结论，必须重新审查相互进入各类市场的整个议题。”诺特预计将在未来几天内与德国总理弗里德里希·默茨会面，讨论接替克里斯蒂娜·拉加德出任欧洲央行行长一事。
“If Europe really feels that some parts of the world are no longer regulatory equivalent at some point it can draw conclusions from that, the whole issue of mutual access to various markets will have to be reviewed,” said Knot, who is due to meet German Chancellor Friedrich Merz in the coming days about potentially succeeding Christine Lagarde as head of the ECB.
诺特强调，他仍然是全球标准的坚定支持者，他在维也纳奥地利央行举办的金融稳定会议上发表上述言论时，并未针对任何特定地区。来自美国、英国及其他主要司法管辖区的金融公司依赖监管等效性在欧盟内部开展业务。
Knot stressed that he was still a firm believer in global standards, and didn’t target any particular region in his comments at a financial stability conference hosted at the Austrian Central Bank in Vienna. Finance companies from the US, UK and other major jurisdictions rely on supervisory equivalence to do business inside the EU.
此前，欧洲官员曾对美国放松监管的速度表示担忧，因为唐纳德·特朗普政府大幅削减了规则和监管。与此同时，英国在脱欧后花费多年时间，才与欧盟金融规则达成有限的等效性安排。
European officials have previously expressed concern about the pace of deregulation in the US, as Donald Trump’s administration slashed rules and supervision. The UK, meanwhile, spent years securing limited equivalence with the EU’s financial rules following Brexit.
诺特指出，国际共识在应对非银行金融机构带来的风险方面进展滞后。金融稳定理事会曾建议采取包括设定最低折扣率和限制杠杆率在内的措施，但诺特承认，即使在他任职期间，这些措施的实施也“参差不齐”。他说：“现在我不再是官员了，我可以直言，情况很糟糕，在许多领域甚至根本不存在。”
One area where international agreement is lagging is on the risks posed by non-bank financial institutions, Knot said. The FSB recommended steps including minimum haircuts and limiting leverage, yet even during his tenure, Knot acknowledged “uneven” implementation. “Now I’m not an official any more I can say it’s poor, in many areas non-existent,” he said.
各国在2017年商定的最后一套危机后巴塞尔改革问题上也存在分歧，特别是管理银行交易业务资本的交易账簿基本面审查。美国尚未宣布实施这些规则的计划;英国和欧盟多次推迟实施，但坚称他们将实施这些措施。
Countries have also diverged on the final suite of post-crisis Basel reforms, agreed in 2017, particularly the Fundamental Review of the Trading Book that governs capital in banks’ trading businesses. The US has not yet announced its plans to implement the rules; the UK and EU have repeatedly delayed implementation but insisted they will apply the measures.
诺特说：“如果银行监管中存在像FRTB这样的问题，那么存在国际差异是没有意义的。”他补充说，“如果世界上的某个地区降低了要求，不幸的是，你必须遵循它，因为所有的业务都会在你意识到之前消失。”
“If you have an issue like FRTB in the banking regulation, it doesn’t make sense to have international differences,” Knot said, adding that “if there is a lowering of requirements in one part of the world, unfortunately you have to follow it because all the business will be gone before you know it.”