随着战斗再次爆发，埃塞俄比亚北部地区面临新一轮人道主义危机的威胁。有报道称，提格雷地区的一个新武装组织联盟正在强行招募男性和男孩加入其队伍。
As renewed fighting has threatened a fresh humanitarian crisis in the northern region of Ethiopia reports are emerging that a new alliance of armed groups in Tigray has been forcibly recruiting men and boys to its ranks.
9月23日，埃塞俄比亚联邦政府与该地区执政的提格雷人民解放阵线（TPLF）之间再次爆发冲突，打破了双方于2022年11月签署的脆弱《普雷托利亚和平协议》。
Renewed conflict erupted on 23 September between Ethiopia’s federal government and the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF), which rules the region, shattering the fragile Pretoria peace agreement signed between the two sides in November 2022.
在数月的紧张局势升级之后，最新一轮战斗始于提格雷人民解放阵线发动的一次袭击。据其称，此次袭击是对联邦政府无人机打击的回应。
The latest fighting started after months of escalating tensions when the TPLF launched an attack in what it claims was a response to drone strikes by the federal government.
向《卫报》透露消息的目击者描述了提格雷地区正在进行的广泛强制招募行动，目标为年龄在15至65岁之间的男性和男孩。
Witnesses who spoke to the Guardian described a broad campaign of forced recruitment in Tigray, targeting men and boys between the ages of 15 and 65.
曾在2020年至2022年冲突期间犯下战争罪和反人类罪行的厄立特里亚国防军和阿姆哈拉民兵组织，现已改变立场，转而支持提格雷人民解放阵线作战。
The Eritrean Defence Forces and Amhara militias, which committed war crimes and crimes against humanity during the 2020-22 conflict, have switched allegiance and are now fighting in support of the TPLF.
除了这一新联盟之外，来自这个早已饱受摧残的地区，还不断出现有关强制招募、儿童士兵以及新一轮人道主义危机的证词。
Along with this new alliance, testimonies of forced recruitment, child soldiers and fresh humanitarian crises are emerging out of the already battered region.
34岁的格祖*曾在2020年至2022年的战争中为提格雷部队作战，他在战场上失去了许多朋友，并庆幸自己在这场致命冲突中幸存下来。在最新冲突爆发后，他原本计划组建家庭，却接到了提格雷人民解放阵线当局要求他加入其武装组织的电话。
Gezu*, 34, who fought with the Tigrayan forces in the 2020-22 war, lost many of his friends on the battlefield and was grateful to survive the deadly conflict. He was planning to start a family when he received a call from the TPLF authorities to join their armed group after the latest outbreak of hostilities.
“我拒绝参战，”他说，“我告诉他们，与其强迫我重返战场的恐怖之中，不如直接杀了我。”
“I refused to join the war,” he said. “I responded to them to kill me rather than ever force me back to the horrors of the battlefield.
“当他们发现没有人愿意加入他们的军队时，有人逃往首都城市，他们开始从街上抓人。我不想离开家乡，直到事情变得更糟时。”在过去的几个月里，那些有能力离开的提格雷亚人担心战争即将来临，纷纷前往首都亚的斯亚贝巴。但9月23日，埃塞俄比亚航空公司暂停了往返提格雷亚地区的航班，使得许多人滞留，其中还有提格雷亚武装力量在塞瓦特机场夺控机场之后。
“When they saw no one would join their army willingly, and people fleeing to the capital city, they started rounding up people from the streets. I didn’t want to leave my home town until things started getting worse.”In the past few months, Tigrayans with the means to leave have been heading for the capital, Addis Ababa, fearing that war was coming. But on 23 September, Ethiopian Airlines suspended flights to and from the Tigray region, stranding many people, after Tigrayan forces seized the airport in Mekelle, the capital of Tigray region.
