周一发布的一份报告发现，由于欧洲气候费用上涨和德国航空成本上涨，往返德国和亚洲的旅客越来越多地选择伊斯坦布尔和海湾机场，而不是法兰克福和慕尼黑。
Travelers flying between Germany and Asia are increasingly choosing Istanbul and Gulf airports over Frankfurt and Munich, driven by higher European climate charges and rising German aviation costs, a report released Monday found.
德国航空组织的报告称：“航空旅客对于乘坐哪家航空公司前往长途目的地通常有多种选择。”并补充说，伊斯坦布尔、多哈和迪拜越来越受到青睐，因为它们的票价更低，而且连接范围更广。
“Air travelers generally have a wide range of options on which airline to take to a long-haul destination,” said the report by German aviation organizations, adding that Istanbul, Doha, and Dubai are increasingly preferred as their fares are lower and their connections are wider.
根据德国航空工业联邦协会（BDL）和德国航空航天中心（DLR）的联合研究，2024年，通过非欧盟枢纽的中转站占从德国飞往远东和东南亚的所有客运量的54%。这些数字高于2019年的43.8%和2010年的33.7%。
Transfers through non-EU hubs rose to 54% of all passenger traffic from Germany to the Far East and Southeast Asia in 2024, according to the joint study by the Federal Association of German Aviation Industry (BDL) and the German Aerospace Center (DLR). Those figures were up from 43.8% in 2019 and 33.7% in 2010.
图尔基耶和海湾地区机场的交通量增长最快，从2010年的12.6%增加到2024年的28.2%，翻了一番多。同期，来自德国的直飞航班和通过国内枢纽转机的航班总数从56%下降至36%。
Connecting traffic through airports in Türkiye and the Gulf saw the sharpest gains, more than doubling from 12.6% in 2010 to 28.2% in 2024. Over the same period, direct flights from Germany and transfers through domestic hubs combined tumbled from 56% to 36%.
该报告特别指出，土耳其航空公司和伊斯坦布尔的新巨型机场，以及海湾地区的主要枢纽--迪拜和多哈--是这一转变的关键推动力。除了提供较低的票价外，这些枢纽还经常简化旅行路线--允许乘客只需一次中转即可到达澳大利亚的目的地，而经西欧飞行时需要两次转机。
The report singled out Turkish Airlines and Istanbul’s new mega-airport, alongside the Gulf’s leading hubs—Dubai and Doha —as key drivers of the shift. Beyond offering lower fares, these hubs often streamline travel itineraries—allowing passengers to reach destinations as far as Australia with a single layover, compared to two connections when flying via Western Europe.
德国的枢纽地位面临风险气候费用上涨、政府税收上涨和运营费上涨导致西欧出发航班的票价稳步上涨。报告称，面对广泛的航空公司选择--例如经法兰克福飞往汉莎航空、经伊斯坦布尔飞往土耳其航空或经迪拜飞往阿联酋航空--对价格敏感的旅客通常会选择更实惠的非欧盟航班。
Germany's hub status at risk Rising climate charges, higher government taxes, and mounting operating fees have steadily inflated ticket prices for flights originating in Western Europe. Facing broad carrier choices—such as flying Lufthansa via Frankfurt, Turkish Airlines via Istanbul, or Emirates via Dubai—price-sensitive travelers are routinely opting for more affordable non-EU options, according to the report.
同样的转变不仅限于飞往亚洲的航班，也出现在德国和非洲之间的航线上，除地中海国家外，通过图尔基耶和海湾地区的航班从2010年的11%攀升至2019年的23.4%和2024年的32%。
The same shift was not limited to flights toward Asia and also showed up on routes between Germany and Africa, where, excluding Mediterranean states, transfers through Türkiye and the Gulf climbed from 11% in 2010 to 23.4% in 2019 and 32% in 2024.
报告还称，德国作为领先航空货运枢纽的地位面临风险，因为更多运往该国的货物正在国外机场处理。“例如，法兰克福机场已经将欧洲第一的位置输给了伊斯坦布尔机场，”它说。
The report also said Germany’s position as a leading air-freight hub was at risk, because more cargo bound for the country is being handled at airports abroad. “Frankfurt Airport, for instance, has lost its top spot in Europe to Istanbul Airport,” it said.
BDL首席执行官约阿希姆·朗警告说，随着乘客和货物转移到西欧以外的枢纽，德国正在慢慢与国际航空网络断开连接。
BDL Chief Executive Joachim Lang warned that Germany is slowly disconnecting from international air networks as passengers and cargo are shifting to hubs outside western Europe.
“对于一个出口国来说，这对其作为商业地点的竞争力构成了严重挑战，”他说。“此外，如果排放量仅仅转移到其他地方，气候将一无所获。我们需要更低的地点成本和公平的气候保护法规竞争环境，以便相同的条件适用于所有竞争对手。”
“For an exporting nation, this poses a serious challenge to its competitiveness as a business location,” he said. “Moreover, nothing is gained for the climate if emissions are merely shifted elsewhere. We need lower location costs and a level playing field on climate protection regulations so that the same conditions apply to all competitors.”