10月7日——世界卫生组织周三发布了首份针对儿童肥胖问题的全球指南，建议通过饮食调节、体育锻炼及行为干预来应对这一问题，而非依赖目前流行的减肥药物。
Oct 7 - The World Health Organization on Wednesday recommended diet, exercise and counseling over popular weight-loss drugs in its first global guidelines addressing rising obesity among younger children.
根据联合国儿童基金会的数据，在全球范围内，肥胖已取代体重过轻，成为学龄儿童及青少年中最常见的营养不良形式。
According to UNICEF data, obesity has surpassed being underweight as the most common form of malnutrition in school children and adolescents worldwide.
世卫组织指出，对于10至19岁的肥胖青少年，只有在经过规范干预仍未见效的情况下，才可考虑使用减肥药物；而对于身体与心理均已发育成熟的重度肥胖青少年，若经过六个月治疗仍无改善，则可考虑实施减肥手术。
The health agency said weight-loss drugs may be considered for adolescents aged 10 to 19 with obesity but only after supervised interventions have failed. Bariatric surgery could be considered for physically and mentally mature adolescents with severe obesity after six months of unsuccessful treatment, it said.
对于10岁以下的儿童，鉴于相关药物及治疗手段的安全性与长期疗效尚存不确定性，世卫组织推荐采用饮食调整、体育锻炼及综合行为干预措施，而非药物、手术或其他医疗设备。
For children under 10, WHO endorsed diet, physical activity and combined behavioral support instead of obesity medication, surgery or devices because of doubts over their safety and long-term effectiveness.
营养与食品安全司司长卢兹·玛丽亚·德雷吉尔表示，目前关于GLP-1类减肥药物的证据尚不充分，不过研究人员正在持续监测其疗效与安全性试验，未来随着更多数据的出现，相关评估也可能随之调整。
Luz María De Regil, director of the Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, said there is currently insufficient evidence on GLP-1 drugs, though researchers are monitoring efficacy and safety trials and may revise that assessment as more data emerges.
“对于儿童及青少年肥胖的治疗而言，核心并非药物或手术，而是提供全方位的支持，帮助他们养成健康的饮食习惯、坚持体育锻炼并实现行为的可持续改变，”德雷吉尔强调。
"The foundation of obesity care for children and adolescents is not medicine or surgery, but access to comprehensive support that enables healthy eating, physical activity and sustainable behaviour change," De Regil said.
目前已有部分GLP-1类减肥药物获准用于青少年群体。诺和诺德的Wegovy与Saxenda在美国及欧盟获准用于12岁及以上的特定青少年患者；欧盟还允许6至11岁的部分儿童使用Saxenda。
Some GLP-1 medicines are already approved for weight-loss in younger patients. Novo Nordisk's Wegovy and Saxenda can be used by certain adolescents 12 and older in the United States and the European Union. The EU also allows Saxenda for some children aged six to 11.
世卫组织强烈建议，针对肥胖儿童及青少年应制定个性化的饮食、运动及行为干预方案，并鼓励家长共同参与；同时，在必要时也可借助数字化工具提供远程指导。
For children and adolescents with obesity, WHO strongly suggested tailored diets, physical activity and behavioral programs involving caregivers, with supervised digital support cited as optional.
世卫组织还强调，健康饮食与体育锻炼必须做到人人可及且价格合理，因为仅靠治疗手段无法遏制肥胖率的持续上升。
Healthy diets and physical activity must also be accessible and affordable because treatment alone cannot halt rising obesity, WHO said.
世界卫生组织指出，2024年全球5至19岁的青少年中，约有4亿人体重超标，其中1.7亿人患有肥胖症。自1990年以来，这一年龄段的肥胖率增长了三倍。
About 400 million people aged 5 to 19 were overweight in 2024, including 170 million living with obesity, WHO said. Obesity prevalence in the group has quadrupled since 1990.