新加坡：活动人士科基拉·安娜马拉伊（Kokila Annamalai）于周三（10月7日）受审，她被控未能遵守根据《防止网络虚假信息与操控法》（POFMA）向她发出的更正指令。
SINGAPORE: Activist Kokila Annamalai went on trial on Wednesday (Oct 7) for failing to comply with a correction direction issued to her under the Protection from Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Act (POFMA).
此案与她2024年10月在社交媒体上发布的一则关于一名面临死刑的毒品贩子的帖子有关。
This was in relation to posts that she made on social media in October 2024 about a drug trafficker on death row.
这是自2019年《防止网络虚假信息与操控法》生效以来，首例依据该法进行的审判。
This is the first trial of its kind under POFMA since it became law in 2019.
POFMA办公室表示，该帖子包含两项虚假陈述。第一，政府“任意且无视正当法律程序”地安排并执行死刑。第二，国家无需承担证明被告犯有毒品贩运罪的法律举证责任。
The POFMA Office stated that two false statements were made in the posts. First, that the government schedules and stays executions "arbitrarily and without regard for due legal process". Second, that the state does not bear the legal burden of proving a drug trafficking charge against the accused person.
据称，在时任内政兼律政部长K·山穆加姆（K Shanmugam）的指示下，POFMA办公室向她发出更正指令后，安娜马拉伊发布了一则帖子，称她拒绝遵守该指令。
When issued with the correction direction from the POFMA Office on the instruction of then Home Affairs and Law Minister K Shanmugam, Annamalai allegedly put up a post saying that she defied the correction direction.
根据法律规定，收到更正指令的人必须首先通过在违规帖子中发布更正通知来遵守该指令，之后才能采取任何行动提出上诉。
Under the law, a person issued a correction direction must first comply with it by putting up a correction notice on the offending post before taking any actions to appeal against the direction.
法院审理时指出，安娜马拉伊据称并未遵守，且至今仍未遵守该指令。
In this case, Annamalai allegedly did not and has not complied, the court heard.
这名38岁的新加坡女性全名为安娜马拉伊·科基拉·帕瓦蒂（Annamalai Kokila Parvathi），她还面临另一项《公共秩序法》指控，即参与了一场旨在宣传废除新加坡死刑的集会。在审理与POFMA相关的指控期间，这项指控已被暂停或搁置。
The 38-year-old Singaporean woman, whose full name is Annamalai Kokila Parvathi, faces another charge under the Public Order Act for taking part in an assembly publicising the cause of abolishing capital punishment in Singapore. This charge was stood down or set aside while the POFMA-related charge is tried.
副检察官蒂莫西乌斯·科（Timotheus Koh）和斯蒂芬妮·科（Stephanie Koh）在开庭陈词中表示，这是一起“明显故意不遵守指令的案件”。
Deputy Public Prosecutors Timotheus Koh and Stephanie Koh told the court in their opening address that this was a "straightforward case of deliberate non-compliance".
他们指出，法律已为个人挑战更正指令的发布提供了框架，但安娜马拉伊并未通过允许的方式提出挑战。
They said that there is a statutory framework for a person to challenge the issuance of the correction direction, but Annamalai did not challenge it under the allowed methods.
具体流程是，首先向部长提出上诉，若失败，则可向高等法院上诉。
This is by first appealing to the minister, and then if this fails, to the High Court.
检方表示，发布更正通知的目的在于让公众能够同时查阅原始文章和政府的声明，从而自行得出结论。
The point of a correction notice is so that members of the public will have access to both the original article and the government's statement, in order to form their own conclusions, the prosecution said.
高女士表示，阿南马莱清楚了解更正指令以及可采取的异议途径，但选择无视这些规定。
Ms Koh said that Annamalai knew about the correction directions and the available challenges but chose to ignore them.
她后来发表的一篇文章详细阐述了其反抗的原因，文章标题为：《我予以反抗：为何我不遵守我的POFMA更正指令》。
The reasons for her defiance are set out in an article she later published, titled: "I Defy: Why I am not complying with my POFMA Correction Direction".
文章的副标题写道：“我说过的话，就是我说过的。”高女士还表示，不应允许阿南马莱利用当前的诉讼程序对更正指令发起“后门挑战”。她补充说，此次听证会也并非用于讨论更正指令具体内容。
The sub-heading read: "I said what I said." Ms Koh also said that Annamalai should not be allowed to use the current proceedings to mount a "backdoor challenge" to the correction direction. This hearing is also not a forum to hear the contents of the correction direction, she added.
高女士指出：“收到更正指令的接收方必须首先遵守该指令，然后通过适当的渠道提出异议，而不是反过来。”“被告对此心知肚明。”
"A recipient who receives a correction direction must comply with it first, then challenge it through the proper channels, not the other way around," Ms Koh pointed out. "The accused is well aware of that."
她敦促法院将审理范围限制在指控的具体内容上，并驳回“被告试图引入无关且不相关议题的任何企图”。
She urged the court to confine the proceedings to the elements of the charge and to reject "any attempt by the accused to introduce irrelevant and unrelated issues".
高女士补充道：“她正试图利用这场刑事审判为自己博取关注，我们敦促法院驳回这种做法。”此时，阿南马莱露出了微笑，并朝坐满支持者的旁听席望去。
"She's trying to use this criminal trial for her own publicity, and we urge the court to reject this," Ms Koh added. At this, Annamalai smiled and looked in the direction of the public gallery, which was filled with supporters.
