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彭博社

创纪录的风力发电量无法打破英国对昂贵天然气的依赖Record Wind Output Can’t Break Britain’s Reliance on Costly Gas

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英国比格尔斯韦德民居远处的风力涡轮机。摄影师:Chris Ratcliffe/BloombergWind turbines beyond homes in Biggleswade, UK. Photographer: Chris Ratcliffe/Bloomberg

埃蒙·阿基尔·法哈特报道 上个月,创纪录的风力发电大幅减少了英国对天然气发电的使用,但不足以使该国免受伊朗战争引发的价格飙升的影响。

Record wind generation slashed Britain’s use of natural gas fired power last month, but wasn’t enough to shield the country from surging prices triggered by the war in Iran.

9月份,风力涡轮机发电量为6.62太瓦时,创下当月纪录,比去年同期增长4%,推动燃气发电量降至9月份有记录以来的最低水平。然而,日前电价仍比去年同期翻了一番。

Wind turbines generated 6.62 terawatt-hours of electricity in September, a record for the month and 4% more than a year earlier, helping push gas-fired generation to its lowest level on record for a September. Yet, day-ahead power rates still doubled from a year earlier.

风力发电的激增标志着政府在2030年前实现基本清洁电力系统的目标取得了进展,但高昂的价格凸显了市场对天然气的持续依赖。即使这种燃料发电量减少,它仍继续在一天中的关键时段决定价格。

The surge in wind generation marks progress toward the government’s goal of a largely clean power system by 2030, but high prices underscore the market’s continued exposure to natural gas. Even as the fuel generates less electricity, it continues to set the price during crucial periods of the day.

这是因为该国实行边际定价机制,即满足需求所需的最昂贵发电机的成本决定了该时段的电价。

That’s because the nation operates a marginal pricing system, where the cost of the most expensive generator needed to meet demand determines the price for that time period.

随着伊朗冲突扰乱波斯湾的供应,天然气期货价格飙升,其中包括因霍尔木兹海峡关闭而受影响的卡塔尔货物。欧洲也在供应竞争加剧的情况下艰难重建库存。

Gas futures have surged as the Iran conflict disrupts supplies from the Persian Gulf, including Qatari cargoes affected by the closure of the Strait of Hormuz. Europe is also struggling to rebuild storage amid intensifying competition for supplies.

9月份,在Epex Spot SE交易所,日前电价平均为每兆瓦时135.39英镑。根据彭博社的计算,在燃气发电量最高的10%时段内,电价平均约为每兆瓦时184英镑,比当月其余时段高出约42%。

In September, day-ahead power prices averaged £135.39 per megawatt-hour on the Epex Spot SE exchange. During the 10% of hours with the highest gas generation, rates averaged about £184 per megawatt-hour, roughly 42% more than during the rest of the month, according to Bloomberg calculations.

政府正密切关注批发电价成本,以寻求缓解家庭财务压力。根据彭博经济研究9月份发布的分析,由于天然气供应中断持续,英国能源账单预计将在1月份上涨约25%。

The government is closely watching wholesale energy costs as it seeks to ease pressure on household finances. UK energy bills are forecast to jump by about 25% in January as disruptions to gas supplies continue, according to a Bloomberg Economics analysis published in September.

9月份的风电记录是今年可再生能源发电整体增长的一部分。根据NESO的数据,前九个月的风电输出比之前同期的最高纪录高出14%,而整体可再生能源发电量则比之前的最高纪录高出约15%。

The September wind record is part of a broader increase in renewable generation this year. Wind output in the first nine months was 14% above the previous record for the period, while overall renewable generation was about 15% above its previous high, according to NESO data.