（NewsNation）--白宫正在监测疑似肺鼠疫疫情，一名俄罗斯科学家死亡，200人正在接受医学观察。俄罗斯尚未证实这名工人死于肺鼠疫，死亡原因是不明原因的肺炎，但该病例促使莫斯科呼吁提高透明度。鼠疫是一种导致鼠疫的鼠疫耶尔森氏菌进入肺部时引起的疾病。这是唯一可以通过空气中含细菌的飞沫在人与人之间传播的瘟疫形式。
(NewsNation) — A Russian scientist has died and 200 people are under medical observation as the White House is monitoring a suspected pneumonic plague outbreak. Russia has not confirmed that the worker died of pneumonic plague, with the death being attributed to pneumonia of unknown origin, but the case has prompted calls for more transparency from Moscow. Pneumonic plague is a disease caused when the bacterium Yersinia pestis, which causes the plague, enters the lungs. It is the only form of the plague that can spread person to person through bacteria-containing droplets in the air.
当某人患有鼠疫或败血症鼠疫时，也可能引起这种疾病，这种鼠疫是由跳蚤叮咬或接触含细菌的体液或组织引起的，并且感染蔓延到肺部。肺鼠疫的症状包括虚弱、头痛、发烧、发冷、身体疼痛、恶心和呕吐、呼吸急促以及带血或水样咳嗽。症状在暴露后一到四天出现，并迅速恶化。如果不治疗，肺鼠疫几乎总是致命的。
It can also be caused when someone has bubonic or septicemic plague, caused by flea bites or contact with bacteria-containing bodily fluid or tissue, and the infection spreads to the lungs. The symptoms of pneumonic plague include weakness, headache, fever, chills, body aches, nausea and vomiting, shortness of breath and a bloody or watery cough. Symptoms appear one to four days after exposure and worsen quickly. Without treatment, pneumonic plague is almost always fatal.
然而，瘟疫可以用抗生素治疗。对于肺鼠疫，出现症状后24小时内开始治疗是最好的生存机会。黑死病和肺鼠疫都是由鼠疫耶尔森氏菌引起的。区别在于身体的哪个部位被感染。腺鼠疫是由细菌感染淋巴结引起的，而肺鼠疫是肺部感染。腺鼠疫也更常见，美国每年仍有病例报告，但肺鼠疫更严重。臭名昭著的黑死病，在14世纪消灭了超过三分之一的欧洲人口，主要归因于淋巴腺鼠疫。
However, the plague can be treated with antibiotics. With the pneumonic plague, beginning treatment within 24 hours of developing symptoms gives the best chance of survival. Both bubonic and pneumonic plague are caused by Yersinia pestis. The difference lies in what part of the body is infected. The bubonic strain is caused when the bacteria infect the lymph nodes, while the pneumonic plague is an infection of the lungs. Bubonic plague is also more common, with cases still reported each year in the U.S., but pneumonic plague is more serious. The infamous Black Death, which wiped out more than a third of the European population in the 1300s, is attributed primarily to the bubonic plague.
俄罗斯尚未证实这位科学家死于肺鼠疫，但她在一家反鼠疫研究所工作，据报道打破了一根装有肺鼠疫病原体的试管。
Russia has not confirmed that the scientist died of pneumonic plague, but she worked at an anti-plague institute and reportedly broke a test tube containing pneumonic plague pathogens.
政府已隔离了多个医疗机构，并正在监测近200名与该女子接触过的人。
The government has quarantined several healthcare facilities and is monitoring nearly 200 people who came into contact with the woman.