长珍妮特·耶伦批评了唐纳德·特朗普总统对待美国盟友的方式，并支持对保护主义举措采取报复措施。
Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen criticized President Donald Trump’s treatment of US allies, and backed the idea of retaliation for protectionist moves.
在回应加拿大前财政部长克里斯蒂亚·弗里兰关于特朗普对盟国加征关税以及试图将美国与盟友的安全关系“货币化”的提问时，耶伦说道：“我认为这种行为令人发指。我完全理解为何各国会感到被美国背叛，并为此愤怒不已。”
“I think it’s appalling, and I understand exactly why you feel betrayed by the United States and are so angry about it,” Yellen said in response to a question from former Canadian Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland about Trump’s tariffs on its partners and efforts to “monetize” US security relationships with allies.
去年，特朗普宣布对多个贸易伙伴加征一系列新关税，不过今年2月美国最高法院裁定其中大部分措施违法。目前，特朗普政府正试图以其他法律依据构建新的关税体系，官方称此举旨在纠正全球贸易体系中长期存在的、令美国生产商处于劣势的不公平现象。近期，特朗普还指责加拿大等国“占美国的便宜”。
Trump declared a raft of new tariffs last year on US trading partners, most of which were declared illegal by the Supreme Court in February. The administration has been constructing a new system of levies using other legal bases, in an initiative officials say is aimed at addressing longstanding unfairness in the global trading system that had disadvantaged American producers. Trump lately has criticized Canada and others for having “taken advantage” of the US.
曾在前民主党总统乔·拜登任内担任财政部长的耶伦表示：“我认为加拿大及其他国家绝不能坐视不管，必须采取报复措施。”此次言论出自她接受彭博电视采访时的发言，谈话内容涉及诸多议题，包括她在推动全球企业税协调方面所作的努力。
Yellen, who served as Treasury secretary under former Democratic President Joe Biden, said she believed “it’s important for Canada and other countries not to accept this lying down and to retaliate.”She spoke in an interview for Bloomberg Television’s that spanned a range of issues, including her efforts on global corporate-tax coordination.
在任期间，耶伦大力倡导“友岸外包”政策——即深化与盟友及其他伙伴国（如印度和越南）的贸易联系，从而实现供应链多元化，降低对中国及其他地缘战略对手的依赖。
During her own term in office, Yellen had championed “friendshoring” — deepening trade ties with allies and other partners, such as India and Vietnam, to diversify supply chains away from China and other geostrategic rivals.
现任财政部长斯科特·贝森特则试图联合七国集团及其他多个国家，共同构建一条不受中国控制的战略矿产供应链，不过这一举措并未像耶伦提出的“友岸外包”政策那样具有广泛覆盖面。此外，贝森特也曾对部分盟友发表过尖锐言论，他称加拿大试图“享受作为美国州份的种种好处，却又不愿成为美国的一部分”。
Current Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent has sought to corral Group of Seven nations, along with a number of others, into developing a strategic mineral supply chain that’s independent of China, while stopping short of Yellen’s broader friendshoring initiative. He’s also made critical statements about some allies, referring to Canada as having tried to have the benefits of being a US state without beng one.
自去年初以来，特朗普实施的关税政策在推高通胀压力的同时也增加了美国财政部的收入。特朗普与贝森特声称这些关税有助于推动本土制造业的复兴。然而耶伦指出，这些措施从根本上违背了美国的国家利益。
Trump’s tariffs have added to inflationary pressures since early last year, while bolstering the Treasury’s revenues. Trump and Bessent argue that they will help induce a domestic manufacturing renaissance. Yellen said they are fundamentally against US interests.
“关税给美国带来了巨大损失，尤其是在民众普遍面临生活成本高涨的当下——许多人觉得难以维持生计。关税只会让这一状况进一步恶化，”她说道。
“We have lost a great deal from the tariffs, especially at a time when affordability is an overriding concern of Americans — they feel they can’t make ends meet. The tariffs have only made that worse,” she said.
据彭博经济研究测算，目前美国的实际平均关税税率已达11.2%，较2025年1月初的水平上升了近9个百分点。另一家研究机构——税务政策中心上月则指出，本届政府推出的各项关税措施将使今年每个美国家庭平均承担约920美元的负担。
Bloomberg Economics estimates the current US effective tariff rate at 11.2%, which marks an almost 9 percentage point increase from the start of January 2025. The Tax Policy Center, a research group, said last month that levies announced by the administration will impose an average burden this year of about $920 per American household.
在安全领域，耶伦称特朗普正在“削弱甚至将我们的同盟关系武器化”。不过她并未详述具体事例。目前，本届政府已促使日本与韩国这两个美国的条约盟友作出了大规模投资承诺。
On the security side, Yellen said Trump was “undermining or even weaponizing our alliances.”She didn’t offer specifics. Among its inititiatives, the administration has pushed Japan and South Korea, both treaty allies with the US, into large-scale investment pledges.
耶伦此前还曾担任美联储主席，她强调美国应与其他国家携手合作，共同应对中国给全球贸易体系带来的挑战。她指出，中国政府长期大量补贴本国产业，同时将国内消费水平维持在较低水平，这种做法“实际上并未完全遵守国际规则”。
Yellen, who also served as Federal Reserve chair earlier in her career, made a case for US collaboration with other nations to address challenges to the global trading system posed by China. Beijing “didn’t really always play by the rules,” massively subsidizing its industries and keeping consumption at relatively low levels.
“我们应对和面对中国在这些问题上的挑战，唯一成功的途径就是所有人协同行动，”耶伦表示。她说，她的观点是：“我们体量足够大——世界上的民主国家，那些将参与‘友岸外包’的国家——我们占全球的比例足够大，能够与中方在这些问题上取得进展。”
“The only way we can be successful in dealing and confronting China with these concerns is if we all act in unison,” Yellen said. She said her view was, “we are large enough — the democracies of the world, the countries that would be involved in friendshoring — that we’re a significant enough portion of the world to be able to make progress in dealing with these issues with China.”
她补充道：“尽管美国已实施自身的出口管制和投资管制，但如果盟友群体不携手合作，就无法取得成功。”贝森特也敦促西方盟友与美国合作，以应对中国的产业政策。他在周一的一场活动上表示，当天他与一位欧洲同行就中国问题进行了通话，并预计欧洲方面也很可能对北京采取“非常强硬的行动”。
She added, “Although the United States put in place its own export controls and investment controls it can’t be successful unless a group of allies work together.”Bessent has also urged Western allies to work with the US to counter China’s industrial policies. He said at an event Monday he’d spoken that day with a European counterpart about China, and anticipated Europeans will also likely take “very strong action” against Beijing.