其中包括演员林凯修和聂瑞林，他们因参加在州立法院举行的集会而与阿南马莱一同被控违反《公共秩序法》。
This included actors Lim Kay Siu and Neo Swee Lin, who were charged alongside Annamalai in relation to the Public Order Act for taking part in an assembly at the State Courts.
辩护方发言：阿南马莱的辩护律师为Too Xing Ji和Tham Lijing。
DEFENCE SPEAKS Annamalai is defended by lawyers Too Xing Ji and Tham Lijing.
Tham先生请求发言，但高先生提出异议，称辩护方尚未被允许发言。然而，首席地区法官Toh Han Li最终允许辩护方发言。Tham先生随后表示，POFMA本就不适用于被告这类人士。
Mr Tham asked to speak and Mr Koh objected, saying that the defence has not been called. However, Principal District Judge Toh Han Li allowed the defence to speak. Mr Tham then said that POFMA was not intended to apply to people such as the accused. "She is a girl from Clementi.
“她来自克莱门蒂。她曾在布莱克莫尔路的MGS（卫理公会女子学校）就读。她从新加坡国立大学（NUS）以一等荣誉毕业。毕业后，尊敬的法官，她加入了AWARE组织，并在那里帮助了受虐待的女性，”参先生说道。托法官插话，要求他直奔主题。
She went to MGS (Methodist Girls' School) on Blackmore Drive. She graduated with a First Class from NUS (National University of Singapore). After she graduated, Your Honour, she joined AWARE where she helped our abused women," Mr Tham said. Judge Toh interjected and asked him to get to the point.
“重点在于，”参先生继续说道，“她在死囚牢中遇到了一名男子……也就是那篇Facebook帖子和X帖子的主角……他是一名被定罪的毒品贩子。”法官再次插话，要求他不要“过于详细”。“这份更正指令从表面来看就是无效的，”参先生说。
"The point is," Mr Tham continued, "She met a man on death row ... who's the subject of the Facebook post and X post ... he was a convicted drug trafficker." The judge interjected again and asked him not to go into "a lot of detail". "The correction direction is invalid on its face," Mr Tham said.
他补充说，辩方有三个论点。第一，《POFMA法》不适用于真实的事实，也不适用于观点。第二，阿南马莱的帖子并未提出或包含争议性的陈述。
He added that the defence has three points. First, that POFMA does not apply to facts that are true, and that it does not apply to opinions. Second, Annamalai's post did not make or contain the contested subject statements.
第三，这份更正通知长达330字，“超出了《POFMA法》所授予的权力范围”。
Third, the correction notice is 330 words long and "exceeds the powers granted by POFMA".
“我们的观点是——《POFMA法》第11条赋予政府回应权，即澄清事实的机会。但第11条并未授权政府在他人自己的网络空间上发布一篇长达330字的文章。”参先生主张，辩方的立场得到了议会的立法意图支持。
"We are saying – Section 11 of POFMA grants the government the right of reply, the opportunity to set the record straight. Section 11 does not authorise the government to put a 330-word essay on a person's own online space." Mr Tham argued that the defence's position is confirmed by parliament's intention.
“在《POFMA法》的辩论过程中，议会已经认识到，该法案不会适用于此类陈述，”他说。
"During the POFMA debates, it was recognised by parliament that the Bill would not reach statements like these," he said.
他表示，辩方将请求法院认定这份更正指令无效。如果指令无效，那么指控就必须被驳回。
He said that the defence would ask the court to find that the correction direction is invalid. And if it is invalid, then the charge must fail.
随后，检方传唤了第一位证人——POFMA办公室的集群主任叶雪英女士。
The prosecution then called its first witness, Ms Yeo Xue Ying, a cluster director at the POFMA Office.
高先生询问她关于更正指令的发布过程，叶女士则作证称，他们向阿南马莱发送了三封电子邮件。
Mr Koh asked her about how the correction direction was issued, and Ms Yeo testified about how three emails were sent to Annamalai.
她说，收到更正指令的人有时可能会错过办公室发送的邮件，或者可能尚未阅读这些邮件，因此他们又发送了数封提醒邮件。“我们希望给予接收方充足的通知和遵守规定的机会，”她说。
She said that recipients of correction directions sometimes may miss the emails from the office, or may not have read them, and several reminder emails were therefore sent. "We would like to give the recipients ample notice and chances to comply," she said.
她还表示，Annamalai 未能在截止日期前遵守规定，至今也仍未遵守。审判仍在继续。
She also said that Annamalai has not complied by the deadline, nor has she done so to date. The trial continues.
本周三早些时候，法院批准了 Annamalai 本月晚些时候前往印度金奈的请求。
Earlier on Wednesday, the court granted Annamalai her request to go to Chennai, India, later this month.
这一批准附带了保释条件，包括在现有 5000 新元（3910 美元）保释金的基础上，再缴纳 5000 新元（3910 美元）的保释金。
This was with bail conditions that include another S$5,000 (US$3,910) bail on top of her existing bail of S$5,000.
如果被判犯有无正当理由不遵守矫正指令的罪行，Annamalai 可能面临最高 12 个月的监禁或最高 20000 新元的罚款，或两者并罚。
If convicted of failing to comply with a correction direction without reasonable excuse, Annamalai can be jailed for up to 12 months or fined up to S$20,000, or both.