索罗门*，一位52岁的男子，成功逃往亚的斯亚贝巴，表示：“主要目标是15至40岁之间的人群。我亲眼看到提格雷亚人民解放阵线的武装人员在枪口下从街上和公共交通区域抓住15、16岁的年轻人。
Solomon*, a 52-year-old man who was able to flee to Addis Ababa, said: “The main targets are those between the ages of 15 and 40. I have seen the armed group of the TPLF rounding up people as young as 15 and 16 at gunpoint from the streets and public transportation areas.
我认识一些父母试图通过出示医疗证明来救自己的孩子。但官员们根本不管你有什么疾病，只要你的手、眼、脚能动，就强行征募。埃弗雷姆，40岁，是一个有三个孩子的父亲，他担心被征兵，在新一轮战斗爆发前几周就计划离开该地区。他说：‘每次我出门，妻子和孩子们都很焦虑，孩子们哭闹，担心我会被从街上抓走。
“I know parents who tried to save their children by showing medical certificates. The officers don’t care whatever internal disease you have; they forcefully recruit anyone whose hands, eyes and feet work.”Ephrem, 40, is a father of three who, fearing conscription, was planning to leave the region weeks before the fresh fighting erupted. “Every time I go outside the house, my wife and the kids are anxious. The kids cry fearing that I will be rounded up from the street.
有钱的人通过贿赂官员来保护自己和自己的孩子免受强制征兵。这真是太可怕了，没有人想参加战争。”
“People who have money protect themselves and their children from the forced recruitment by bribing the officers. It is devastating; no one wants to join the war,” he said.
过去一周以来，提格雷亚地区一直处于封锁状态，当地公民的银行账户被联邦政府突然冻结，导致人们无法提取自己的钱财。随后银行重新开放，但每日提款限额仅为2000埃塞俄比亚比拉（约9英镑），并出现了长队排队的情况。梅卡勒的一位年迈的老人内古斯*说：“我们不知道围困和战争会持续多久。每天只能取出2000比尔尔的限额，根本无法承受飞涨的食品价格。离开这个冲突地区是不可能的。外面的亲人无法寄送药品或现金。我只是希望这一切早日结束。”
The Tigray region has been under siege for the past week, when citizens’ bank accounts were abruptly frozen by the federal government, leaving people unable to withdraw their money. The banks have since reopened with a daily withdrawal limit of 2,000 birr (£9) and with long queues forming outside. Negus*, an elderly man in Mekelle, said: “We don’t know for how long the siege and the war are going to stay. A daily withdrawal limit of 2,000 birr can hardly afford to buy the skyrocketing food prices. It is impossible to leave this embattled region. There is no way for relatives outside to send medicine or cash. I am just hoping it all ends soon.”
直到本周，电信和互联网通信也被 tplf 下令切断，让地区内的家庭急切地盼望着外界消息。
Internet and phone communications were also cut off on the orders of the TPLF until this week, leaving families desperate for news of relatives in the region.
与此同时，埃塞俄皇政府被指控进行无差别的无人机空袭，并有报道称反对派军队的攻击已逼近亚的斯亚贝巴。
Meanwhile, the Ethiopian government has been accused of carrying out indiscriminate drone airstrikes and there have been reports of attacks by the opposition forces coming close to Addis Ababa.
根据英国政府的估计，约有30万至80万平民在提格雷冲突中丧生。联合国埃塞俄皇人权专家委员会表示，埃塞俄皇军、厄立特里亚军和阿姆哈拉民族主义“法诺”民兵之前对提格雷人口犯下了严重的暴行，这些暴行构成战争罪和反人类罪。一份来自大赦国际的报告也指控提格雷军在战争期间犯下暴行。
An estimated 300,000 to 800,000 civilians died during the Tigray conflict, according to the British government. The Ethiopian army, Eritrean forces and Amhara nationalist “fano” militias have previously committed grave atrocities against the Tigrayan population that amount to war crimes and crimes against humanity, according to the UN International Commission of Human Rights Experts on Ethiopia Tigrayan forces were also accused in an Amnesty report of committing atrocities during the war